Bio161 Exam 1

At what pH is a solution completely acidic? A: 0 B: 7 C: 14 D: 7.4

A: 0

Most of the body's homeostatic mechanisms operate by negative feedback, although a few function through positive feedback. Choose the example from the list below that operates by positive feedback. A: Blood pressure that has dropped too low is caused to increase B: A baby suckling at the breast stimulates greater milk production C: Maintenance of a constant body temperature is accomplished through sweating or shivering D: Regulation of glucose levels in the blood requires the actions of two pancreatic hormones, insulin and glucagon

A: A baby suckling at the breast stimulates greater milk production

Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) in water are called _______. A: Acids B: Bases C: Salts D: Electrically Neutral

A: Acids

_______: Toward or at the front of the body; in front of. A: Anterior B: Inferior C: Medial D: Posterior

A: Anterior

The smallest unit of matter is the _____. A: Atom B: Molecule C: Element D: Electron

A: Atom

Ionic bonds tend to form between _____. A: Atoms that have become electrically, and oppositely, charged B: Atoms that share a single pair of electrons C: Atoms that share two pairs of electrons D: Hydrogen and oxygen atoms that bear weak but opposite charges

A: Atoms that have become electrically, and oppositely, charged

Which element has the nuclear configuration of 12/6? A: Carbon B: Oxygen C: N D: K

A: Carbon

All organisms share a set of basic requirements. These include all of the following, with the exception of _____, which is not required by all organisms, even if it is present in many. A: Carbon Dioxide B: Oxygen C: Pressure D: Food and Water

A: Carbon Dioxide

What is the smallest level of organization considered to be living? A: Cell B: Organelle C: Tissue D: System

A: Cell

______ Reactions occur when chemical bonds are formed, broken or rearranged. A: Chemical B: Energy C: Mechanical

A: Chemical

CO2+H2O --> H2CO3 This is an example of: A: Combination B: Decomposition C: Exchange

A: Combination

The Abdominal Cavity contains the ______. A: Digestive Organs B: Lungs C: Reproductive Organs D: Bladder

A: Digestive Organs

Another word to describe Posterior is: A: Dorsal B: Cranial C: Ventral

A: Dorsal

_______: Atoms with one or two electrons in the valence shells. A: Electropositive B: Electronegative

A: Electropositive

______ are elements that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means. A: Elements B: Atoms

A: Elements

Myoglobin, hemoglobin, and many enzymes are _______ proteins. A: Globular B: Fibrous C: Linear D: Pleated Sheer

A: Globular

Animal "starch," or ________, consists of branched chains of sugar units and functions to store energy. A: Glycogen B: Steroids C: Dextrose D: Cellulose

A: Glycogen

Solutions are ________ mixtures. A: Homogeneous B: Heterogeneous C: Homozygous

A: Homogeneous

The chin can be described as being on the ______ surface of the skull. A: Inferior B: Lateral C: Superior D: Ventral

A: Inferior

______: Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below. A: Inferior B: Anterior C: Superior D: Medial

A: Inferior

_____ Bonds enclose the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another. A: Ionic B: Covalent C: Hydrogen

A: Ionic

Select the correct statement about isotopes: A: Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers B: Isotopes are rare and occur only in the heavier elements C: All of the isotopes of an element have the same number of neurons D: All of the isotopes of an element are radioactive

A: Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers

The Right Lower Quadrant contains: A: Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Appendix B: Liver, Spleen, Stomach C: Pancreas, Spleen, Appendix D: Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Stomach

A: Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Appendix

Which of the following means the same as lower back? A: Lumber B: Pelvic C: Inguinal D: Gluteal

A: Lumbar

______: two or more components physically intermixed. A: Mixtures B: Compounds C: Elements

A: Mixtures

A _____ gas is a chemically inert element. A: Noble B: Stable C: Equal

A: Noble

Which of the following is the most complex level of organization? A: Organ System B: Macromolecule C: Organ D: Organelle

