Biology Regents Review 10th grade

A human cell that contains all of the information necessary for the growth and development of a complete organism is

a zygote

Recently, researchers from Stanford University have changed mouse skin cells into mouse nerve cells. This was accomplished by inserting genes that control the synthesis of certain proteins into the skin cells. This type of research is often successful in advancing knowledge regarding the functioning of human cells because

cells present in humans often function in similar ways to cells present in other organisms

In humans, the maintenance of a stable internal temperature is a direct result of

detection of and reaction to stimuli in the environment

When would exposure to a potentially harmful substance be most likely to damage many organs in a developing embryo?

during the early stages of pregnancy

An energy-rich organic compound needed by organisms is

glucose

A male frigatebird displays to the female by inflating its large red throat sac, throwing its head back, vibrating its wings, and producing a "drumming" sound with its throat sac. For the frigatebird, this behavior has most likely resulted in

greater reproductive success

Plant species X lives in a hot, dry environment. Slowly, over hundreds of years, the climate becomes wetter. Fungi attack species X and cause the population of species X to decrease. However, plant species X could survive if the plants

have a few members of the population that are fungus resistant

Which statement best expresses a basics scientific assumption?

if a conclusion is valid, similar investigations by other scientists should result in the same conclusion

An organ, such as a kidney, used for transplant needs to be tested for compatibility with the person who is to receive the organ. If this is not done, the

immune system might attack the donated organ

Fossils provide evidence that

many species of organisms that lived long ago are now extinct

For a human zygote to become an embryo, it must undergo

mitotic divisions

In August 2010, the Asian clam was discovered in Lake George. It is not native to that area. A single clam can reproduce and release hundreds of offspring in a day. Fish and crayfish eat the clams but cannot keep pace with the rate at which the clams reproduce. The introduction of the Asian clam into Luke George is

negative, because it competes with native clam species and reduces stability

SCIDS (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a disorder where a genetic mutation inhibits the production and functioning of T-cells. T-cells are special types of white blood cells that play a role in the body's immune response. A possible symptom of SCIDS would be an increase in the

number of infections by pathogens

Which sequence represents structures organized from most complex and least complex?

oak tree - leaf - guard cell - chloroplast

The overuse of chemical fertilizers has resulted in the growth of some lawn ecosystem to

recycle nutrients

Before a cell divides, an exact copy of each chromosome is made by the process of

replication

The humans actions that have been made possible in recent times are: Doctors are able to diagnose and treat some fetal problems prior to the birth of a child Cloning can produce large numbers of plants that are resistant to drought Male insects can be sterilized with radiation to prevent them from mating successfully

reproductive technology has medical, agricultural, and ecological applications

A student received a flu shot in the fall. During the flu season, the student caught a cold. The most likely reason the vaccine he received did not prevent could was that

the vaccine he received contained only flu virus antigens

A researcher concludes from a 10-year study that the biodiversity of an ecosystem had increased. Which set of observations represents evidence for this claim?

there were mote niches and greater stability in the ecosystem