Biology- unit 3

Which of the following is not a plant descended from the wild mustard plant?

Broccoli Cauliflower Kale Cabbage None of the above are correct*

A tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) plant species would normally be ______________; whereas a plant species with three sets of chromosomes would normally be ______________. This is due to whether or not meiosis may be completed correctly.

Infertile, fertile Fertile, infertile* Large, small Small, large None of the above are correct

The process by which new species originate:

Is extinction Occurred only once in Earth's history Is germination Is speciation* Occurred for millions of years but is no longer occurring

The bottleneck effect:

Is one cause of genetic drift Occurs when many members of a population reproduce causing too much genetic diversity within the population Occurs when many members of a population die, resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity Both A and B are correct* Both A and C are correct

The founder effect:

Is one cause of genetic drift Occurs when small groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves Occurs when large groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves Both A and B are correct* Both A and C are correct

The once accepted idea that an organism can inherit the traits that its parents acquired during their lifetimes:

Is uniformitarianism Is the theory of "inheritance of acquired characteristics" Was accepted by Lamarck Would mean that wading birds have long legs because their parents stretched their legs to remain above water All of the above are correct except A*

Marsupials are mammals that:

Lay eggs Carry their young in a pouch Are very common in Australia Both A and C are correct Both B and C are correct*

Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because:

Of sexual selection Red plumage makes males more susceptible to predation Red plumage is preferred by female cardinals in regard to choosing a mate Both A and B are correct Both A and C are correct*

Evolution occurs:

Only when the environment is changing Only through natural selection Almost entirely because of directional selection Through natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow or mutation*

Which of the following is (are) observations of nature made by Darwin?

Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproduce Individuals compete with one another for limited resources that enable them to survive All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

A gene that, when mutated leads to organisms with structures in abnormal places, is termed:

Parsimonious Homologous Homeotic* Vestigial Dominant

Within the last several centuries extinctions of species have occurred in:

Plants and only mammals in the animal kingdom Plants and only birds and fish in the animal kingdom All kingdoms of animals, but not plants Only lower life forms such as bacteria None of the above are correct*

If a chemical kills 85% of a population of insects, and 15% of the insects have a gene that resists the chemical, the chemical is responsible for

Population control Coevolution Hybridization Natural selection*

The first of many recorded extinctions due to direct human intervention was the extinction of the:

Dodo* Marmoset Passenger pigeon Wallaby Javan tiger

The theories of Thomas Malthus famously influenced some key ideas in Darwin's development natural selection, most notably concerning populations and competition for resources. In what subject was Malthus considered a renowned expert?

Economics* Population biology Sociology Geology

Each radioactive isotope:

Emits radiation as it decays Has its own specific half-life Decays at an unchangeable and characteristic rate All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

Postzygotic isolation barriers prevent:

Fertilization Male gametes from joining with female gametes Prevents a hybrid embryo from developing into a fertile adult* Both A and B are correct None of the above are correct

Evidence for evolution can include

Fossils Similarities in cytochrome C Similarities in anatomy All of the above*

Fossils may be:

From impressions left after an organism decays Formed as organic matter is replaced by minerals, turning to stone Formed when plant resin or tar preserves the specimen Casts from footprints that have filled with mud and then turned to stone All of the above are correct*

Where did some of the most compelling evidence for Darwin's theory of Natural selection come from?

Galapagos islands* Chilean highlands New Guinean rain forests None of the above

The type of reproductive isolation in which offspring are infertile because their chromosomes cannot align correctly during meiosis because of a different number of chromosomes being inherited from the two parents is:

Gametic isolation Mechanical isolation Hybrid infertility* Hybrid inviability Temporal isolation

The type of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated due to the sperm cells of one not being able to recognize the egg cells of the other is:

Gametic isolation* Hybrid inviability Temporal isolation Hybrid infertility Ecological isolation

The rate of background extinctions is calculated to be:

.1 to 1.0 species per year per million species* .001 to .01 species per year per million species 1.0 to 10 species per year per million species 10 to 100 species per year per million species None of the above are correct

If the frequency of the recessive allele for short fingers (f) is .22, what is the frequency of the dominant allele (F) in the population?

