Biology

Which of the following are functions of the cytoskeleton?

Cellular structural support Aids in cell division Intracellular transport

Select all of the following that are components of the endomembrane system

Endoplasmic reticulum Vesicles The nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus

The type of reproduction that is most often used by multicellular organisms is

combining an egg and sperm

RNA is produced by

complementary base pairing to a DNA strand

what are the functions of cholesterol

component of the plasma membrane precursor of bile salts precursor of sex hormones

When two atoms share electrons in such a way that each atom has an octet of electrons in its outermost orbital

covalent

The results of a scientific experiment are called

data

What part of a scientific study is often presented in tables and graphs?

data

The valance shell of an atom is important because it

determines many chemical properties of an atom.

The largest classification category, of which Bacteria and Eukarya are examples, is

domain

Studies have shown that ____ cannot function properly unless they remain biologically diverse.

ecosystems

An atom is the smallest unit of a(n)

element

on the periodic table ____ have common physical and chemical characteristics.

elements

the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum are components of the

endomembrane system.

Which of these cells have a membrane-bound nucleus?

eukaryotic

Systematics classifies organisms according to their ___ relationships.

evolutionary

Also known as the independent variable, the factor in an experiment that is being tested is called the

experimental

Which of these is typically used to test a hypothesis?

experimentation

A combination of bonded atoms attached to a carbon skeleton, which always reacts in the same way, is known as a(n)

functional group.

a rise in temperature due to increased carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere

global warming

carbon dioxide and other gases absorbing and radiating heat back to Earth

greenhouse effect

Phospholipid tails are nonpolar and

hydrophobic

A possible explanation for a natural event that is often tested by experimentation is called a(n)

hypothesis

Which characteristic is found in all living organisms?

require energy, responds to stimuli, reproduces

The change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the

responding variable

The change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the

responding variable.

The characteristic of all organisms that describes a change in behavior when a stimulus is introduced is called

response

What cell structure is assembled in the nucleolus of the nucleus?

ribosome

secondarypolypeptide orientation in space, including an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet

secondary

monomer

small subunit of a larger molecule

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are isotopes. Radioactive isotopes are

unstable

Lipids are organic molecule that do not dissolve in

water

Ailments such as H5N1, H1N1, SARS, and MERS are examples of ___, Unavailable diseases, meaning they are relatively new to humans

emergent

As part of the scientific method, observations may be made

both before and after the formation of a hypothesis

What are nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA

In a disaccharide, the monosaccharide subunits are joined together by what type of reaction?

Dehydration

One meter is equal to how many millimeters

1000

Which of the following are the three domains of life?

Archaea Eukarya Bacteria

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius is called

Calorie

Chloroplasts use solar energy to synthesize _____ during a process called photosynthesis.

Carbohydrates

When dissolved in water, an acid releases

H+

Organisms maintain stable internal conditions in a process called

Homeostasis

The chemistry that focuses on molecules such as salts and water that constitute non-living matter, but are still important to living things, is termed

Inorganic

Which of the following are components of the cytoskeleton?

Microtubules Intermediate filaments Actin filaments

The genus that includes the garden pea is PISUM and the species of a specific pea plant is SATIVUM. Choose the correct ways to write the scientific name for this plant

Pisum sativum P. sativum

Phospholipids compose which portion of a cell?

Plasma membrane

What cell structure is assembled in the nucleolus of the nucleus?

Ribosome

what are the functions of fats

Store energy, protect vital organs, and insulation.

Which of the following are functions of intermediate filaments?

Support the nuclear envelope Formation of cell-to-cell junctions Support the plasma membrane

What forms when two or more atoms bond together?

a molecule

A feature, including structure, function, and behavior, that makes an organism better suited to a specific environment is called a(n)

adaptation

ATP contains the nitrogen-containing base

adenine

polymer

large molecule consisting of smaller subunits

Cells convert nutrient molecules during chemical reactions that are referred to as ____, which can provide energy to perform functions in cells.

metabolism

If an atom gains an electron, it will become a(n)

negatively charged ion.

