Biology EOC
a cats short hair (H) is dominant to long hair (h). if a cat that is homozygous for short hair is crossed with a cat that has long hair, what is the probability the offspring from this cross will have long hair a.0% b.25% c.50% d.100%
100%
What is the first step in DNA replication? 1. The result is two identical DNA molecule 2. Exposed bases bond to its complementary base. 3. Enzyme unzips the double helix. 4. template for complementary bases is formed.
3
Gene mutations can be caused by many things. These mutations are biologically important because they (1.) occur at a regular rate and therefore can be controlled (2) can be passed to the offspring if they occur in any cell of the body (3) are always harmful and therefore help to eliminate weak traits (4) can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species (5)Can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species
Can result in a new variety of gene combinations in the species
Which statement best describes a characteristic of the carrying capacity of an ecosystem? (1)It can be illustrated with a food web. (2) It allows organisms to produce populations of unlimited size. (3) It is determined directly by an organisms reproductive success. (4) It is limited by the habitats available energy and nutrients (5)It is limited by the habitats available energy and nutrients
It is limited by the habitats available energy and nutrients
During photosynthesis, where are glucose molecules manufactured? 1. In cytoplasm 2. In Kreb cycle 3. Light independent reaction 4.Light dependent reaction
Light independent reaction
Sexually reproducing organisms pass on genetic information as a (1) long chain of amino acids (2) complex series of inorganic proteins (3) sequence of complex sugars (4) sequence of the bases A, T, C, and G Sequence of bases A, G, T, C
Sequence of bases A, G, T, C
Scientists who have examined the fossil record have noted that some species have changed very little over long periods of geologic time. The lack of change in such organisms is most likely because all members of their population were genetically identical, and they lived in a rapidly changing environment (2) there was a large amount of variation in their population, and the environment changed frequently (3) they could move between different environments when food supplies became scarce (4) the environment that they lived in remained the same, and they were well-adapted to it (5)The environment that they lived remain the same and they were well adapted to it
The environment that they lived remain the same and they were well adapted to it
Which statement is correct concerning hereditary information? a.a chromosome is composed of many genes b.a gene is composed of many chromosomes c.each chromosome carries the same information d.each gene carries the same information
a chromosome is composed of many genes
salmonberry plant roots absorb minerals. what cellular process moves minerals across root cell membranes from an area of low mineral concentration to an area of high mineral concentration using ATP molecule? a. facilitated diffusion b.passive transport c.active transport d.osmosis
active transport
How is the DNA of daughter cells produced by meiosis different from the parent cell? 1. Fertilization. 2. Crossing-over produces new combinations of genes. 3. Independent assortment 4. all of the above
all of the above
the basic building blocks of a protein are... a.glucose molecules b.hormones c.amino acids d.fats
amino acids
Plants use nitrogen to make proteins. what is present in the soil that makes nitrogen directly available to plants. a.air b.water c.sugars d.bacteria
bacteria
Where is water used during the process of photosynthesis? a.Light reaction b.Calvin cycle c.Kreb cycle d.ETC reaction
calvin reaction
Some viruses attack cells by attaching to their outer covering, entering, and taking over their genetic machinery. Viruses are able to invade cells after first attaching to their nuclear membrane genetic machinery cell membrane viral proteins cell membrane
cell membrane
which event would most likely cause a change in a genetic sequence in an organism? a.eating certain foods high in saturated fats b.strenuous physical activity c.exposure to radiation d.a sudden exposure to cooler temperatures
exposure to radiation
the inability of sperm cells to move normally could prevent the production of offspring by interfering with a.meiosis b.fertilization c.mitosis d.differentiation
fertilization
which process increases genetic variation among whale offspring? a.fertilization of egg cells b.synthesis of proteins c.assembly of lipids d.fertilization of egg cells
fertilization of egg cells
A mutation occurring in a human can be passed from parent to offspring when it occurs in a a.lung cell, due to exposure to a toxic gas b.gamete or sex cells formed in the ovary c.body cell undergoing mitosis d.heart cell with chromosome damage
gamete or sex cells formed in the ovary
traits are passed from parent to offspring. these traits are determined by... a.chromosomes, located on genes, found in the nucleus b.genes located on genes and found on chromosomes
genes located on genes and found on chromosomes
What is the first stage in respiration? 1. Kreb Cycle 2.ETC 3.Glycolysis 4.Calvin cycle
glycolosis
Which process produces the most a.ATP b.Kreb cycle c.Glycolysis d.ETC e.Anaerobic respiration
glycolosis
Which of these do not use oxygen to produce ATP? a.Glycolysis b.Fermentation c.Kreb cycle d.ETC chain
glycolyisis and fermentation
a plant with red flowers is crossed with a planet that has white flowers. the offspring all have pink flowers. this is example of what type of inheritance? a.recessive b.polygenic c.codominance d.incomplete dominance
incomplete dominance
which statement concerning sexual reproduction is correct? a.it is not necessary in order for the individual to survive b.the offspring are identical to the parent c.it is necessary in order for the individual to survive d.the offspring are identical to each other
it is not necessary in order for the individual to survive
Where is carbon dioxide used in photosynthesis? a.light dependent reaction b.Light independent reaction c.Dark reaction d.Calvin Cycle
light independent reaction, dark reaction, calvin cycle
During photosynthesis where is oxygen produced? 1. light reaction 2.Dark reaction 3.Kreb cycle E4.lectron transport chain
light reaction
What are some factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis? a.glucose b.Carbon dioxide c.Oxygen d.Water e.Light
light, water, carbon dioxide
autotrophs might survive when heterotrophs cannot because autotrophs are able to a.reproduce asexually b.become dormant c.exist without respiration d.make their own food
