Biology: The Science of Life Chapters 1-3

In a dehydration reaction, ____. In order for this to occur water is ________.

monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

Carbohydrates are classified as

monosaccharides• disaccharides• polysaccharides

The process of ________leads to organisms that are ________that environment

natural selection; adapted to

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet are characteristic of

secondary structure in proteins.

dehydration synthesis

A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.

hydrolysis reaction

A chemical reaction that breaks apart a larger molecule by adding a molecule of water

Male amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by feminization, deformity, behavioral abnormalities and sterility. Biologists from the University of Florida investigated whether reproductive problems among populations of cane toads (Bufo marinus) are caused by poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. The biologists collected local adult cane toads from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture, both large-scale and small-scale farms, as well as from suburbs that are nonagricultural areas. Which of the following statements would be the best hypothesis for this study?

Agricultural chemicals can cause deformities and feminization amongst cane toads

Four categories of biological molecules

Carbohydrates• Lipids• Proteins• Nucleic Acids

Photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA - stores genes - sugar - ATCG

Steriods

Do not contain fatty acids but are insoluble in water and are derived from cholesterol

ribonucleic acid

RNA - make proteins - sugar - single - UT

Unsaturated fats have double bonds in the carbon chain

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms

Properties of water

Solvency• Cohesion and adhesion• High surface tension• High heat capacity• High heat of vaporization• Varying density

Plants store glucose in the form of

Strach

Which of the following property of water helps an individual who is exercising vigorously maintain a constant body temperature?

Water has a high heat capacity

hydrogen bond

When a positively charged hydrogen in a water molecule become attracted to the negatively charged oxygen in a nearby water molecule

Community

When populations of different types of organisms interact in a given area

Four elements make up about 96% of the body weight of most living organisms

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Hydrocarbons

chains of carbon atoms bonded only to hydrogen atoms

An atom's valence electron shell

determines its chemical reactivity.

Animals store glucose as

glycogen

When water changes from a liquid to a gas

hydrogen bonds are broken between neighboring water molecules

Isomers

same number and kinds of atoms in a variety of arrangements