Bio Test 2 for Chapter 3

What makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy than unsaturated ones?

They possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them more tightly packed together.

What category of biological molecules are steroids included in?

lipids

In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________.

monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer?

amino acid - protein

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a

dehydration reaction.

DNA functions to ________, while RNA's function is to________.

store the information to make RNA; contain the information to make a protein.

In sickle-cell disease, malformation of red blood cells is caused by only one mistake for one amino acid in the genetic code for hemoglobin.

true

When starch is digested, an -OH group and an -H group from a water molecule is used in hydrolysis to split the monosaccharide subunits.

true

A fatty acid that has at least two double bonds is called

unsaturated

What functional group makes a carbohydrate polar?

-OH

Which formula is a hydrocarbon?

CH4

How does DNA differ from RNA?

DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.

When a person orders a hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise, which of the following would be a false statement about the nutritional intake?

Glycogen will be obtained from the bun.

Which of the following is not associated with proteins?

Proteins are used to produce DNA.

A starch molecule is to glucose as

a protein is to an amino acid.

Which one of the following is not a potential danger of anabolic steroids?

can enhance the body's production of normal sex hormones

What is the function of a peptide bond?

joins an amino acid to an adjacent amino acid

When you eat a salad, which one of the following components will pass through the body with the least amount of digestion?

lettuce

Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create DNA.

protein; nucleotides

The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that

react a certain way with other molecules.

Plants store their sugar in the form of

starch

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

thymine

ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. The components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a pentose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is a(n)

nucleic acid.

Which of the following is least likely to be affected when a protein is denatured?

primary structure