make their own food
The processes of diffusion and active transport are both used to... a.break down molecules to release energy b.move molecules into or out of cells c.bring molecules into cells when they are more concentrated outside the cell d.move molecules against a concentration gradient, using ATP molecules e.move molecules into or out of cells
move molecules into or out of cells
some animals in nature adapt to their changing environment. those that are successful are able to reproduce and pass on their traits to future generations. this is an example of... a.commensalism b.mutualism c.natural selection d.selective breeding
natural selection
protein synthesis is accomplished primarily by the interaction of which two cell structures? a.vacuoles and mitochondria b.ribosomes and vacuoles c.nuclei and ribosomes d.nuclei and mitochondria
nuclei and ribosome
Who is the final hydrogen acceptor in respiration? a.Water b.Oxygen c.Glucose d.Nitrogen
oxygen
which two processes are responsible for the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle? a.chemosynthesis; photosynthesis b.photosynthesis; respiration c.transpiration; respiration
photosynthesis and respiration
Maintaining a rich variety of genetic material that may lead to discoveries useful to humans can be ensured by (1)preserving biodiversity (2) increasing cloning (3) asexual reproduction (4) selective breeding
preserving biodiversity
Organic compounds are used as building blocks for (1)water, DNA, and starches (2) water, proteins, and oxygen (3) proteins, DNA, and carbon dioxide (4) proteins, starches, and fats
proteins, starches, and fats
a woman with attached earlobes has a child with a man who has unattached earlobes. this couple has three children, and all of them have unattached earlobes. the trait for attached earlobes is most likely... a.dominant b.recessive c.codominant d.incompletely dominant
recessisive
Carbon dioxide and oxygen are important resources in ecosystems and are a.recycled through the activity of living and nonliving systems b.stored in the animals of the ecosystem c.lost due to the activities of decomposers d.released by the process of photosynthesis
recycled through the activity of living and nonliving systems
1. The best explanation for the decrease in the amount of energy transferred to each succeeding level is that much energy is... a.consumed by predators b.released as heat c.stored within organic materials d.used in photosynthesis
released as heat
the clydesdale is a large breed of horse that was used for specific farming purposes, such as plowing and pulling wagons. the biggest and most muscular male horses were crossed with the biggest and most muscular females to produce the strongest offspring possible. this is an example of... a.cloning b.natural selection c.recombinant dna d.selective breeding
selective breeding
farmers in India have increased the harvest yield of food crops like eggplant by growing them from seeds that have been modified to produce a bacterial toxin that is harmful to pest insects. This is example of ... a.selective breeding of the inspects b.spraying an insecticide on plants c.selective breeding of the eggplant d.an application of biotechnology
selective breeding of eggplant
a haploid cell (1n) unites with another 1n cell to form a diploid cell (2n). which process is taking place? a.mitosis b.asexual reproduction c.sexual reproduction d.cloning
sexual reproduction
Why are the offspring of flowering plants genetically different from the parent plants? a.sexual reproduction produces offspring with new combinations of genes b.sexual reproduction produces offspring with half the number of genes c.asexual reproduction produces offspring with twice as many genes d.asexual reproduction produces offspring with a variety of genes
sexual reproduction of offspring with new combination of genes
which list contains only abiotic conditions that might be found in a pond ecosystem? a.temperature of the water, green plant , populations, dissolved minerals in the water b.temperature of the water, dissolved oxygen in the water, dissolved minerals in the water c.bacteria, dissolved minerals in the. water , temperature of the water d.dissolved oxygen in the water, fish populations, insect populations
temperature of the water, dissolved oxygen in the water, dissolved minerals in the water
A genetic change that occurs in a body cell of a mouse will not contribute to the evolution of the species because body cell mutations will cause the cell to die before it reproduces (2) the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells (3) random changes are repaired by enzymes before they are passed on to offspring (4) the evolution of a species is caused by natural selection, not genetic variation (5)the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells
the evolution of a species can result from changes in reproductive cells, not body cells
Eye color, hair color, and skin color often vary from person to person and even within a family. One explanation is that a.the glucose units in a DNA molecule are often rearranged b.the genetic material of the female parent has the most influence on offspring c.the inherited traits of individuals are determined by different gene combinations d.some extra parts of genetic material are often gained during fertilization
the inherited traits of individuals are determined by different gene combinations
the green pepper plant has proteins that control the process of making glucose. how does the plant obtain these proteins? a.the plant makes the proteins using the instructions in DNA b.the proteins are absorbed from the soil by the roots of the plant c.the light energy change molecules in the plant cell into proteins d.the protein are all present in the seed before germination occurs
the plants make proteins using instructions from DNA
the process of photosynthesis and respiration allow plants and animals to recycle oxygen and carbon dioxide. which statement best expresses this relationship. a.the products of photosynthesis inhibit respiration b.the products of photosynthesis are the products of respiration c.the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration d.the reactants of photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration
the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration
over an extended period of time, what would most likely happen to a population squirrels separated by a river at the bottom of an 1800-meter deep canyon? a.the population would become extinct b.two separate species would form c.the two populations would remain the same d.the population would undergo an accelerated rate of mutations
two separate species would form