A: Organ System

The ____ layer lines the body cavity. A: Parietal B: Visceral C: Pleural

A: Parietal

In ____ feedback systems, the output enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus. A: Positive B: Negative C: Neutral

A: Positive

Protons have a ___ charge. A: Positive B: Negative C: Neutral

A: Positive

Exergonic: _____ energy. A: Release B: Require C: Gain

A: Release

Endergonic: ____ additional energy input A: Requires B: Decomposes

A: Requires

The human liver is primarily located in the: A: Right upper quadrant of the abdominal area B: Left lower quadrant of the abdominal area C: Right iliac region D: Left hypochondriac region

A: Right upper quadrant of the abdominal area

_____ particles move faster. A: Smaller B: Larger

A: Smaller

Water is a _____. A: Solvant B: Solution

A: Solvant

The Left Upper Quadrant contains: A: Stomach, Pancreas, Spleen, part of Large and Small Intestine B: Appendix, Stomach, Spleen C: Liver, Gallbladder, Spleen D: Large and Small Intestine

A: Stomach, Pancreas, Spleen, part of Large and Small Intestine

Anatomy is to _____ as physiology is to ______. A: Structure, Functions B: Function, Form C: Growth, Form D: Structure, Form E: Form, Structure

A: Structure, Functions

The speed or rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by all of the following except: A: The presence or absence of carbon B: The concentration of the reactants C: The presence of catalysis or enzymes D: The temperature

A: The presence or absence of carbon

_____ is not considered to be a factor in influencing a reaction A: Time B: Particle Size C: Temperature D: Concentration

A: Time

Another word to describe Anterior is: A: Ventral B: Inferior C: Dorsal

A: Ventral

The ______ layer lines the outer wall of organs. A: Visceral B: Pleural C: Pericardial

A: Visceral

Ions with a negative charge are called

Anions

The term brachial refers to the

Arm

______ are the smallest piece of an element.

Atoms

IF atom X has an atomic number of 74 and is NOT an isotope it would have ________. A: 74 protons and no neutrons B: 74 protons and 74 neutrons C: 37 protons and 37 neutrons D: 37 electrons

B: 74 protons and 74 neutrons

DNA contains each of the following components, except ________. A: 5-Carbon Sugar B: A Single Polynucleotide Chain C: Phosphate Group D: Organic base

B: A Single Polynucleotide Chain

____ gain electrons - makes them negatively charged. A: Polar Bonds B: Anions C: Cations

B: Anions

The Pelvic Cavity contains the ______, ______, & _____. A: Heart, Lungs, Brain B: Bladder, Rectum, Reproductive Organs C: Spinal Cord, Rectum, Bladder D: Intestines, Lungs, Heart

B: Bladder, Rectum, Reproductive Organs

The Cranial Cavity contains the _____. A: Lungs B: Brain C: Bladder D: Spinal Cord

B: Brain

Another word to describe Inferior is: A: Cranial B: Caudal C: Dorsal

B: Caudal

Ionic Bonds result in atoms being _____. A: Electronegative B: Charged C: Neutralized

B: Charged

_____ Energy is stored in chemical bonds. A: Electrical B: Chemical C: Mechanical

B: Chemical

Which of the following means the same as frontal? A: Transverse B: Coronal C: Sagittal D: Occipital

B: Coronal

The Dorsal Cavity contains the ______ Cavity & the _____ Cavity. A: Cranial & Thoracic B: Cranial & Vertebral C: Pelvic & Thoracic

B: Cranial & Vertebral

H2CO3 --> CO2+H2O This is an example of: A: Combination B: Decomposition C: Exchange

B: Decomposition

________: Atoms with six or seven electrons in the valence shells. A: Electropositive B: Electronegative

B: Electronegative

Non-Polar Covalent bonds have a ____ sharing of electrons. A: Unequal B: Equal

B: Equal

Whenever a partially charged hydrogen comes near a partially charged oxygen on another atom, a ____ bond is formed. A: Covalent B: Hydrogen C: Ionic D: Polar Covalent

