Biology - Chapter 6: Cellular Respiration - Quiz

What molecules belong in spaces E and F?

carbon dioxide and water

Because plants do photosynthesis, they are called ____.

producers

Photosynthetic organisms like grass are able to ____.

use substances in the air as a major source of carbon

During electron transport, energy from ____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the ____.

NADH and FADH2; intermembrane space

During ____, the energy in sugar molecules is used to make molecules of ATP.

cellular respiration

What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is the converted to lactic acid?

fermentation

Most of the ATP production during cellular respiration occurs ____.

from activity of the ATP synthase machine

____ is used as food and ____ is produced as a waste in the overall process of cellular respiration.

glucose; carbon dioxide

What process occurs in Box A?

glycolysis

Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?

glycolysis

Which one of the following is considered the oldest mechanism to generate ATP?

glycolysis

An organism that must consume other organisms to obtain nourishment is called a(n) ____.

heterotroph

The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is ____.

kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient

The main function of cellular respiration is ____.

making ATP to power cell activities

In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain?

mitochondrion

What organelle is indicated by the letter C?

mitochondrion

Virtually all organisms on Earth use cellular respiration to produce ATP from sugar. ATP is then used to power cellular work. Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

sugar + O2 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP

____ is a chemical process that uses light energy from the sun to build organic molecules.

Photosynthesis

Chemical reactions that require oxygen are called ____ while those that do not require oxygen are considered ____.

aerobic; anaerobic

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, ____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.

10

What molecules belong in space A and B?

glucose and oxygen

What process occurs within Box B?

the citric acid cycle

Structure A is ____.

ATP synthase

Which of the following organisms perform cellular respiration?

all of them

What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -->6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

Which of the following describes cellular respiration?

Oxidation and reduction (redox) reactions are involved in cellular respiration.

Which statement describes the citric acid cycle?

This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion.

Which statement describes glycolysis?

This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.

Which statement describes the electron transport chain?

This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration

An organism that can use energy from the sun to directly produce food is called a(n) ____.

autotroph

The compounds needed for photosynthesis are ____ and ____.

carbon dioxide; water

What process occurs in structure H?

photosynthesis

If you exceed your aerobic capacity during a workout, your muscle cells will ____.

switch to anaerobic respiration and produce lactic acid

____ is the high-energy molecule used to power cellular work.

ATP

Autotrophs use photosynthesis to convert the energy of sunlight into the chemical energy of sugar. Which of the following is the correct equation of photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + sunlight --> O2 + sugar

Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration.

glycolysis acetyl CoA citric acid cycle electron transport chain

Glycolysis occurs in almost all organisms on Earth. From this we might conclude that ____.

glycolysis evolved very early in ancestors that are common to all the domains of life

In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by ____.

oxidative phosphorylation

A process is referred to as aerobic of it requires ____.

oxygen

Aerobic metabolism always requires ____.

oxygen

The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is ____.

oxygen

What molecule is indicated by the letter D?

oxygen

During ____, the energy from the sun is used to make sugar molecules.

photosynthesis

Examine the figure above. The carbon used in photosynthesis in the tree shown in the figure comes from ____.

the air