Biology Fall 2023
When soaked in a hypotonic solution, water will move ____ potato cells. into in and out in equal amounts of out of
Into
Tonicity
The ability of a solution to change the volume of a cell by osmosis.
What is the term for the substance that is formed after a chemical reaction occurs? Substrate Product Enzyme Reactant
Product
Location of bacterial Chromosome
nucleoid
Select all that apply Which of the following are functions of the plasma membrane? Boundary between inside of cell and its environment Location of organelles and other contents of cell Surrounds the cytoplasm Provides shape, support, and strength to the cell
Boundary between inside of cell and its environment Location of organelles and other contents of cell Surrounds the cytoplasm
Semifluid solution surrounded by the plasma membrane; contains nucleoid
Cytoplasm
Select all that apply Which of the following are features all cells have in common? Cell wall Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Plasma membrane Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane
Which of the following are features all cells have in common? Cell wall Chloroplasts Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane
Osmosis involves which type of membrane transport? Diffusion Active transport Exocytosis Endocytosis
Diffusion
Flagellum
Enabled Movement
I rotating filament that propels the cell
flagellum
Measuring the amount of __________ made by a reaction is one way to determine the activity of an enzyme
product
Receptors bind specific ligand within coated pits to form endosomes
receptor-mediated endocytosis
site of protein synthesis
ribosome
Site of protien synthesis
ribosomes
"Eating cells", Brings cells inside
Phagocytosis
Glycocalyx
Capsule gel-like coating outside the cell wall
Which of the following distinctive structures do all cells have? A flagellum (or multiple flagella) A nucleus A plasma membrane A mitochondrion (or multiple mitochondria)
A plasma membrane
The smallest unit of life that can function independently and perform all of the activities necessary for life is called a(n) .
Cell
Structure that provides support and shapes of the cell
Cell Wall
Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which organelles and cell parts are found in plant cells but not animal cells? Cell wall Chloroplasts Mitochondria Nucleus
Cell Wall Chloroplasts
Which of the following do all cells have? DNA Cell membrane Cell wall RNA Nucleus Ribosomes
Cell membrane Ribosomes DNA RNA
Which of the following do all cells have? Multiple select question. Cell membrane RNA Ribosomes Nucleus Cell wall DNA
Cell membrane RNA Ribosomes DNA
The specific animal cell structure that helps to reorganize microtubules is Multiple choice question. vacuoles. centrosomes. centrioles. chloroplasts.
Centrioles
Which organelle or cell part is found in animal cells but not in plant cells? Chloroplasts Centrioles Mitochondria Cell wall
Centrioles
The pH of an enzyme solution can alter the shape of the enzyme and its active site by ___________ affecting bonding.
Chemical
Plant cells have organelles called _____ that carry out photosynthesis to make sugars. Multiple choice question. mitochondria centrioles chloroplasts vacuoles
Chloroplast
Process that gets things INSDIE the cell -
Endocytosis
Which of the following terms is/are component(s) of a catalyzed chemical reaction? Enzyme Substrate Reactant Product Metabolism
Enzyme Substrate Reactant Product
While examining a cell under a microscope, you observe a nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. You are examining a _____ cell.
Eukaryotic
Have a Nucleus Membrane-Bound Organelles Relatively Larger
Eukaryotic Cells
Process to get things OUTSIDE the cell
Exocytosis
Molecular motion occurs in which of the following substances? Gas Liquid Semisolid
Gas Liquid Semisold
A cell is placed in a 15% NaCI solution and the cell shrinks. How would you describe the solution?
Hypertonic the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell and leading to cell shrinkage.
What type of solution will cause an Elodea cell to become turgid? Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic
Hypotonic
has a solute concentration similar to that of the body's cells, so it prevents red blood cells from either shrinking or swelling and is safe for intravenous use.
Isotonic Solution
Salivary amylase has an optimum pH of 6.8, where it functions best. What happens to the enzyme when it is swallowed and enters the stomach which has a pH of around 2.0? Its catalytic activity increases as it encounters more substrate. It may become denatured. The enzyme loses H+ to the surrounding stomach contents. It has low or no catalytic activity.
It may become denatured. It has low or no catalytic activity.
