BIOLOGY - UNIT 3: CELLS CELL DESIGN

When is facilitated diffusion necessary?

When the molecules are insoluble.

Active transport requires energy because it moves molecules from a _________ to a __________ concentration against diffusion.

Active transport requires energy because it moves molecules from a lower to a higher concentration against diffusion.

Glucose will pass through a cell membrane with the aid of __________.

Proteins.

The primary function of the cell's membrane is to:

Selectively permit or restrict substances from entering or leaving the cell.

The energy required for the mechanism of "active transport" comes from:

The product of ATP decomposition.

A plasma membrane and a cell wall:

Have different structures and different functions.

Of the five transport mechanisms, which one will the cell utilize if the substance being transported is insoluble?

Facilitated Diffusion.

Why do O2 and CO2 pass through the plasma membrane?

They are non-polar and soluble.

The natural tendency to move from higher to lower concentrations is:

Diffusion.

Sodium and potassium need to be pumped and not just travel by passive or facilitated diffusion because the cell is concentrating sodium and ridding itself of potassium.

False

The phospholipid molecule has two ends, the non-polar CHARGED end, and the polar UNCHARGED end.

False

Energy is always required to force molecules to move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

False.

The cellular mechanism of "active transport" involves the transport of insoluble chemicals across the membrane with protein acting as the carrier.

False.

Of the following types of transport, which two may the cell utilize if a large molecule or organism cannot pass through the membrane?

Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis.

The outer layer of a cell which acts as a gatekeeper to the cell is called the __________.

Plasma Membrane

1. Chromosome 2. Protein 3. Bilayer 4. Amino Acid 5. Nucleic Acid 6. Polar 7. Cytokinesis 8. Glucose 9. Biochemical 10. Phospholipid 11. Genes

1. A chromosome is a Rod-shaped structure contains the genes. 2. Protein is a long chain molecule made up of amino acid. 3. Bilayer means having two layers 4. Amino Acids are the chemical unit or building block of protein. 5. Nucleic Acids are groups of biochemicals including DNA and RNA. 6. Polar means to have a slightly negative and positive charged ends. 7. Cytokinesis causes the separation of the cytoplasm. 8. Glucose is blood sugar used by the cells in the production of energy. 9. Biochemical is a chemical substance coming from an organism. 10. Phospholipid makes up the plasma membrane together with protein. 11. Genes are segments of DNA contained on chromosomes.

Match each transport mechanism with a suitable analogy. 1. Facilitated diffusion 2. Active transport 3. Passive diffusion 4. Phagocytosis 5. Pinocytosis

1. Facilitated Diffusion is like a dog pulled on a wagon through a spring-loaded door. 2. Active transport is like a dog being dragged into a bathtub against its will. 3. Passive diffusion is like a crowded roomful of people gradually standing up, wandering around, and leaving the room. 4. Phagocytosis is like a child eating a doughnut. 5. Pinocytosis is like a woman drinking tea.

1. Cell engulfs molecules in cell "drinking" 2. Molecules helped by protein, move insoluble molecules across the plasma membrane 3. Molecules move in and out freely from high to low concentration 4. Cell engulfs microorganisms in cell "eating" 5. Molecules "pumped" in or out from low to high concentration 6. Oxygen, carbon dioxide 7. Transports sodium, potassium 8. Transports proteins, nucleic acids 9. Transports glucose, amino acids

1. Pinocytosis 2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Passive Diffusion 4. Phagocytosis 5. Active Transport 6. Passive Diffusion 7. Active Transport 8. Pinocytosis 9. Facilitated Diffusion

Which statements corresponds to cellular respiration?

CO2 diffuses passively out of the cell O 2 diffuses passively and then is converted to CO 2

The concentration of K+ within a cell is required to be ___________ than the external concentration.

The concentration of K+ within a cell is required to be higher than the external concentration.

The concentration of Na+ within a cell is required to be ____________ than the external concentration.

The concentration of Na+ within a cell is required to be lower than the external concentration.

The plasma membrane has a __________ of ___________ with ____________ dispersend throughout.

The plasma membrane has a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins dispersed throughout.

The role of protein in facilitated diffusion is to move insoluble molecules across the plasma membrane; diffusion supplies the power.

True.

When the required direction of transport is opposed to concentration levels, a cell __________ expend energy to force ___________ across its membrane.

When the required direction of transport is opposed to concentration levels, a cell will expend energy to force ions across its membrane.