Biology B - 1. Genetics and Heredity / 10. Mendelian Genetics

Match the following terms and definitions. 1. alternative form for a specific gene (either dominant or recessive) 2. can prevent the allele from being expressed in a pair of genes 3. the genes present in an organism 4. a pair of non-identical genes that influence a trait in different ways 5. a pair of genes that are identical in the way they influence a trait 6. offspring from a cross between parents; has different phenotypes for a specific trait

1. allele 2. dominant 3. genotype 4. heterozygous 5. homozygous 6. hybrid

Match the following items. 1. Rr 2. rr 3. identical alleles 4. unlike alleles 5. RR

1. heterozygous, dominant cell 2. homozygous, recessive cell 3. homozygous definition 4. heterozygous definition 5. homozygous, dominant cell

Match the following terms and definitions. 1. the breeding of two organisms that differ in a single trait 2. the expression of a genetic trait; what the trait looks like 3. a phenotype (trait) resulting from homozygous genes from the offspring of true breeding 4. a gene or trait that is masked when a dominant allele is present 5. when an organism that possesses both male and female gametes brings the two genetically identical gametes together to produce offspring

1. monohybrid cross 2. phenotype 3. purebred 4. recessive 5. self-fertilization

The seeds collected from the first generation monohybrids are called _____.

F1

Each trait of a plant is determined by _____.

a pair of genes

The genotype represents _____.

a paired combination of genes

Heredity allows for ______.

both A and B

A monohybrid cross is made between plants that _____.

differ in only one trait

Recessive genes will always be masked by dominant genes. This is Mendel's principle of _____.

dominance

The characteristic that results from a monohybrid cross is the _____ trait.

dominant

To determine if a particular plant is homozygous or heterozygous, you would have to test cross with a _____ to make the check.

homozygous recessive

What can be expected for the recessive trait of monohybrids from the F2 generation?

none of the above

The outward appearance of a particular trait is called the _____.

phenotype

Mendel believed that during the formation of gametes, the pair of genes controlling a trait separate. He called this the principle of _____.

segregation

Why did Mendel prevent his plants from self-pollinating?

to control the crossing of the traits