Bio quiz 11/2/17

.......stimulates the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex

ACTH

The anterior pituitary gland produces all of the following EXCEPT which one?

ADH

Alcohol has diuretic effects, increasing urine output. By which one of the following is this mediated?

Alcohol inhibits the release of ADH.

.......causes release of the egg from the ovary

LH

Which of the following is the site of calcium ion storage within muscles?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Thyroxine is released from the thyroid gland in response to the presence of

TSH

All of the following are necessary for contraction to occur EXCEPT which one?

The troponin and tropomysin must slide relative to each other, shortening the sarcomere.

The neurotransmitter, ( ), has an excitatory effect on skeletal muscle, causing it to contract.

acetylcholine

The contractile proteins that are located in myofibrils are called

actin and myosin

A stronger stimulus results in which one of the following?

activation of more receptors and greater frequency of action potentials

.....promotes sodium uptake and potassium excretion

aldosterone

The steroid hormone ........... regulates the reabsorption of sodium across the collecting duct and distal tubule.

aldosterone

The malleus and incus function to

amplify sound

In the lower leg, the gastrocnemius muscle bends the foot away from the knee, as in pointing one's toes. The tibialis anterior muscle flexes the foot toward the knee. These two muscles are...

antagonistic

Nonsteroid hormones differ from steroid hormones in that they

bind to a receptor on the outer surface of the cell membrane

.....lowers blood calcium levels

calcitonin

The hormone ADH

causes the cells of the collecting duct to be more permeable to water

The ........ sorts sounds by tone and converts them into electrical impulses.

cochlea

The transparent covering of the front of the eye is the

cornea

Which one of the following is caused by the secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone by the heart?

decrease in blood pressure

Insufficient production of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary may result in

dwarfism

Bile salts assists in the chemical digestion of triglycerides by

emulsifying large fat droplets into tiny ones, providing more surface area for enzymes

A muscle is arranged in bundles of muscle fibers, called...

fasicles

Which one of the following hormone pairs is antagonistic, in that they have opposing effects?

glucagon, insulin

...... of growth hormone results in gigantism.

hypersecretion

Insufficient number of particular types of cones causes

impaired color vision

.... stimulates cell uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body

insulin

Uptake of blood glucose by liver cells is stimulated by

insulin

The ........ regulates the amount of light entering the eye.

iris

The layer of the GI tract wall that is responsible for motility is the

muscularis

Which of the following receptors are MOST likely to demonstrate receptor adaptation?

olfactory receptors in the nose

The movement of tiny, bonelike crystals called ....... located in the vestibule of the vestibular apparatus, is important in determining the position of the head.

otoliths

......causes ejection of milk into ducts during breast-feeding

oxytocin

Chloride ions move by ................. following transport of sodium out of tubular cells.

passive diffusion

The process by which food is propelled through the digestive tract by alternating contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle is

peristalsis

Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that specifically targets

protein

Over 99% of the water filtered through the glomerulus is reabsorbed. At which one of the following locations does most of this water reabsorption occur?

proximal tubule

The effect of parathyroid hormone is to ....... blood calcium levels.

raise

The kidneys function to maintain homeostasis in all of the following ways

regulating blood volume, blood pressure, vitamin D and controlling salt balance in bodily fluids

The portion of a myofibril from one Z-line to the next is a

sarcomere

The __________ breaks down and absorbs the monomers of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

small intestine

The electrical impulse generated by a muscle cell membrane is transmitted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by

t tubules

Which one of the following is an example of an isometric contraction?

tightening of abdominal muscles while sitting