Biology test 2 pratice
Which of the following is the best description of the process of cellular respiration?
A means to extract energy from organic molecules
Select all of the cellular processes that require a net input of energy.
ATP synthesis Cellular movements Endergonic reactions
Which of the following describes the major difference between kinetic and potential energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion and potential energy is associated with the position of an object.
Which of the following are end products of glycolysis?
Pyruvate NADH ATP
Select all of the following that can take place during a chemical reaction.
Rearrangements of atoms within molecules occur. Molecules attach to each other to form larger molecules. Electrons are transferred between atoms. Molecules are broken apart
Select all of the following that exhibit potential energy only.
Water at the top of a dam A boulder sitting at the top of a hill A stretched rubber band Bow ready to fire an arrow
What are the two main factors that determine the outcome of a chemical reaction in a living cell?
direction and rate
Work in the cell or in the physical world can only be done with expenditure of ______; it is defined as the capacity to do work.
energy
For living organisms, the total energy (H) is called __________ while the free energy (G) is the amount available to do work.
enthalapy
______ is the ability to promote change or do work.
free energy
Chemical energy is a form of ______ energy stored in chemical bonds. Multiple choice question. heat
potential
Direction and ________ are the two main factors that determine the fate of a chemical reaction.
rate
Why is some energy unusable by living organisms?
When energy transformations occur, the entropy of the system increases, which cannot be harnessed in a useful way.
The ______ bonds in glucose store large amounts of energy.
covalent
What form of energy can be used to drive cellular processes such as muscle contraction and cellular movements?
total energy
What are the products of the breakdown of a single pyruvate molecule?
One NADH molecule One acetyl group One CO2
Which of the following are types of energy important to biological processes?
Mechanical Electrical gradients Heat Light Chemical
What are some examples of cellular processes that require energy?
Muscle contraction, cellular movements, chemical reactions
The metabolic reactions that a cell uses to get energy from food molecules and release waste products are collectively called:
cellular respiration
during _____ reactions, one or more substances are changed or converted into other substances.
chemical
The five types of energy that are important in biology are electrical/ion gradient, heat,______, _______ and mechanical
chemical and light
