BIOL - 1322 Chapter 12

Approximately what percent of Americans take dietary supplements?

50%

Which statement best describes the term dietary supplement?

A dietary supplement is a food or substance that supplements the diet and contains one or more dietary ingredients.

Which statement is TRUE regarding a structure/function claim?

A structure/function claim is made when a supplement may improve general well-being.

When choosing a multivitamin supplement, what should one do?

Choose supplements carefully to avoid interactions with prescription or over-the-counter drugs.

What law expanded the authority of the FDA to oversee new dietary ingredients?

Food Safety Modernization Act

What is the main difference between functional foods and dietary supplements?

Functional foods are foods that naturally contain or have been enhanced with health promoting nutrients; supplements are substances that are intended to supplement the diet.

Which statement best describes the term Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)?

GRAS additives have been adequately shown by experts to be adequately safe to use.

GRAS stands for:

Generally Recognized as Safe.

Which of the following statements would be considered a selected qualified health claim?

Green tea may reduce the risk of breast or prostate cancer. The FDA has established there is little scientific evidence for this claim.

Which of the following is NOT true of herbal supplements?

Herbal supplement are always safe to take if the product directions are followed.

Where on the Supplement Facts Panel would you find information on binders, fillers, or flavors?

Ingredients Not Listed Above

Which of the following is NOT true of botanical supplements?

Natural botanical supplements are nothing like prescription drugs.

Which of the following claims could NOT appear on a supplement label without FDA approval?

Reduces depression.

What is one new regulation proposed under the Food Safety Modernization Act?

Safety must be proven through a history of documentation detailing dosage, frequency, and duration of use.

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about dietary supplements?

The FDA approves new dietary ingredients in supplements before they are sold.

Which of the following statements about the Supplement Facts Panel is TRUE?

The scientific names of botanicals are not always required.

Which of the following types of statements is NOT allowed in structure/function claims?

The supplement may improve signs or symptoms associated with a disease.

Why might a vegan require dietary supplementation?

Vegans do not consume animal products such as dairy and meat

Health claims can be made when:

a supplement is proven to reduce the risk of disease.

Which of the following CORRECTLY completes this sentence? The FDA monitors supplements for:

adverse effects.

Which of the following is NOT required on a supplement label?

an expiration date

Phytochemicals have _____ or hormone-like properties which help to reduce the risk of disease.

antioxidant

Most individuals in the United States who take supplements:

are in good health.

The most common dietary supplement(s) used by Americans:

are multivitamin and multimineral supplements.

A plant or plant part that is valued for its health promoting properties is known as a _____.

botanical

Which of the following will NOT be listed on the Supplement Facts Panel in decreasing order of predominance by weight?

botanicals

Which of the following is NOT a dietary ingredient?

cellulose

Which is NOT a function of probiotics in the body?

displace beneficial intestinal bacteria

The term natural:

does not mean a product is safe or effective.

Which type of foods would be a good source of probiotics?

fermented foods including dairy

Which botanical supplement offers cardiovascular benefits?

hawthorn

For which of the following situations is the use of a multivitamin or multimineral supplement NOT justified by scientific evidence of a beneficial effect?

healthy adults

Which of the following is NOT something that would make a food a functional food?

hormones

Who might greatly benefit from a multivitamin supplement?

individuals with limited food choices

Which of the following is NOT required on supplement labels?

known adverse effects

What information would NOT be found on a Supplement Facts Panel?

manufacturer information

Functional foods are also called _____.

nutraceuticals

A disclaimer stating that the FDA has NOT evaluated statements made on the product label must be included on the label of:

only supplements that make structure/function claims.

Compounds found in foods that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut are:

prebiotics.

Foods that contain live cultures of beneficial bacteria are:

probiotics.

What is a possible benefit of consuming licorice root?

protection against liver damage

"Psyllium husk may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, although the FDA has concluded that there is very little scientific evidence for this claim." What type of statement is this?

qualified health claim

Which of the following would NOT be allowed on the Nutrition Facts Panel of a food but would be found listed in a Supplement Facts Panel?

resveratrol

Which governmental agency is responsible for the regulation of dietary supplements?

the Food and Drug Administration

Which factor determines if probiotics can effectively improve gut health?

the availability of prebiotic foods such as grains, legumes, and vegetables

Which of the following information for botanical ingredients will NOT be displayed in the Supplement Facts Panel?

the country of the ingredient's origin

The reference book Herbs of Commerce lists:

the standardized common names of botanicals.

Which of the following is NOT regulated by DSHEA?

topical oils

Which of the following choices CORRECTLY matches an individual's circumstances with the recommended supplement?

vegans - vitamin B12

Which is one of the MOST common dietary supplements consumed by Americans?

vitamin D

Ingredients in dietary supplements with GRAS status:

were in the food supply prior to implementation of DSHEA.

Which is NOT an example of a dietary supplement?

whole foods

Which individual would likely benefit from consuming a dietary supplement?

women who may become pregnant