B: Hydrogen

The navel is ______ to the chin. A: Anterior B: Inferior C: Medial D: Posterior

B: Inferior

the Left Lower Quadrant contains: A: Liver and Gallbladder B: Large and Small Intestine C: Spleen and Small Intestine D: Bladder and Gallbladder

B: Large and Small Intestine

A tumor on the side of the abdomen can be described as being on the _____ surface of the body. A: Anterior B: Lateral C: Medial D: Posterior

B: Lateral

________: two or more components physically intermixed. A: Compound B: Mixture

B: Mixture

Which of the following is not as abundant as the others in living cells? A: Na B: Mn C: P D: N

B: Mn

______ are the smallest unit of a compound. A: Atoms B: Molecules

B: Molecules

Anatomy is a term which means the study of ______. A: Physiology B: Morphology C: Cell Functions D: Human Functions

B: Morphology

Which of these is the correct formula for a strong base? A: HCl B: NaOH C: H2SO4 D: H2O

B: NaOH

Electrons have a ___ charge. A: Positive B: Negative C: Neutral

B: Negative

The Mass Number is equal to the number of protons and _____. A: Electrons B: Neutrons C: None

B: Neutrons

Isotopes of the same element cary in the number of _____ they contain. A: Protons B: Neutrons in their nuclei C: Electrons D: Radioactive Particles

B: Neutrons in their nuclei

Non-Polar Covalent bonds have ____ charge. A: Positive B: No C: Negative

B: No

Survival needs of the body include: A: Nutrients, Water, Growth, and Reproduction B: Nutrients, Water, Atmospheric Pressure, and Oxygen C: Water, Atmospheric Pressure, Growth, and Movement D: Nutrients, Water, Movement, and Reproduction

B: Nutrients, Water, Atmospheric Pressure, and Oxygen

The ______ cavity is the portion enclosed by the pelvic bones. A: Abdominopelvic B: Pelvic C: Abdominal D: Thoracic

B: Pelvic

The _____ cavity is filled with serous fluid. A: Synovial B: Pericardial C: Serous

B: Pericardial

Which field, when compared to the others, tends to rely more on experimentation to find new answers? A: Anatomy B: Physiology C: Medical Terminology D: History of Science

B: Physiology

The lungs are located in the following cavities A: Pleural, Dorsal, and Abdominal B: Pleural, Ventral, and Thoracic C: Mediastinum, Thoracic, and Ventral D:Pericardial, Ventral, and Thoracic

B: Pleural, Ventral, and Thoracic

Which term refers to the back of the knee? A: Perineal B: Popliteal C: Pelvic D: Pedal

B: Popliteal

_______: Toward or at the back of the body; behind. A: Superior B: Posterior C: Inferior D: Medial

B: Posterior

The Atomic Number is equal to the number of ______. A: Electrons B: Protons C: Neutrons

B: Protons

______ are dissolved in water. A: Mixture B: Solute

B: Solute

The Vertebral Cavity contains the ______. A: Heart B: Spinal Cord C: Reproductive Organs D: Lungs

B: Spinal Cord

_____ are heterogeneous textures with solutes that tend to settle out. (oil and water) A: Chemical Bonds B: Suspensions C: Mixtures

B: Suspensions

______ increases the rate of a reaction. A: Concentration B: Temperature C: Particle Size

B: Temperature

A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is associated with A: The consumption of energy B: The release of energy C: A Synthesis D: Forming a larger molecule

B: The release of energy

Polar Covalent bonds have an _____ sharing of electrons. A: Equal B: Unequal

B: Unequal

According to the _____ Rule, except for the first shell, atoms try to have ___ electrons in their valence shell. A: Colloid, 6 B: Valence, 8 C: Equal, 8

B: Valence, 8

The lungs are covered by a membrane called the _________. A: Parietal Pleura B: Visceral Pleura C: Parietal Pericardium D: Peritoneum

B: Visceral Pleura

Hydrogen bonds are the ____ bonds. A: Strongest B: Weakest

B: Weakest

Nutrients and oxygen are distributed by the ______.

