biology ch. 5homeostasis and transport

process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it

endocytosis

is used during active transport but not passive transport

energy

in osmosis, water always moves toward the ______ solution: that is toward the solution with the _______ solute concentration

hypotonic; greater

example of facilitated diffusion..

transport of glucose

when a plant is in a hypotonic solution and it gets firm this is called ____________ pressure

turgor

particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an are of higher concentration

active transport

what transport requires energy?

active transport

movement of large solid particles into a cell

phagocytosis

moven=ment of solutes liquids of fluid into a cell

pinocytosis

two types of endocytosis

pinocytosis and phagocytosis

when a plant is in a hypertonic solution and water leaves the cells and shrivels this is called ___________

plasmolysis

carrier proteins that serve as active transports are called __________ because they transport substances against their concentration gradient.

pumps

sea water is dangerous to the skin because...

sea water is hypertonic to your body

if a substance can pass through a membrane, the membrane is permeable to it; membranes that only allow some substances to pass through are called____________ membranes

selectively permeable

the process by which small molecules move from an area of higher to lower concentration.

simple diffusion

example of pump

sodium potassium pumps

transports NA+ ions and K+ ions

sodium potassium pumps

for an animal cell if it is placed in isotonic solution it will __________.

stay the same

examples of simple diffusion,..

air freshener, spilled water, gas leak

transport protein that changes shape when a particle binde with it

carrier proteins

what helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave the cells.

cell membrane

transport protein that provides a tubelike opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse

channel protein

organelles that remove water

contractile vacuoles

when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space

equilibrium

process by which a cell expels wastes from a vacuole

exocytosis

a form of passive transport that uses transport proteins

facilitated diffusion

the movement of larger molecules move from high to low concentration using carrier proteins

facilitated diffusion

if a plant cell is placed in isotonic solution water will go into and out of the cell. the cell will become ______ because of the lack of turgor

flaccid

contains a higher concentration of solutes than the solution to which it is being compared; water diffuses out of the cell

hypertonic

If you soak in dishwater you may notice that your skin absorbs water and swells into distinct wrinkles. this is because your skin cells are __________ to the ________ dishwater

hypertonic, hypotonic

contains a lower concentration of solute than the solution to which it is being compared; water diffuses in cell

hypotonic

if the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be ________ to the cell.

hypotonic

concentration of soulte outside and inside are equal

isotonic

you decide to buy a fish for your fresh water aquarium. when you introduce the fish to its new tank, the fish swells up and dies. you later learn that it was form the ocean. based on what you know od the tonicity, the most likely explanation is that unfortunate fish went from a ___________ solution into a __________ solution

isotonic, hypotonic

facilitated diffusion...

movement from high to low concentration

simple passive diffusion...

movement from high to low concentration

water with regards to the water concentration gradient during osmosis

movement from high to low concentration

active transport...

movement from low to high concentration

water with regard to the solute concentration gradient during osmosis

movement from low to high concentration

the diffusion of water molecules through a membrane

osmosis

examples of passive transport...

osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and simple diffusion

particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

passive transport

what transport uses other things other than energy?

passive transport