Biology Bacteria Quiz
Archaeans were first discovered in the __________.
1970s
Prokaryotic life evolved between
3 and 4 billion years ago
Gram-positive bacteria stain purple with Gram stain because they have:
A thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls
The acidophiles live in _____ conditions.
Acidic
"Ancient" environments in which Archaea thrive include
All of the above
Where can bacteria be found?
All of the above
Where might you find archaeans called hyperthermophiles?
All of the above
Which is a characteristic of Archaea?
All of the above
Which of the following is a type of extremophile?
All of the above
All prokaryotes belong to the Bacteria Domain or ________ Domain.
Archaea
Which domain of prokaryotes can often be found in extreme environments, such as acidic lakes or extremely saline (salty) marshes?
Archaea
Any prokaryote that is not a bacterium is called a(n)
Archaean
A peptidoglycan cell wall is a very common characteristic of _____.
Bacteria
Archaeans were first classified in the _________ domain.
Bacteria
_________ are the more common forms of prokaryotic organisms.
Bacteria
Which of the following domains of life contain all prokaryotic life forms?
Bacteria and Archaea
________ and _______ are the two domains of prokaryotes.
Bacteria and Archaea
How do bacteria obtain nutrients?
Chemosynthesis, photosynthesis, consuming other organisms
_______ is a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that live only inside other cells.
Chlamydiae
Ancient cyanobacteria may have evolved into the ________ of plant cells.
Chloroplasts
The Archaea ribosome is similar in size to the ribosomes found in bacteria, mitochondria and
Chloroplasts
All archaeans live in extreme environments.
False
All species in the Archaea domain are extremophiles.
False
Any type of Archaea that live in an extreme environment such as very salty, hot, or acidic environments are called psychrophils.
False
Archaea are bacteria.
False
Archaea cannot live in regular environments, such as soil.
False
Cyanobacteria are also known as red algae.
False
Cyanobacteria are bluish in color because they contain xanthophyll.
False
Like bacterial genes, the Archaea genome does not contain introns.
False
Prokaryotes are the most numerous animals on Earth.
False
The prokaryotes have membrane-bound organelles.
False
There are just three types of archaean extremophiles.
False
Thermophiles are prokaryotes that prefer a temperature below 20 °C.
False
Archaea cells have _________ that are very different in structure to bacterial flagella.
Flagella
____ ________ bacteria are a large and diverse group of bacteria, many of which are found in soil or the roots of some plants.
Gram positive
A(n) ___________ is an organism that "loves" salt.
Halophile
An organism that lives in a very salty environment is called a(n)
Halophile
The type of extremophile that is adapted to water of the Great Salt Lake is a(n)
Halophile
_________ live in environments with high levels of salt.
Halophiles
Archaeans that live around hydrothermal vents must be able to withstand extremely ___________.
High pressures
A(n) ____________ vent is a crack on the ocean floor around which many archaea may live.
Hydrothermal
A(n) ____________ is an organism that digests cellulose and produces methane as a waste product.
Methanogen
Archaeans called ___________ live inside the guts of cows and produce methane gas.
Methanogens
Archaeans that help cows digest tough plant fibers are called
Methanogens
Some species of archaea live in the guts of cows and termites, and aid in the breakdown of cellulose while producing methane as a byproduct. These types of archaea are known as
Methanogens
Salmonella is a gram-_______ bacteria, which means it has a thin cell wall with an outer membrane.
Negative
Prokaryotic cells are distinguished from other cells by their lack of both a __________ and membrane-bound organelles.
Nucleus
Archaeal cell walls are unusual - most do not have ______ in their cell walls.
Pepitoglycan
________ are single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus.
Prokaryotes
__________ are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.
Prokaryotes
The largest bacterial species known, Thiomargarita namibiensis, belongs to the phylum ________.
Proteobacteria
Which of the following is present in prokaryotes?
Ribosomes
Which organelles are found in prokaryotes?
Ribosomes
What type of bacteria is Borrelia burgdorferi, the pathogen that causes Lyme disease?
Spirochetes
What is the major distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The lack of a nucleus
Which type of extremophile would you expect to find in a hot geyser?
Thermophile
Cyanobacteria is gram-positive, which means it has a ______ cell wall without an outer membrane.
Thick
Ancient prokaryotes contributed to Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere. True or False?
True
Archaea are single-celled prokaryotes.
True
Archaea have phospholipids in their cell membranes that are similar to both bacterial and eukaryotic phospholipids.
True
Archaea live everywhere on Earth, including extreme environments.
True
Archaea share several traits with Eukarya that Bacteria do not share.
True
Archaea thrive in extreme environments.
True
Archaeans are very common in the ocean.
True
Archaeans called halogens have been found in Utah's Great Salt Lake.
True
Archaeans that live in the Dead Sea must be adapted to very salty water.
True
Archaeans were placed in their own domain in the late 1970s.
True
Bacteria live in virtually all the environments on the Earth.
True
Excessive nutrients in water can lead to the overgrowth of bacteria.
True
Extreme halophiles live in very salty water.
True
Gram negative bacteria have an outer membrane which is made of lipopolysaccharide and protein.
True
Many Archaeans live in or on other organisms.
True
Practically all surfaces which have not been specially sterilized are covered in bacteria.
True
Prokaryotes are found in every habitat on the planet. True or False?
True
Prokaryotic organisms are necessary for the production of various foods and antibiotics.
True
Some archaeans can survive and reproduce in boiling water.
True
Stromatolites led to the increase in oxygen levels dramatically changed the life forms on Earth and lead to an explosion of biodiversity.
True
The Eukarya domain consists of eukaryotes.
True
The archaea genome contains introns.
True
The most abundant types of organisms on the planet may be Archaea in plankton .
True
We could not survive without prokaryotes.
True
