Biology Exam Pt. 4
Which of the following is a component of a virus? Choose the best answer.
- Capsid - DNA or RNA
The primary target of the influenza virus is the
epithelial cells lining the respiratory system.
Select all of the structural components of a virus.
- Genetic material - Protein capsid
Which of the following are common symptoms associated with the influenza virus?
- Sore throat - Congestion - Body aches - Fever
Which of the following ingredients in an influenza vaccine helps the immune system identify the flu virus? Choose the best answer.
aluminum salts
Influenza viruses target which types of cells in the body? Choose the best answer.
epithelial cells
From the list provided, select the two circumstances necessary for evolution to occur.
- There must be a variation for a trait within a population. - An advantageous trait must be passed on to the next generation.
Which process produces changes in the genetic material? Choose the best answer.
mutation
The cytochrome c protein is sometimes used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species. This is because
the closer the DNA sequences are between species, the closer they are related on an evolutionary scale.
Birds and insects both have wings, but we do not consider this similarity as evidence of relatedness because
the wings are not homologous structures with a common ancestral origin.
Homologous structures represent which form of evidence supporting the theory of evolution? Choose the best answer.
- comparative anatomy - embryonic development
From the list provided, select all that are provided by studying transitional fossils. (Check all that apply.)
- Transitional fossils provide evidence of how a species has changed over time. - Transitional fossils provide an estimated timeline of changes. - Transitional fossils help calibrate the fossil record by comparing amounts of radioactive compounds.
Tiktaalik and Archaeopteryx are associated with which type of evidence of evolution? Choose the best answer.
- fossil
Which of the following are correct regarding antigenic drift? Choose the best answer.
- it is due to minor mutations in the structure of the H and N spikes.
Which of the following statements are true concerning evolution? Choose the best answer.
- it is the result of heritable changes in the DNA - it is the unifying theme in the study of biology
Which of the following statements are correct concerning the influenza A virus? Choose the best answer
- its genetic material is RNA - the virus uses H and N spikes to target its host cell
Tamiflu specifically targets which part of the influenza virus life cycle? Choose the best answer.
- release
Antiviral medications target which aspects of the viral life cycle? Choose the best answer.
- uncoating - release - attachment
Antigenic shift involves: Choose the best answer.
All of the above
Why is the influenza virus a good model for the study of evolution? Choose the best answer.
All of the above
Which of the following statements explains the relationship between mutations and natural selection?
All of the answer choices describe the relationship between mutations and evolution.
Which of the following describes the physical characteristics of the influenza virus?
An RNA virus enclosed in a spherical capsid surrounded by an envelope with spikes
Normally, the flow of information in a cell is in which direction? Choose the best answer.
DNA - RNA - Protein
A certain species of butterfly varies in color from white to dark blue. The birds found in the same area feed on the white or lightly colored butterflies, leaving butterflies that are darkly colored. This is an example of what type of selection?
Directional selection
A virus has been identified as H7N9. Based on this information, which class of virus would it belong to? Choose the best answer.
Influenza A
Which of the following is the enzyme that converts viral RNA to DNA in the host cell? Choose the best answer
Reverse transciptase
Which of the following is present on the surface of every body cell (with a nucleus) to identify self? Choose the best answer.
MHC-I
Consider the following scenario: A fish that was normally found in freshwater has evolved and can now survive in brackish (containing a mixture of fresh and salt) water. How would this affect other levels of biology?
The evolution of the fish would affect all other levels of biology, including other populations, communities, and ecosystems.
True or False: Evolution will only occur when changes in genetic information are passed on to the next generation. Group starts
True
Which of the following statements accurately describes how viruses reproduce?
Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. They are only capable of reproducing once inside a living host cell.
Structures that are passed on from a common ancestor, such as the bone structure of a limb, are called ______ structures. Structures that have the same function but evolved independently, such as wings of bats and birds, are called ______ structures.
homologous; analogous
The symptoms associated with the flu are largely the result of a reaction by which body system? Choose the best answer.
immune system
In which of the following does histamine cause capillary beds to be leaky, thus slowing the movement of pathogens into a wound? Choose the best answer.
inflammatory response
Which of the following produces antibodies? Choose the best answer.
plasma cells
The scientific definition of evolution refers to changes in a ______ over time.
population
Which of the following methods of producing a vaccine does not require use of the entire influenza virus? Choose the best answer.
recombinant method
Which of the following produces immune system cells? Choose the best answer.
red bone marrow
