Bio370 Ch. 16
What industrial approach follows the same process in which natural systems handle waste?
biomimicry
Toxic waste can be disposed of through ________ , which is a process where bacteria and enzymes help to destroy hazardous substances or convert them to harmless compounds.
bioremediation
What is a good way for a manufacturer of goods to reduce solid waste production?
develop products that are easy to repair, reuse, remanufacture, compost, or recycle
Deep-well disposal is often a permanent solution for hazardous waste disposal.
false
Land becomes useless after it is used as a sanitary landfill.
false
Surface impoundments have the advantage of nearly zero water and air pollution.
false
Waste-to-energy incineration is likely to lead to much less resource production.
false
While rechargeable batteries create less solid waste, they actually create more toxic waste.
false
According to the EPA, all ________ are likely to leak and could contaminate groundwater.
impoundment liners
From an environmental standpoint, the first three Rs (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse) are preferred because they are ________ approaches that tackle the problem of waste production before it occurs.
input
Most municipal solid waste in the U.S. will end up in a(n) ________ .
landfill
Sanitary landfills are covered daily with ________ to help keep material dry and prevent leaks.
layers of clay or plastic foam
Some landfills also have systems for collecting ________ and burning it as a fuel.
methane
Huge quantities of plastic bags and other plastic products and solid wastes end up in ________ .
oceans
Sanitary landfills represent a(n) ________ approach that encourages waste production.
output
Various plants have been identified as ________ that can be used to help clean up soil and water that is contaminated with chemicals.
pollution sponges
In ________ recycling, materials such as aluminum cans are recycled into new products of the same type.
primary
Waste ________ is a process in which we produce much less solid waste, and the wastes we do produce are considered to be potential resources that we can reuse, recycle, or compost.
reduction
Cities that make money by recycling and that have higher recycling rates tend to use a(n) ________ system for both recyclable and nonrecyclable materials.
single-pickup
________ waste is any discarded material or substance that threatens human health or the environment.
toxic
A disadvantage of a waste-to-energy incinerator is the emission of CO2.
true
A disadvantage of recycling is that it can cost more than sending waste to a landfill.
true
Cooking with whole fresh foods is a sustainable way to avoid creating waste.
true
Hazardous waste recycling and reduction in the United States could be substantially reduced through clearinghouses.
true
In Ireland, a tax of approximately 25¢ per bag helped to cut plastic bag litter by 90% as people switched to reusable bags.
true
Many resource experts believe that we are doing the opposite of what we should be doing with solid waste.
true
More-developed countries such as the United States produce most of the world's hazardous waste.
true
Renting, borrowing, and bartering for goods and services is a good way to for individuals to address our solid waste problems.
true
Some resource experts propose that we should change the name of the trash we produce from municipal solid waste to mostly wasted resources.
true
The city of Fort Worth, Texas went from losing money in its recycling program to making a substantial profit because of increased sales of recycled materials to industries.
true
