Biology Chapter 34
What is the significance of the evolution of Hox gene clusters during vertebrate evolution?
Duplication of Hox genes made increased morphological complexity possible.
Humans are _____.
Homo sapiens
Which of the following statements describing hominin evolution is/are correct Select all that apply. -Hominin species began to walk on two legs in order to free their hands to use tools. -Homo sapiens is the only surviving member of a highly branched evolutionary tree of hominin species. -The first hominin species evolved from chimpanzees.
Homo sapiens is the only surviving member of a highly branched evolutionary tree of hominin species.
Which of these primate groups lives in trees in Central and South America and have nostrils that are wide open and far apart?
New World monkeys (the Western Hemisphere is also known as the New World)
_____ are the oldest known primate group.
Prosimians
Despite having a body mass similar to that of Homo sapiens, Homo neanderthalensis had a larger brain volume.
True/supported
The ratio of brain volume to body mass of Homo sapiens is larger than that of Homo ergaster.
True/supported
Which of the following could be considered the most recent common ancestor of living tetrapods?
a sturdy-finned, shallow-water lobe-fin whose appendages had skeletal supports similar to those of terrestrial vertebrates
Listed below are four adaptations of terrestrial vertebrates. Which is a characteristic only of truly terrestrial animals with no need to return to water at any stage of the life cycle?
amniotic eggs
What does the distance between two white horizontal lines on this graph represent?
an increase of 200 cm^3 in brain volume
Which of these primate groups is most closely related to humans?
apes
As hominins diverged from other primates, which of the following appeared first?
bipedal locomotion
Which clade does not include humans?
diapsids
Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials
have some embryonic development outside the uterus.
The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____.
hominids
There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _____.
method of reproduction
Which of these anthropoid groups consists of primates who are mostly tree dwellers and whose forelimbs and hind limbs are about equal in length?
monkeys
Which of the following chordate groups include(s) humans? Select all that apply. -Amniotes -Hominins -Gnathostomes
-Amniotes -Hominins -Gnathostomes
The body mass of the chimpanzee is approximately _______kg greater than the body mass of Australopithecus afarensis.
10
The ratio of brain volume to body mass of Homo ergaster is approximately _______.
14 cm^3/kg
The brain volume of Homo sapiens is approximately _____ times as large as the brain volume of Australopithecus afarensis.
3
Which species of hominin had a brain volume closest to the brain volume of the chimpanzee?
Australopithecus afarensis
Which of the following statements about hominin evolution is correct? As hominins have evolved, _____.
sexual dimorphism was significantly reduced