Blood

A substance with a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.000001 g/L has a pH of _______. A: 2 B: 5 C: 6 D: 7

C: 6

Water tends to dissociate, forming ions; which pH value indicated that the [H+] equals the [OH-]? A: 6 B: 0 C: 7 D: 14

C: 7

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains: A: A dynamic state within an unlimited range B: A static state with no deception from preset points C: A relatively stable internal environment, within limits D: The lowest possible energy usage

C: A relatively stable internal environment, within limits

Select the correct statement about the science of anatomy. A: Our knowledge of human anatomy has remained the same since the time of the ancient Greeks and Romans B: Anatomy is concerned with the function of body parts C: Anatomy is concerned with the structure of body parts D: The functional role of a body part has little to do with how the part is constructed

C: Anatomy is concerned with the structure of body parts

_____ lost electrons - makes them positively charged. A: Covalent Bonds B: Anions C: Cations

C: Cations

The differences between mixtures and compounds include: A: Compounds are formed from two atoms, while mixtures are formed from three or more atoms B: Components forming a mixture can NOT be separated by physical means C: Chemical bonding does not occur between the components of a mixture D: Mixtures are homogeneous-samples taken from any part are identical to ones taken from any other area

C: Chemical bonding does not occur between the components of a mixture

_____ are heterogeneous mixtures whose solutes so not settle out. A: Solutions B: Mixtures C: Colloids

C: Colloids

Another word to describe Superior is: A: Posterior B: Caudal C: Cranial

C: Cranial

_____ Energy is the result from movement of charged particles. A: Chemical B: Radiant C: Electrical

C: Electrical

Which of the following does not belong with the others? A: Proton B: Neutron C: Electron D: Nucleus

C: Electron

_____ also help seed up reactions. A: Particle Size B: Concentration C: Enzymes

C: Enzymes

AB+C --> AC+B This is an example of: A: Combination B: Decomposition C: Exchange

C: Exchange

Radioactive isotopes emit energy or particles until they reach a stable form. Which type of radiation emitted by a radioactive isotope can be the most penetrating, and thus the most damaging, to living things? A: Alpha Radiation B: Beta Radiation C: Gamma Radiation D: Atomic Radiation

C: Gamma Radiation

The Thoracic Cavity contains the _____ and _____. A: Rectum & Bladder B: Diaphragm & Intestines C: Heart & Lungs D: Heart & Intestines

C: Heart & Lungs

Opposite charges are attracted to each other in a _____ bond. A: Ionic B: Covalent C: Hydrogen

C: Hydrogen

The symbol Na+ is used to describe a sodium ______. A: Atom B: Free Radical C: Ion D: Molecule

C: Ion

The Atomic Weight is the average of the mass numbers and all of their ______. A: Protons B: Neutrons C: Isotopes

C: Isotopes

An electrically neutral atom bears what trait? A: It contains protons in its nucleus B: It contains the same number of protons and neutrons C: It contains the same number of electrons and protons D: It contains electrons in its electron shells

C: It contains the same number of electrons and protons

The lower arm is _____ to t he stomach area, while the head is ______ to the stomach. A: Medial, Peripheral B: Proximal, Anterior C: Lateral, Superior D: Inferior, Superficial

C: Lateral, Superior

The _______ system is responsible for transporting fluid and also houses the body's disease-fighting cells. A: Integumentary B: Cardiovascular C: Lymphatic D: Digestive

C: Lymphatic

______: Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of. A: Anterior B: Superior C: Medial D: Posterior

C: Medial

Neutrons have a ____ charge. A: Positive B: Negative C: Neutral

C: Neutral

The type of lipid responsible for forming the basic bilayer structure of a cell membrane is a _______ molecule. A: Glycerol B: Steroid C: Phospholipid D: Hormone

