Biology : 10. PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF BIOLOGY
A man drinks swamp water and later contracts malaria. This fact alone does not provide conclusive evidence that swamp water is responsible for causing malaria. To draw a valid conclusion a _____0_____ experiment is needed involving only one ___1____ Factor.
0: controlled 1: variable
metabolism
All of the chemical processes in an organism that provide for the maintenance and functioning of the organism
of life are used to determine if an organism possesses life.
Characteristics
The facts of science reveals God as the
Creator and Sustainer
As an organism develops from an embryo, its complex organization must be directed by specific instruction of the ___ molecule
DNA
Which of the following questions cannot be answered by science? What is an element? Is this a good painting? How do animals digest their food? How does a computer work?
Is this a good painting?
results in a variation of traits in the offspring of successive generations.
Sexual reproduction
adaptability
The change by a living organism after successive generations in response to a change in the environment.
growth
The increase in size of cell or number of cells in an organism.
reproduction
The production of new organisms for the perpetuation of the species.
irritability
The sensitivity to the environmental change.
structure
The substance that produces form in an organism or system.
Which of the following is a reliable source of background information for researching a problem? any Internet site a popular magazine an encyclopedia a scientific journal
a scientific journal
All research data must be recorded
accurately
Anyone documenting research data must be record it __________ without regarding his/her own presuppositions.
accurately
Transmits the environmental stimulus from the receptor to the integrating center
afferent pathway
The traits of successive generations: are acquired by environmental influences are acquired by the activities, successes and failures of its parents are acquired solely from genetic information inherited from ancestors all of the above
are acquired solely from genetic information inherited from ancestors
The replication of a parent cell or organism producing a genetically identical offspring
asexual reproduction
A substance that is capable of destroying living organisms
biocide
All the communities and ecosystems found under a given set of climactic conditions
biome
The portion of the earth's surface, water, and air that can support life
biosphere
The first level of organization which exhibits the characteristics of life is: human organelle cell animal organic compound plant organism atom molecule tissue organ
cell
The simplest structure that exhibits all of the characteristics of life
cell
Scientists distinguish whether an entity is living or nonliving by describing the _____ of life. length value quality characteristics
characteristics
Epinephrine, insulin, and auxins are all examples of ___________ __________ that help produce feedback.
chemical transmitters
Genes may carry hereditary information on segments of the DNA molecule known as
chromosomes
The interacting populations within a geographic area
community
When two experiments are identical except for one variable, the experiment is called a ______ experiment
controlled
the testing of a hypothesis in duplicate with only one factor being different
controlled experiment
As a result of the negative feedback biologic mechanism, the output of the receptor will: start stop increase decrease
decrease
Before forming a hypothesis, a scientist must first _____. define the problem define the variables collect information disprove a theory
define the problem
The process by which a cell gives rise to cells different from itself and from one another
differentiation
The system of taxonomy used in biology and other life sciences is made possible because of: similarity of life distinct diversity of life continuous divergence of life unity of life
distinct diversity of life
An ecosystem becomes more stable as the _________ of the community increases.
diversity
Scientists use the characteristics of life to determine life on what and where
earth and other planets.
The role or position that a species occupies in a community
ecological niche
A system formed by the interactions of communities of organisms with each other and the environment
ecosystem
The structure that gives the response to an environmental change
effector
The means by which the integrating center regulates the effector to respond to a stimulus
efferent pathway
All living organisms respond to things in the what what what and what
environment, including light, heat, gravity, and other environmental stimuli.
An organized process that is used to gather and analyze observations and test a hypothesis is a(n) _____. scientific law experiment problem theory
experiment
An experiment which _____ __ ______ a hypothesis will often provide a new direction for the researcher.
fails to verify
more cells
growth
The environmental situation in which an organism is generally found
habitat
A rejection of either science or scripture is usually due to a failure of understanding the _________ between the two.
harmony
The maintenance of a relatively constant state in the internal environment of an organism
homeostasis
Walter B. Cannon coined the term ___________ to describe the process of maintaining the internal environment in a relatively constant condition.
homeostasis
The biologic mechanism which functions to maintain the internal condition of cells constant is called a ________ control system.
