Bio quiz 11 Chapter 44-45

Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion is likely after _____. A) drinking lots of pure water B) sweating-induced dehydration increases plasma osmolarity C) eating a small sugary snack D) blood pressure becomes abnormally high

B) sweating-induced dehydration increases plasma osmolarity

Ammonia is likely to be the primary nitrogenous waste in living conditions that include _____ a. lots of fresh water flowing across the gills of fish b. lots of sea water, such as bird living in a marine environment c. a terrestrial environment , such as that supporting crickets

a. lots of fresh water flowing across the gills of fish

Why are the renal artery and vein critical to the process of osmoregulation in vertebrates? a. the kidneys require constant and abnormally high oxygen supply to function b. The renal artery delivers blood with nitrogenous waste to the kidney and the renal vein brings blood with less nitrogenous wastes away from the kidneys c. the kidneys require higher than normal levels of hormones d. The renal artery and vein are the main pathways regulating how much is produced by the kidneys

b. The renal artery delivers blood with nitrogenous waste to the kidney and the renal vein brings blood with less nitrogenous wastes away from the kidneys

The osmoregulatory process called secretion refers to the ____ a. reabsorption of nutrients form a filtrate b. selective elimination of excess ion and toxins from body fluids c. formation of an osmotic gradient along an excretory structure d. expulsion of urine from the body

b. selective elimination of excess ion and toxins from body fluids

a primary reason that the kidneys have one of the highest metabolic rates of all body organs is that _____ a. they have membranes of varying permeability to water b. they operate an extensive set of active transport ion pumps c. they are the bodys only means of shedding excess nutrients d. They have an abundance of myogenic smooth muscle.

b. they operate an extensive set of active transport ion pumps

The transfer of fluid from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule ____ a. results from active transport b. transfers large molecules as easily as small ones c. is very selective as to which sub- protein sized molecules are transferred d. is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaires of the glomerulus

d. is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaires of the glomerulus

Which nitrogenous waste has the greatest number of nitrogen atoms? a. Ammonia b. ammonium atoms c. urea d. uric acid

d. uric acid

Urea is _____. A) insoluble in water B) the primary nitrogenous waste product of humans C) the primary nitrogenous waste product of most birds D) the primary nitrogenous waste product of most aquatic invertebrates

the primary nitrogenous waste product of humans