Biology 1308 Chapter 3
What are three components of early cell theory?
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. cells represent the smallest unit of life that function independently. cells emerge from pre-existing cells
Phospholipid molecules are comprised of A phosphate group Glycerol Two fatty acid tails B & C All of the above
All of the above
The cytoskeleton is comprised of Microtubules Intermediate filaments Microfilaments A & B All of the above
All of the above
Proteins synthesized by the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) will____________ remain inside the cell's cytoplasm be either transported to the cell membrane or excreted from the cell be modified, sorted and shipped at the Golgi apparatus B and C all of the above
B and C
What is the smallest unit of life that is capable of functioning independently?
Cell
What organelle is said to trap energy from the sun to produce glucose and other complex carbohydrate molecules? Chloroplast Central vacuole Golgi apparatus Smooth ER Lysosome
Chloroplast
Which of the following organelles is not found in animal cells? Mitochondrion Chloroplast Nucleus Rough ER Lysosome
Chloroplast
What organelle consists of numerous, short extensions that enable some cells to move? Flagellum Mitochondria Rough ER Cilia Golgi apparatus
Cilia
Which of the following cell features are seen in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Cytoplasm DNA Nucleus Cell Membrane Golgi Apparatus RNA Ribosomes Proteins
DNA Cell Membrane RNA Ribosomes Proteins
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryote
Which of the following statements best describes the sequence of organelle activity that is needed to produce proteins that are destined to be transported to the cell membrane or secreted from the cell? nucleus --> Golgi apparatus --> vesicle --> smooth ER --> vesicle nucleus --> rough ER --> vesicle --> Golgi apparatus --> vesicle nucleus --> smooth ER --> vesicle --> Golgi apparatus --> vesicle nucleus --> rough ER --> vesicle --> lysosome --> vesicle
nucleus --> rough ER --> vesicle --> Golgi apparatus --> vesicle
What happens to ribosomes produced by the Rough ER?
These ribosomes will be transported to the cell membrane or out of the cell.
What happens to proteins produced by free ribosomes (not in the Rough ER?
These ribosomes will remain inside the cell.
Lipids and small, nonpolar molecules are able to freely pass through the cell membrane. True False
True
Which organelle is a small membrane-bound sac that transports substances within the cell? Mitochondrion Smooth ER Golgi apparatus Flagellum Central vacuole Cytoskeleton Vesicle Lysosome Rough ER Cilia Nucleus Choloplast
Vesicle
What organisms are made up of Eukaryote cells?
animals, plants, and fungi
What organisms are made up of prokaryotic cells?
bacteria and archeabacteria
What organelles are only found in plant cells?
chloroplast, cell wall, central vacuole
In what way are prokaryotic cells different from eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic cells possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas eukaryotic cells lack these structures Both cell types possess a nucleus, but only eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles Both cell types possess membrane-bound organelles, but only eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus Eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells lack these structures
Eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells lack these structures
The "head" region of a phospholipid molecule is hydrophobic and repels water. True False
False
What cell structure enables bacteria organisms to move from one location to another? Flagella Cell Wall Nucleoid Ribosomes
Flagella
What organelle consists of a tail, whip-like structure that facilitates cell movement? Cilia Golgi apparatus Flagellum Smooth ER Lysosome
Flagellum
Which of the following cell junctions consists of protein tunnels that allow for the exchange of cytoplasm, ions and other signaling molecules between adjacent cells? Anchoring junctions Tight junctions Gap junctions None of the above
Gap junctions
What organelle contains enzymes that degrade cellular debris, food and old organelles? Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus Nucleus Rough ER Lysosome
Lysosome
What organelle corresponds to the letter D in the figure above? Smooth ER Mitochondrion Nucleus Golgi Apparatus Rough ER
Mitochondrion
What organelle is said to act as the energy power plant of eukaryotic cells? Nucleus Lysosome Rough ER Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
What organelle corresponds to letter F in the figure above? Nucleus Golgi Apparatus Rough ER Mitochondrion Flagellum
Nucleus
What organelle stores the genetic information found in the DNA of eukaryotic cells? Lysosome Nucleus Rough ER Mitochondrion Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryote
Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies both poisons and drugs? Vesicle Central vacuole Cilia Lysosome Nucleus Smooth ER Rough ER Flagellum Chloroplast Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
What allows the cell membrane to act as a "selectively permeable" barrier? The hydrophilic head regions of the phospholipid bilayer prevent lipids and small, nonpolar substances from crossing the cell membrane The hydrophilic head regions of the phospholipid bilayer prevent ions and polar substances from crossing the cell membrane The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer prevent ions and polar substances from crossing the cell membrane The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer prevent lipids and nonpolar substances from crossing the cell membrane
The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer prevent ions and polar substances from crossing the cell membrane
The cell membrane can be viewed as a "fluid mosaic" because The membrane is composed of phospholipids and proteins that are fixed or stationary the proteins, but not the phospholipids, that compose the membrane are able to move perpendicularly within the membrane the phospholipids, but not the proteins, that compose the membrane are able to move laterally within the membrane the membrane is composed of phospholipids and proteins that are capable of moving laterally within the membrane
the membrane is composed of phospholipids and proteins that are capable of moving laterally within the membrane