C: Phospholipid

_____ Energy travels in waves. A: Chemical B: Mechanical C: Radiant

C: Radiant

Chemical reactions occur as bonds are formed or broken between molecules. The molecules that are changed by a reaction are called _________. A: Products B: Ions C: Reactants D: Acids

C: Reactants

A ______ section divides the body into right and left portions. A: Coronal B: Transverse C: Sagittal D: Oblique

C: Sagittal

The head is _______ to the abdomen. A: Inferior B: Medial C: Superior D: Posterior

C: Superior

Which of the following includes the other terms? A: Cell B: Tissue C: System D: Organ

C: System

The Ventral Cavity contains the _____ Cavity & the _____ Cavity. A: Pelvic & Thoracic B: Pelvic & Cranial C: Thoracic & Abdominopelvic

C: Thoracic & Abdominolpelvic

Chemically Inert Elements have their _______ shell filled (8 electrons). A: Colloid B: Chemical C: Valence

C: Valence

Which of the following terms cannot be properly paired? A: Cranial, Skull B: Frontal, Forehead C: Nasal, Buccal D: Orbital, Eyes

C; Nasal, Buccal

CO2+H2O --> H2CO3 Which of these is the reactant?

CO2+H2O

Ca is the atomic symbol for?

Calcium

C is the atomic symbol for?

Carbon

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1: Tissues 2: Cells 3: Organ Systems 4: Organs 5: Organism

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organism

Cl is the atomic symbol for?

Chlorine

Choose the correct statement about proteins and their structure. A: Hydrogen bonding rarely occurs in proteins B: Most proteins are made from a short chain of amino acids C: A denatured protein is equally effective as the protein in its original shape D: A protein's conformation determines its function

D: A protein's conformation determines its function

Which of the following terms means the same as ventral in humans? A: Dorsal B: Posterior C: Medial D: Anterior

D: Anterior

What is the sum of the neutrons plus protons equal to? A: Atomic Number B: Mass Number C: Atomic Symbol D: Atomic Weight

D: Atomic Weight

The _______ of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk. A: Dorsal Cavity B: Appendicular Portion C: Ventral Cavity D: Axial Portion

D: Axial Portion

The Breastbone is ______ to the spine. A: Anterior B: Superior C: Ventral D: Both A & C

D: Both A & C

Which of these molecular formulas represents both molecule and compound? A: H2 B: )2 C: N2 D: C6H1206

D: C6H1206

Of the following, which represents an organic compoud? A: H2O B: O2 C: Nitrous Oxide D: C6H12O6

D: C6H12O6

The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are: A: Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Calcium B: Sodium, Potassium, Hydrogen, Oxygen C: Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Calcium, Sodium D: Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

D: Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

Which of the following paris of terms is NOT correct? A: Ophthalmic, Eyes B: Pectoral, Chest C: Axillary, Armpit D: Costal, Abdomen

D: Costal, Abdomen

Which of the following would not be functional characteristics of life? A: Maintenance of boundaries B:Responsiveness to external stimuli C: Movement D:Decay

D: Decay

The reaction NaCl # Na+ + Cl-, as written, represents what type of reaction? A: Synthesis Reaction B: Decomposition Reaction C: Exchange Reaction D: Reversible Reaction

D: Decomposition Reaction

A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n) A: Receptor B: Stimulus C: Hypothalamus D: Effector E: Thermoregulator

D: Effector

Ionic bonds are formed when: A: A pair of electrons is shared unequally by two atoms B: Two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time C: Hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms D: Electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another E: Atoms share electrons

D: Electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another

The ______ system includes all the glands that secrete hormones. A: Muscular B: Lymphatic C: Nervous D: Endocrine

