Biology Final exam Chapt 1-3

True

In sickle-cell disease, malformation of red blood cells is caused by only one error in the genetic code for hemoglobin.

amino acid

In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer

The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another. The weak attractions between water molecules are known as

The pH of pure water is ________ because ________.

natural selection; adapted to

The process of ________ leads to organisms that are ________ that environment.

for comparison to the other test groups

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is

Cell

The smallest, most basic unit of life

Ecosystem

A biologist is studying how acid rain affects earthworm and beetle populations in a portion of Yellowstone National Park. What level of organization is she studying?

Electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their octets

A covalent bond occurs when

unsaturated

A fatty acid that has double bonds is called

Amino acids

A gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of

Carbon and hydrogen atoms

A molecule is said to be organic if it contains

False

A polypeptide forms a beta pleated sheet or an alpha helix as its primary structure

Dehydration synthesis reaction

A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a

Unequal sharing of electrons

A water molecule, as shown here, is polar because of

buffer

A(n) ________ can be defined as a substance that keeps pH within established limits by taking up excess H +or OH - in a solution.

They will not combine with water

How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules?

DNA is comprised of a double-strand; RNA is a single-strand.

How does DNA differ from RNA

A weak acid dissociates only partially in water

How does a strong acid differ from a weak acid

glycogen

Humans store glucose in the form of

which of the following is a molecule

O2

Water can move up a 100-foot pine tree, from the roots to the leaves

Of the following examples, which best demonstrates the property of water cohesion

valence electrons

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

Begins with observations

The scientific method

tertiary and quaternary structures

Which of the following levels of a protein are susceptible to denaturation

A desert with little water, high heat, sand, cacti, and some mammals - ecosystem

Which of the following levels of biological organization is correctly matched with an example

Secondary structure

Which of the following levels of protein folding would include shapes identified as helix and pleated sheet

Photosynthesis

Which of the following processes transforms solar energy into chemical energy?

All of the statements about scientific theories are true

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true with respect to scientific theory?

The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom govern its chemical activity

Which of the following statements about atoms is correct

ion

an atom that has an electrical charge

Minimize the changes in pH of their internal environment

cells need buffering agents in order to

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

the concentration of H+ present in a solution

brain - organ

which of the following pairs of words is matched correctly

Hydrophillic

If a material mixes readily with water, it is identified as

Hydrogen

In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain

Function well in a given environment

In general, evolutionary processes lead to organisms that

Nucleic acid

ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. The components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a 5-carbon sugar, and three phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is classified as a(n)

atomic number

All atoms of the same element have the same

Metabolism

All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell are collectively called

Proteins; nucleotides

Amino acids are needed to build ________,just as ________ are needed to create DNA.

Equal numbers of protons and electrons

An atom with a neutral charge has

determines its chemical reactivity

An atom's valence electron shell

All three domains have a common ancestor

Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following statements is true

Eukaryotic Consumer

Didinium are carnivorous protistans that prey on other, slower moving protistans. How should Didinium be classified?

The giving, taking, or sharing of electrons

Chemical bonds involve

H+; acid

Cola has a pH of 3.5. This means that it has an excess of _______ ions and would be called a(n) ________.

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil.

DNA and RNA differ in that

stores genetic information; aids in the processing of the information within the DNA into proteins.

DNA functions to ________, while RNA's function is to________.

DNA

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in

to maintain the correct temperature, moisture level, and acidity as well as other factors

For metabolic processes to occur within their cells, all living organisms need to maintain homeostasis which means they need

encompasses many hypotheses

Science, a theory

monomer

The basic building block or subunit of many biological molecules is called

Cellulose

Wood and paper are composed of

A saturated fat has

no double bonds

Neutron number

Isotopes of an element differ in their

Metabolism

Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. All of the chemical reactions that involve energy conversions within a cellare called

True

Managing emerging diseases such as SARS is just one of the many challenges facing science today

Parts W and Z are hydrophilic.

Refer to the figure. Which of the following is true regarding the labeled plasma membrane?

Robert wanted to see if his theory was true that cigarette smoke will influence web-building in spiders

Robert, an aspiring scientist in a biology class, wanted to conduct a study on the effects of cigarette smoke on the web-building ability of spiders. Which of the following statements is an incorrect use of terms pertaining to the scientific method?

Pregnant bats

Scientists were studying temperature selection among pregnant big brown bats. What would the test group be in this experiment?

female bats that were not pregnant

Scientists were studying temperature selection amongst pregnant big brown bats. What would be the best control group for this study?

Carbohydrates - include glucose, sucrose, and starch

Select the correct association

Organs

The circulatory system of a whale is considered an organ system because it is composed of different

True

The development of new technologies is based on science

hydrogen bonds

The figure below is depicting the interaction of water molecules with one another. The weak attractions between water molecules are known as

Fat dehydration synthesis

The figure below represents the formation of a ________ molecule by the process of ________.

Dehydration sythesis

The following figure represents which process

Help determine the chemical properties of an organic molecule

The term "functional" is used in the phrase "functional group" because it describes a group of atoms that

Ionic

The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another is a(n) ________ bond.

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in RNA but not in DNA

Uracil

they all produce H+ in a solution, making them acids

What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically

-OH

What functional group makes a carbohydrate hydrophilic

They possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them more tightly packed together.

What makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy than unsaturated ones?

False

When a positively charged hydrogen in a water molecule become attracted to thenegatively charged oxygen in a nearby water molecule, this is called a ionic bond. T

All of the above statements are correct

When a sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom

True

When starch is digested, water molecules are used to break the bonds holding the monosaccharide subunits together

Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion

Which answer choice lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?

-COOH

Which functional group is both polar (hydrophilic) and weakly acidic

Protista

Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms

Thymine

Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA

Domain Archaea

Which of the following can be categorized as prokaryotic

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

Which of the following correctly lists the classification categories from least to most inclusive?

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from simplest to most complex?

-NH2

Which of the following is a functional group present in amino acids

glycogen forming glucose molecules

Which of the following is a hydrolysis reaction

Proteins are used to produce many types of hormones

Which of the following is a true statement about proteins

COCl2

Which of the following is an inorganic molecule

C43H64O4

Which of the following is an organic molecule

C6H12O6

Which of the following is an organic molecule

H2CO3

Which of the following is an organic molecule

ecosystem

Which of the following is the most inclusive level of organization

All of the above are true

Which of the following is true about ecosystems

All of the above statements are correctly matched

Which of the following statements is correctly matched to the step of the scientific method?

sucrose

Which of the following terms should be categorized separately from the others

Living organisms are able to maintain their internal body temperatures because the water in their cells resists changes in temperature.

Which of the following would be an example of the value of water's heat capacity?

zinc

Which of the following would be considered a trace element in living things

amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis reactions

Which of the following would describe a polypeptide

Enzymatic activity

Which one of the following is a main function of proteins

Atom

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element

Water is a good solvent

Which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee?