Biology 141 Test 3 Chapters 6,7,8
How many molecules of O2 are required for one glucose molecule to undergo lactic acid fermentation?
0
How many high energy phosphate bonds are in one molecule of ADP?
1
How many phosphate groups are in AMP?
1
How many net ATP molecules can yeast produce when 6 glucose molecules undergo ethanol fermentation?
12
How many FADH2 molecules are produced during the Krebs cycle when one glucose molecule undergoes aerobic cellular respiration?
2
How many NADH molecules are produced when one glucose molecule undergoes glycolysis?
2
How many carbon atoms are in the acetyl group on one acetyl-CoA molecule?
2
How many nucleotides are found in NAD+?
2
What is the net ATP generated directly during glycolysis per molecule of glucose?
2
How many net ATP molecules (theoretical yield) are produced when one glucose molecule undergoes aerobic cellular respiration (hint: count the ATP produced in all stages)
30 or 32
How many molecules of CO2 are needed to generate one molecule of glucose?
6
Complete this respiration equation: C6H12O6 + _____ --> 6CO2 + 6H20 + _____
6O2
Complete this photosynthesis equation:
6O2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O
Which is the smallest? A. ADP B. ATP C. NAD+ D. NADH E. Sucrase
ADP
The energy stored in carbohydrates must be converted into which before it can be used to do cellular work?
ATP
Which molecule has the most energy?
ATP
How many times faster does an enzyme speed up a chemical reaction?
At least a million times
Which molecules is NOT involved with aerobic respiration? A. alpha-ketoglutarate B. citrate C. ethanol D. oxaloacetate E. pyruvate
C. Ethanol
What is produced during pyruvate oxidation?
CO2 and NADH
In ethanol fermentation when pyruvate is converted into acetaldehyde which takes place?
CO2 is produced
In figure 7.2 what is the substrate for enzyme #4?
D
Which is a catalyst? A. ATP B. glucose C. NAD+ D. Sucrase E. Sucrose
D. sucrase
Which is an enzyme? A. ATP B. Glucose C. NAD+ D. sucrase E. sucrose
D. sucrase
Which phrase defines "reduced"
Electrons added
Which is a reduced coenzyme carrying 2 electrons and 2 protons?
FADH+
What is the correct order in aerobic respiration (ETC = electron transport chain, G = glycolysis, KC = Krebs cycle and PO = pyruvate oxidation)?
G - PO - KC - ETC
What stage of cellular respiration can occur in human cells with or without oxygen present?
Glycolysis
Which is produced by respiration and needed by photosynthesis?
H2O and CO2
As electrons move along the electron transport chain, they lose potential energy. How is the energy that is released used by the cell?
The energy is used to transport protons against their concentration gradient
Which is the characteristic of an enzyme?
They are not used up in the reaction that they catalyze.
What happens to the carbon atoms in glucose as it goes through aerobic respiration?
They are released as CO2
What are the three parts in an ATP molecule?
adenine, 3 phosphate groups, and ribose
In animals that take in oxygen from their environment, glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water in a process called
aerobic respiration
How is energy released from an ATP molecule?
by breaking off 1 or 2 phosphate groups.
In eukaryotes, photosynthesis takes place inside the
chloroplasts
What 6 carbon molecule is produced in the Krebs Cycle when Acetyl CoA adds its acetyl group to oxaloacetate?
citrate
Which molecule has 2 carbon atoms?
ethanol
Which molecule has the most energy?
glucose
What happens to the oxygen that is used in cellular respiration?
it is reduced to form water
Carbon dioxide and water can combine to form glucose, water and oxygen. What is required for that process to occur?
light energy from the sun
What does the electron transport chain do to the outer compartment of the mitochondrion?
makes it more acidic
What organelle uses the energy in glucose to join a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP?
mitochondrion
What cell type produces the least amount of ATP during aerobic cellular respiration?
most eukaryotic cells
Which molecule has 4 carbon atoms?
oxaloacetate
Which summary reaction represents pyruvate oxidation?
pyruvate ---> acetyl-CoA
Which step produces carbon dioxide?
pyruvate oxidation
Which step in aerobic respiration is correctly paired with the net amount of ATP produced from one glucose molecule?
pyruvate oxidation: 0
All of the reactions of cellular respiration that occur after glycolysis take place in what part of the eukaryotic cell?
the mitochondria
In the last step of aerobic cellular respiration oxygen is combined with electrons and protons to produce:
water
What enzyme speeds this reaction: ADP + Pi --> ATP
ATP synthase
Which is true about the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis?
ATP synthase is embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
In figure 7.2 what is the product for enzyme #1?
B
Where in figure 7.1 does the electron transport chain take place?
B
Which is true about FAD?
It is a coenzyme
What is true about glycolysis?
It requires many enzymes.
What do human muscle cells produce under anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions?
Lactic acid
What conversion takes place at the beginning of the electron transport chain?
NADH to NAD+
What is the final acceptor of electrons in aerobic cellular respiration?
O2
What is true about photosynthesis and respiration?
Plants can do both photosynthesis and respiration.
In aerobic respiration, chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by
a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the inner mitochondrial membrane