homeostatic
The statement "I believe the plant did not grow because it did not get enough water," is a(n) _____. theory not enough information observation hypothesis
hypothesis
When driving your car, you hear a squeal every time you press the brakes. You decide that there's a mouse trapped in the brakes. This is an example of a _____. hypothesis law theory
hypothesis
an assumed explanation for a problem
hypothesis
educated guess
hypothesis
Interprets the stimulus, and sends information via the efferent pathway to give a response
integrating center
The nineteenth-century physiologist Claude Bernard first recognized that the vital biological mechanisms all function to preserve the _______ environment
internal
Excess and waste are removed by processes in the:_____. Select all that apply. intestines kidneys liver heart stomach
intestines kidneys liver
The living organism has specialized structures that provide information about the changes in the environment. This characteristic of life is called
irritability
aware of change
irritability
(Select all that apply.) Characteristics which are always present in living organisms are _____. complexity irritability adaptability response movement metabolism sensitivity growth reproduction
irritability adaptability response metabolism growth reproduction
Plant and animal cells store sugar by means of ___________ molecules called starch and glycogen in order to keep the osmotic pressure in the cell constant.
large
The word biology means the study of _____. plants animals life organisms
life
The ability to obtain nutrients, take in oxygen, and transform them into energy and cellular components is called
metabolism
The total of all chemical processes in an organism is termed
metabolism
move about
mobility
The scientific method is used to investigate phenomena that occur in ________.
nature
Cell division that produces two daughter cells that are identical to the original parent cell.
negative feedback
If a crystal enlarges as new molecules are added, is this a form of biological "growth"? yes no
no
If a rock disintegrates by chemical weathering into small grains of similar composition, would this be considered reproduction? no yes
no
It is not always possible to clearly distinguish life from what
non-life.
Scientists today learn about the world by _____. changing scientific laws observing, measuring, testing, and explaining their ideas formulating conclusions without testing them using untested hypotheses to revise theories
observing, measuring, testing, and explaining their ideas
A structure composed of several tissues all acting together to provide a specific function
organ
The union of several organs to provide a larger function
organ system
A structure within a cell having a definite function
organelle
A living thing composed of several organ systems
organism
Enzymes responsible for regulating chemical reactions in the organism are sensitive to delicate changes in temperature, chemical environment, and _________
pH
A group of interacting individuals of the same species within the same geographic area
population
Any green plant that traps the sun's rays and converts them to chemical energy
producer
Relates environmental change to the integrating center via the afferent pathway
receptor
One advantage of recording data accurately is that you can _____. control the results repeat the experiment avoid having to analyze your data eliminate mistakes
repeat the experiment
In order for an organism to exhibit continuation of its kind, _____ is essential. reproduction irritability metabolism response
reproduction
exact copies
reproduction
The action of the effector after an environmental change
response
Scientists use experiments and observations to make logical conclusions about scientific inquiries. This process is called the _____. scientific process scientific inquiry scientific method scientific experiment
scientific method
a recognized means of inquiry to provide scientific answers to questions
scientific method
The world wide web (Internet) may be used in the _________
scientific method.
The offspring obtains half of its hereditary information from each parent
sexual reproduction
When comparing scientific theory with scripture, it is important to separate observed facts from _______.
speculation
A change in the environment
stimulus
Cells in plant leaves which open and close to maintain homeostasis are called
stomata
Early man explained observed events of nature in terms of
superstitions, guesses, or logical evaluations.
If after extensive research, the expected observations predicted by a theory fail to materialize: the theory formulated through experimentation should never be retracted the theory is confirmed the theory is probably false the theory should be abandoned or modified
the theory formulated through experimentation should never be retracted the theory is probably false
If after extensive research, the expected observations predicted by a theory fail to materialize: the theory is probably false the theory is confirmed the theory should be abandoned or modified the theory formulated through experimentation should never be retracted
the theory is probably false the theory should be abandoned or modified
A hypothesis that appears to be supported by experiments may be elevated to a general _____. inquiry theory hypothesis experiment
theory
If repeated observations and experiments yield the same results, then the explanation is a _____. scientific law theory hypothesis problem
theory
supported by evidence gathered over a period of time
theory
A group of cells that have the same structure and function
tissue
When a group of cells have similar function, they are called _____. organs tissues systems organism
tissues
The response of an effector is: to counteract the original stimulus that triggered the series of events to relate the change to the integrating center via the afferent pathway to cause the environmental stimulus to transmit an output in response to the total afferent input
to counteract the original stimulus that triggered the series of events
What is the purpose of the chemical transmitter in a control system? to enter a cell at a specific receptor site to increase the external stimulus acting on the cell to decrease the internal stimulus to neutralize the stimulus at the plasma membrane cause an internal cell reaction which maintains homeostasis
to enter a cell at a specific receptor site cause an internal cell reaction which maintains homeostasis
An excellent tool for testing a theory is: more experiments the theory formulated through experiment should never be retracted verifying deductive predictions its compatibility to the original hypothesis
verifying deductive predictions
A marine biologist wants to investigate the effect of ocean tides on certain aquatic ecosystems. Can this be studied by the scientific method. yes no
yes