D: Endocrine

The Right Upper Quadrant contains: A: Stomach, Pancreas, Appendix B: Liver, Gallbladder, Stomach C: Stomach, Pancreas, Spleen, part of Small Intestine D: Liver, Gallbladder, part of Large Intestine

D: Liver, Gallbladder, part of Large Intestine

The heart is _____ to the arm. A: Dorsal B: Inferior C: Ventral D:Medial

D: Medial

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease body temperature. This is an example of A: Positive feedback B: Diagnostic regulation C: Nonhomeostatic regulation D: Negative feedback E: Disease

D: Negative Feedback

Skin or bone is an example of what level of organization? A: Tissue B: Cell C: Macromolecule D: Organ

D: Organ

Which one of the following traits is not a characteristic of life shared by all organisms? A: Circulation B: Digestion C: Growth D: Photosynthesis

D: Photosynthesis

A study dealing with the explanations of how an organ works would be an example of ______. A: Anatomy B: Cytology C: Teleology D: Physiology

D: Physiology

The heart is _____ to the breastbone. A: Medial B: Caudal C: Superior D: Posterior

D: Posterior

A fatty acid in which the carbon atoms are all inked by single carbon - carbon bonds is said to be ________. A: Polyunsaturated B: Monounsaturated C: Linked D: Saturated

D: Saturated

_______: Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above. A: Inferior B: Anterior C: Medial D: Superior

D: Superior

Chemically Reactive Elements DO/DO NOT have their Valence shells filled.

Do Not

_____ Covalent Bond: Two pairs of electrons are shared.

Double

Which body cavity contains the esophagus and pericardial activity? A: Thoracic Cavity B: Mediastinum C: Pelvic Cavity D: Abdominal Cavity E: A & B

E: A & B

The heart is located in which body cavity? A: Ventral B: Pericardial C: Mediastinum D: Thoracic E: All of the above

E: All of the above

______: capacity to do work / put matter into motion

Energy

Axillary refers to the lower arm. (T/F)

False

Chemical bonds usually involve neutrons. (T/F)

False

Hydrogen bonds are created by atoms equally sharing electrons. (T/F)

False

The spleen is found in the right upper quadrant. (T/F)

False

The frontal plane splits the body into ______ & ______ sections.

Front & Back

CO2+H2O --> H2CO3 Which of these is the product?

H2CO3

______ means maintaining a balance within a certain range.

Homeostasis

H is the atomic symbol for?

Hydrogen

I is the atomic symbol for?

Iodine

What are the three types of chemical bonds?

Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen

Fe is the atomic symbol for?

Iron

What are the two types of energy?

Kinetic & Potential

The medial plane separates the body into _____ & ______ sections.

Left & Right

Mg is the atomic symbol for?

Magnesium

______: anything that has mass and takes up space

Matter

N is the atomic symbol for?

Nitrogen

Are there chemical b bonds in mixtures? YES/NO

No

O is the atomic symbol for?

Oxygen

P is the atomic symbol for?

Phosphorus

K is the atomic symbol for?

Potassium

A vertical section through the body dividing it into left and right, is called

Sagittal

_____ Covalent Bond: One pair of electrons is shared.

Single

Na is the atomic symbol for?

Sodium

What are the three states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas

S is the atomic symbol for?

Sulfur

The transverse plane splits the body into ______ & _______ sections.

Top & Bottom

_____ Covalent Bond: Three pairs of electrons are shared.

Triple

All chemical reactions are theoretically reversible. TRUE/FALSE

True

Compounds are ALWAYS homogeneous. TRUE/FALSE

True

Hydrogen bonds produce partial negative and partial positive charges. TRUE/FALSE

True

Mixtures CAN be heterogeneous. TRUE/FALSE

True

Polar Covalent bonds are charged. TRUE/FALSE

True

The strongest types of bonds are non-polar covalent. (T/F)

True

Metabolic wastes are eliminated by the _____ and _____ systems.

Urinary, Respiratory

Can mixtures be separated by physical means? YES/NO

Yes