Salivary amylase has an optimum pH of 6.8, where it functions best. What happens to the enzyme when it is swallowed and enters the stomach which has a pH of around 2.0? It may become denatured. The enzyme loses H+ to the surrounding stomach contents. Its catalytic activity increases as it encounters more substrate. It has low or no catalytic activity.
It may become denatured. It has low or no catalytic activity.
Molecular motion is a form of _____ energy. potential chemical cellular kinetic
Kinetic
Select all that apply Which of the following organelles are found in both plant and animal cells? Centrioles Mitochondria Chloroplasts Cell wall Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Nucleus
Mitochondria Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Network of membranes studded with ribosomes; plays a role in protein synthesis
Animal cells have an organelle in which their DNA is located. This organelle is called a nucleus. nucleoid. plasmid. plasma membrane.
Nucleus
The amount of pressure needed to oppose osmosis
Osmotic Pressure
All other factors being equal, solute molecules diffuse most rapidly through a semisolid. ice. air. water.
air
"Cell Drinking", Takes in liquid
Pinocytosis
Sheet that surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates entrance and exit of molecules
Plasma Membrane
Lack Membrane Bound Organelles Do not have a nucleus Relatively Smalller
Prokaryotic Cells
Which of the following is NOT a factor in tonicity? Selectively permeable membrane Osmosis The electrical charge of the solution Impermeable solute particles
Selectively Permeable Membrane
To determine the activity of an enzyme, you can compare the concentration of the enzyme before and after the chemical reaction. True false
True Because the enzyme is not used up in the reaction, the concentration of enzyme will not change.
Network of membranes that is the site of lipid synthesis and detoxification
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What substance decreases during a chemical reaction and can be used to measure the activity of an enzyme? Enzyme Substrate Product
Substrate
plasma membrane sheet that surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates entrance and exit of molecules
The Cell Membrane
What is osmotic pressure? The amount of pressure needed to oppose osmosis The pressure that solute particles exert to cause osmosis The rate at which water is moving due to random molecular motion The amount of water pressure exerted by a solution
The amount of pressure needed to oppose osmosis
What is osmotic pressure? The amount of pressure needed to oppose osmosis The rate at which water is moving due to random molecular motion The amount of water pressure exerted by a solution The pressure that solute particles exert to cause osmosis
The amount of pressure needed to oppose osmosis
A photo taken with a microscope
a Micrograph
As more and more base is added to a solution to make it more basic, what is happening to the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and the pH value of the solution? The concentration of H+ is decreasing. The pH is decreasing. The pH is increasing. The concentration of H+ is increasing.
The concentration of H+ is decreasing. The pH is increasing.
Which of the following factors are responsible for the osmotic pressure of a solution? The temperature of the solution The concentration of non-permeating solute Membrane permeability The viscosity of the solution
The concentration of non-permeating solute Membrane permeability
Which of the following factors are responsible for the osmotic pressure of a solution? The viscosity of the solution The concentration of non-permeating solute Membrane permeability The temperature of the solution
The concentration of non-permeating solute Membrane permeability
Which of the following factors affect the tonicity of a solution surrounding a cell? The volume of water outside of the cell compared to inside of the cell The surface area of the semipermeable cell membrane The kinetic energy of solutes outside of the cell compared to inside of the cell The concentration of nonpermeating solutes outside of the cell compared to inside of the cell
The concentration of nonpermeating solutes outside of the cell compared to inside of the cell
If a strong base is added to a buffer, the buffer will release H+ to minimize the rise in pH. True false question.
True
The cytosol contains chemical buffers that resist changes in pH. True false question
True
when a cell has taken up water and has become swollen and firm due to the internal pressure created by the influx of water
Tugrid
Which of the following are found in the cytosol? Red blood cells Water Chemical buffers Proteins
Water Chemical buffers Proteins
gel-like coating outside of the cell wall
capsule
A photograph of a magnified specimen that is taken through a microscope is called a(n)
micrograph
location of the bacterial chromosome
nucleoid
Catalysis
the causing of the acceleration of a chemical reaction
Pepsin has an optimum pH of around 1.5. If placed in a solution with a pH of 7.0, _____, which may affect enzyme shape and catalytic activity.
the enzyme loses H+
Plasmolysis
the process in plant cells where the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall due to the loss of water. A hypertonic solution will cause this
What is the solvent in biological mixtures such as cytoplasm and blood? Multiple choice question. Water Air Carbon dioxide Oxygen
water