A darkly staining region that may appear within the nucleus on an electron micrograph is called a(n) ____. This is the location of rRNA production.

nucleolus

Nucleic acids are polymers of ____, which are molecular complexes of three subunits: a phosphate, a sugar, and nitrogen base.

nucleotides

liquid at room temperature and usually produced by plants

oil

Which of the following are lipids?

oils fats steroids phospholipids

The _____ membrane separates the cytoplasm from the surrounding environment and regulates the passage of molecules into and out of the cell.

plasma

How many monosaccharides are in disaccharide?

2

The biodiversity on earth is estimated to contain over Blank

8.7 million species

What enzyme found within the peroxisome functions to degrade hydrogen peroxide?

Catalase

changes in the normal cycles of prevailing weather conditions primarily due to imbalance in the carbon cycle

Climate change

what are the functions of the glycocalyx.

Prevents the cell from drying out. Protects the bacteria from the immune system of the host

final three-dimensional shape of a protein, maintained by various types of bonding

Tertiary

A protein is composed of a chain of monomers called

amino acids

the plasma membrane of cells, the phospholipids are arranged in a

bilayer

The smallest unit of life and the biological level at which the properties of life are first observed is the

cell

The substance consisting of DNA and associated proteins in a eukaryotic nucleus is called

chromatin

The capacity to do work is called

energy

what do all living organisms require

energy, materials

An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its

enviornment

The complete eradication (loss, death, destruction) of a species or larger classification category is called

extinction

True or false: A theory is the same as a hypothesis.

false

True or false: In a study that tests how well two different antibiotics work to treat ulcers, everyone receives the experimental variable (the antibiotics).

false

solid at room temperature and are usually produced by animals

fat

Proteins assist the animal body in which of the following ways?

fighting off infections chemical signaling chemical reactions

Phospholipids and fats are structurally similar; however, while fats contain glycerol bonded to three fatty acids, phospholipids contain Multiple choice question.

glycerol bonded to two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group.

The various properties of water, like surface tension and adhesion, are the result of water's ability to form which type of bonds?

hydrogen

A vesicle that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes is called a

lysosome

he periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic

number

Matter can be found in which of the following states?

plasma liquid solid gas

Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are ____ that contain long chains of glucose molecules.

polysaccharides

Which biomolecules make up the glycocalyx in bacteria cells?

polysaccharides

the linear sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

primary

In science, a concept that is supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and data (such as evolution) is called a scientific

principle, theory, law

what are the functions of fats.

protection of major organs insulation against heat loss energy storage

The contractile molecules in muscle cells are

proteins

organization of proteins with several polypeptide chains, often seen in enzymes

quaternary

A monosaccharide is a

simple sugar molecule.

In the scientific name for humans, sapiens is the

species name

what are classified as polysaccharides.

starch glycogen cellulose

Cholesterol is a

steroid

the characteristics of phospholipids

structurally similar to fats polar phosphate group nonpolar tail

A radioactive isotope, such as carbon-14, emits energy as which of the following?

subatomic particles rays

An atom is composed of

subatomic particles.

The division of the domain Eukarya into six ___ reflect the different evolutionary paths of eukaryotes determined by DNA analyses.

supergroups

The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms is called

systematics

the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms

systematics

the discipline of identifying and grouping organisms

taxonomy

The application of scientific knowledge to the interest of humans is called

technology

what are the things that scientists can use to make observations.

their senses previous studies tools or instruments

Identify the nucleotide that is not present in an RNA strand.

thymine

group of similar cells that perform a particular function

tissue

True or false: All eukaryotes are more closely related to one another than to any prokaryote.

true

True or false: The nucleoplasm has a different fluid composition than the cytoplasm of a cell.

true

Identify the reason why scientists are looking for water on Europa.

water is the fundamental molecule for all life.