Biol 1001 Chaper 19 Quiz

Carbon returns to the atmosphere ?

(All answers are correct) -from respiration of animals -by the burning of fossil fuels -from respiration of plants -as carbon dioxide

The photic zone:

(All answers are correct) -is very shallow -has an abundance of photosynthetic organisms -is an area with sufficient light for photosynthesis -has the most nutrients closer to land

Select all of the following statements that are true about biomes

-Aquatic biomes occupy more space on Earth than terrestrial biomes -A biome's productivity is affected by nonliving (abiotic)factors -Each biome is characterized by a distinctive set of species and a particular climate -Humans are affecting the size of many biomes

Select all of the processes that either add or remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere reservoir.

-Decomposition -Sedimentation -Compression -Dissolution

Select all the storage reservoirs present in the water cycle.

-Fossil Fuels -Industry

Phosphorus is often scarce in soils, so a deficiency in phosphorus may limit plant growth. Plants need this essential element because it is a component of which organic molecules?(select all that apply.)

-Glucose -Proteins

A group of scientists is preparing a lecture that they will give to the public about the importance of sustainable farming practices. They have decided to show the visual below and will discuss the list of topics below. Put the topics in the most logical order to help explain the connection between farming practices and the seasonal collapse of the fishing economy in the Gulf of Mexico. Discuss in this order:

-Nutrients in fertilizers -Erosion and runoff -Algae blooms -Aquatic blooms -Aquatic decomposers -Cellular respiration -Oxygen-starved fish

Select all of the following that describe lakes and ponds.

-Phytoplankton are dominant producers in the photic zone. -light penetrates lake and pond regions to differing degrees

Walleye pike fish are what?

-Tertiary consumers

Select all the statements that describe tundra

-a low-temperature biome -contains abundant lichens -home to caribou, lemmings, shrubs, mosses, and grasses -utilized as breeding habitat for migratory birds

Select all the true statements about temperate coniferous forests.

-most trees are evergreen species, such as spruce ad hemlock -they are characterized by mild winters and abundant rain and fog

Select all of the following that describe chaparral.

-shrubs have thick bark and leathery leaves -dry summers -herbivores include jackrabbits, deer, birds, and rodents -susceptible to fires

As an overall average, about ? of the energy at one trophic level is generally available to the next highest rank in the food chain?

10%

A 20-kilogram river otter (a tertiary consumer) requires the energy harnessed by about ? kg if primary producers. Assume that 90% of the energy at each trophic level is lost as heat.

20,000

A population of otters (tertiary consumers) lives in an ecosystem in which mercury is at a concentration of 0.004 g/kg in primary producers. What is the approximate concentration of mercury in otters? Assume that 90% of the energy at each trophic level is lost as heat, and that mercury is excreted or breaks down through the food web.

4 g/kg

A coral reef is a complex ? of calcium carbonate shells that are home to microbes. algae, invertebrates, and fish .. productivity helps provide great species richness.

Biome

What process in the carbon cycle had increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and in the ocean, causing damage to ecosystems?

Burning fossil fuels

Match each process of the nitrogen cycle with the form of nitrogen that is produced.

Combustion:NO2 Decomposition:NH4+ Nitrogen Fixation: NH4+ Denitrification:N2 Nitrification:NO3-

Classify the terms as most closely related to either an ecosystem or a community .

Ecosytem: -Atom transfer from biotic to abiotic reservoir -Biochemical cycle -Energy pyramid Community: -Mutualism -Predation -Competitive exclusion -Coevolution

T/F Examples of terrestrial biomes are grasslands, forests, lakes, and deserts.

False

T/F The species that appear in a climax community usually are short-lived, early-maturing, r-selected species that are strong... compe... of environment.

False

Review investigating life 19.1. Which sampling site had the highest proportion of heavily infected monarchs?

Gulf Coast

? bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates to N2.

In denitrification

Along coastlines, the area between high tide and low tide is the ?

Intertidal Zone

How might you add "Keystone Species" to the concept map?

Keystone species influence the diversity of communities

What is the main nonliving reservoir of phosphorus?

Rocks and Soil

Categorize the processes of the water cycle based on what storage reservoir the water is entering.

Rocks/Soil: Percolation Organisms: Drinking/Absorption Rain or snow: Precipitation Atmosphere: Evaporation

Why are there seldom food chains with more than four levels?

There is not enough energy available to a fifth level.

Within convection cells, warm moist air rises from the equator and descends at 20-30 degrees from the equator. Convectional responsible for the distribution of which two biomes?

Tropical rain forests and subtropical deserts

T/F Competitive exclusion says that two species trying to occupy the same niche in the same ecosystem will not be able .. species ultimately outcompeting the other.

True

T/F Nitrogen gas makes up more of the atmosphere than any other type of molecule.

True

T/F Raw sewage affects nutrient flow through an ecosystem more than energy flow.

True

T/F The reliance of a plant on one type of insect for pollination and that insect having only the nectar of that plant as its food of coevolution.

True

If you went diving in a freshwater lake, you would see very few rooted aquatic plants after a certain depth. What limits plant growth in water?

a lack of light

The concentration of the pesticide DDT is likely highest in which organism?

a seagull

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic component or condition of an ecosystem?

archaea

"Net primary productivity" is the amount of energy :

available for consumers

Coral obtains energy by?

capturing and digesting small animals and through symbiosis with photosynthetic algae

The ? states that two species cannot coexist indefinitely in the same niche

competitive exclusion principle

The taiga ?

consists of mostly coniferous trees.

If global temperatures increase, which biome will the Boundary Waters Canoe Area (BWCA) turn into?

deciduos forest

As temperatures in an African savanna increase and rainfall decreases, it would most likely change into ?

desert

All the organisms plus the nonliving components of a defined area is a(n) ?

ecosystem

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of soybeans help provide a source of nitrogen to the plants, and in exchange , the bacteria obtain food from the plants. Which type of interaction is this?

mutualism

Abiotic components of an ecosystem include?

nonliving components only

Herbivory has the same effect on the two species involved as does?

parasitism

A relationship between different species in which one species lives in or on another is ?

symbiosis

The Boundary Waters Canoe Area (BWCA) is an example of which biome?

temperate coniferous forest

If a person takes an antibiotic for a bacterial infection, this can reduce the amount of bacteria in their normal microbiota and allow yeast in the genitourinary tract to flourish, which could result in a yeast infection. This is an example of ?

the competitive exclusion principle

Which of the following eats free-floating photosynthetic organisms found in lakes?

zooplankton