.88 .66 .78* .44

The geologic timeline describes how many mass extinctions in Earth's history?

1 6 3 5*

By using fossil evidence, paleontologists have concluded that most species exist from:

100 to 1,000 years before extinction 1000 to 10,000 years before extinction 10,000 to 100,000 years before extinction 100,000 to one million years before extinction One million to ten million years before extinction*

Island species are especially vulnerable to extinction because:

A single event like a hurricane may destroy a small island population The extinction of a prey species may destroy a small island population The introduction of a new predator may destroy a small island population Random fluctuations in birth and death rates may destroy the small population of an island All of the above are correct*

If many human genes differ in about 10% of their bases from another species' same genes and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 2% per one million years, then:

About 3 million years have passed since the two species diverged About 5 million years have passed since the two species diverged* About 10 million years have passed since the two species diverged About 20 million years have passed since the two species diverged None of the above are correct

If many genes from two species differ in about 5% of their bases and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 5% per one million years, then:

About 5 million years have passed since the two species diverged About 10 million years have passed since the two species diverged About 20 million years have passed since the two species diverged About 50 million years have passed since the two species diverged None of the above are correct*

The general approaches used by scientists to approximate when an organism lived are:

Absolute dating Peripheral dating Relative dating Both A and B are correct Both A and C are correct*

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:

Allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next Allele frequencies change from one generation to the next Evolution does not occur Both A and C are correct* Both B and C are correct

The spatial arrangements that may help cause speciation are:

Allopatric, allopathic and allelopathy Paraplegic, parapatric and paralegal Sympathetic, symphonic and sympatric Sympatric, parapatric and allopatric* Allopathic, paraplegic and sympathetic

in the geologic time scale used by our author the sequence of eras beginning with the earliest era and proceeding forward to the most recent era is:

Archean - Proterozoic - Paleozoic - Mesozoic - Cenozoic* Paleozoic - Proterozoic - Archean - Mesozoic - Cenozoic Cenozoic - Archean - Mesozoic - Paleozoic - Proterozoic Archean - Paleozoic - Proterozoic - Cenozoic - Mesozoic Mesozoic - Cenozoic - Paleozoic - Proterozoic - Archean

Mammals that lay eggs:

Are duck-billed platypuses Are echidnas Are penguins All of the above are correct Both A and B are correct*

the scientist given credit for devising the binomial naming system is:

Aristotle Charles Darwin Carrolus Linnaeus* Gregor Mendel Louis Pasteur

A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from:

At least 500 years ago At least 1000 years ago At least 10,000 years ago* At least 25,000 years ago At least 100,000 years ago

It is theorized that the Himalayan Mountains were formed:

Because of Earth's shifting continents Because the Indo-Australian plate collided with the Eurasian plate Because of the principles of plate tectonics All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

According to Darwin, natural selection usually:

Preserves favorable variations in a population Rejects harmful variations in a population Neither preserves nor rejects harmful variations in a population Both A and B are correct* Both A and C are correct

In what ways were the original conditions on the primordial earth different from those of the modern earth?

Primordial earth had no water. Primordial earth was much cooler. Primordial earth received less ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Primordial earth had no free oxygen. *

Types of dating used to date fossils include:

Relative dating Principle of superposition Carbon-14 dating Tree-ring comparisons All of the above are correct*

The mating call of a green tree frog does not attract a female cricket frog. This is an example of:

Seasonal isolation Behavioral isolation* Ecological isolation Geographical isolation

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution, these structures are:

Vestigial Analogous* Homologous Homeotic Systematic

Anatomical structures that are present but seem to have lost all or part of their ancestral function are called:

Vestigial structures* Analogous structures Homologous structures None of the above

If a structure has no apparent function in one species, yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species, this structure is termed:

Vestigial* Analogous Homologous Homeotic Systematic

Agents of allopathic speciation include:

Volcanoes Earthquakes Glaciers Floods All of the above are correct*

The human eye is often cited as an example of complexity and perfection that defies natural selection. What is the major flaw in the human eye that proves this to be false?

a blind spot caused by the optic nerve blood vessels supplying the eye are in front of the light sensing cells of the retina the light sensing cells of the retina form a separate, fragile layer that can tear and detach inside the eye All of these answers are correct. *

The wing of a bird, the front leg of a dog, and the flipper of a whale all share a common bone architecture and ancestry and are said to be _________________.

analogous vestigial homologous* designed

A phylogeny is a description of a group of similar organisms and their common ancestors

true

A polyphyletic group is a group of species that exclude the most recent common ancestor.

true

Artificial selection is responsible for many breeds of dogs and cats.

true

Cytochrome C evolves slowly at the background rate of mutation because it is not acted on by natural selection.

true

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

true

Dinosaurs lived essentially during the Mesozoic era.

true

Each branch on a cladogram is a clade distinguished by characteristics that appear only in its members.

true

Earth's history spans about 4.6 billion years.

true

In an evolutionary sense, "fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

true

Mules are not considered a distinct species because their chromosomes are not homologous.

true

Placental mammals give birth to more fully developed offspring than marsupial mammals and therefore have a greater chance of survival. This helps to explain why placental mammals from North America displaced many native South American marsupial mammals when a land bridge formed between the two continents.

true

Sexual selection is a type of natural selection resulting from variation in the ability to obtain mates.

true

Systematics utilizes taxonomy and evolutionary relationships to organize life's diversity into groups that reflect evolutionary history.

true

The abundance of different sized seeds on the Galapagos Islands over a period of time helped in determining the average width of the beaks of the finch population.

true

The abundant presence of ammonite fossils in a large area indicate that the area was once part of an ocean.

true

The smaller the initial population size the less likely it will endure a major environmental change.

true

The speciation that occurred in the islands of the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Hispaniola) with lizards called anoles is an example of adaptive radiation.

true

The techniques used to study molecular evolution are based on the comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among species.

true

Today scientists can fill in gaps in defining species by DNA sequence analysis.

true

Today, 40% of hospital Staphylococcus infections are resistant to all antibiotics except one.

true

Upon his return in 1835 Charles Darwin was an instant celebrity.

true

the fossil record is often incomplete, simply because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth.

true

Which of the following can form new species most rapidly?

behavioral isolation Parapatric speciation Polyploidy* geographic isolation

Charles Darwin's conclusions on evolution and natural section came from which of the 4 lines of evidence for evolution?

comparison of embryos Comparative anatomy* Molecular evidence Biogeography

Ichthyosaurs were aquatic dinosaurs. Fossils show them to have had a dorsal fin very similar to that of dolphins and modern sharks even though their closest relatives were terrestrial dinosaurs. This is an example of

convergent evolution* homologous structures adaptive radiation both A and B both B and C

Choose the phrase that best represents microevolutionary change.

darker skin after hours spent in a tanning booth changes in gene frequency in a population* new forms of animals replacing older ones major episodes of extinction

The three types of natural selection are:

directional selection, disruptive selection, stabilizing selection

Dinosaurs lived essentially during the Paleozoic era.

false

Evolution does answer the question as to how life originally began.

false

Evolution occurs in individuals, not populations.

false

Mules are considered to be a distinct species because they produce fertile offspring when mated.

false

Natural populations usually fulfill the conditions needed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

false

Recent molecular evidence has confirmed that hippos are more closely related to pigs than to whales.

false

Skeletal organization relating to limbs used for movement in vertebrates would be an example of analogous structures.

false

Studies using mtDNA have revealed that the monotremes are a side branch of the placental mammals rather than a separate lineage.

false

The theory of evolution seeks to answer the question as to how life on Earth originally began.

false

Small populations that become isolated can demonstrate very high frequencies of detrimental alleles due to

high mutation rates the founder's effect* bottlenecking none of the above

How often a gene occurs in a population is called

A gene pool Gene frequency* Population Species

Scientists describe long ago events in the context of:

A geological time scale A time line consisting of eras, divided into periods and epochs A time line consisting of eons, divided into epochs and periods Both A and B are correct* Both A and C are correct

Ernst Mayr defined a biological species as:

A group of closely related organisms A population, whose members can interbreed A population or group of populations that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring* A group of organisms that live in the same ecosystem, that can interbreed and produce offspring All of the above are correct

Comparing similar structures in different organisms is called

A molecular clock Nucleic acid comparisons Comparative anatomy/morphology* Protein comparisons

According to Darwin, which of the following would explain the development of the long neck in a giraffe?

A mutation occurred causing the change in neck length Females selected males with long necks for mating More offspring having long necks were produced and survived than those having short necks. All of the above*

A species is a group of organisms that

Can produce fertile offspring* All live in the same place Always look the same in size and color Have the same genes

Zebroids, mules and ligers are all:

Capable of producing fertile offspring Incapable of producing fertile offspring Hybrids Both A and B are correct Both B and C are correct*

The geologist who, in 1830, renewed the idea of uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was:

Charles Darwin James Hutton Jean Lamarck Georges Buffon Charles Lyell*

In 1785, the theory of uniformitarianism was proposed by:

Charles Darwin James Hutton* Georges Cuvier Georges Buffon Charles Lyell

Phylogenies are:

Charts that show the presence or absence of disease in families Evolutionary trees Depict species' relationships based on descent from shared ancestors Both A and B are correct Both B and C are correct*

In systematics, a group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and some but not all of its descendants are defined as a:

Clade Cladogram Paraphyletic group* Polyphyletic group None of the above are correct

Which of the following would explain why a tuna, a squid, and a bottlenose dolphin all have a similar shape?

Cladograms Homologous features Disruptive selection Convergent evolution*

The Mesozoic era:

Contains two main periods Contains three main periods* Is the first era in the geological time scale Is the longest of the eras in regard to time Is the era in which bony fishes, amphibians and reptiles arise

The formation of a new species due to geographical barriers is called

Convergent evolution Allopatric speciation* Sympatric speciation Hybrid sterility

Both bats and insects have wings. However, bats and insects do not have a common ancestor. This is an example of

Convergent evolution* Adaptive radiation Divergent evolution Evolutionary repetition

The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by:

Creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight Causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature Destroying plant life on Earth Both A and C are correct* Both B and C are correct

The theory of Natural Selection was proposed by

Darwin and Wallace* Lamarck Mendel and Miller Oparin and Haldane

How did Charles Darwin and his traveling companion Captain Fitzroy differ?

Darwin was a soldier Darwin was an atheist Fitzroy was a devout Anglican* Fitzroy was not educated

Convergent evolution means:

Different organisms will never have similar traits That different organisms may have similar traits That organisms living in similar habitats may develop similar traits even though they are not closely related Both B and C are correct* None of the above are correct

The mode of natural selection in which two or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the intermediate phenotype is:

Directive selection Disruptive selection* Stabilizing selection Artificial selection Convergent selection

The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is fittest and the environment selects against the others is:

Directive selection* Disruptive selection Stabilizing selection Artificial selection Convergent selection

The entire collection of genes and their alleles is a population's:

Genotype Gene pool* Phenotype Dominant traits Recessive traits

A discontinued line in an evolutionary tree indicates:

Gradualism Extinction* Punctuated equilibrium Convergent evolution Temporal isolation

Why would studying HIV be beneficial in the discussion of natural selection and evolution?

HIV is not used to study natural selection because viruses are not alive It is constrained to the human body It is capable of rapid change* Because many medicines can treat it

Mass extinctions:

Have never occurred Have periodically opened vast new habitats for adaptive radiation to occur May have been caused by the impact of a large meteorite or comet with Earth Both B and C are correct* None of the above are correct

Polyploid means:

Having three or more sets of chromosomes* Having only one set of chromosomes Having three or more chromosomes Having an abnormal number of one particular chromosome Having an abnormal number of two or more individual chromosomes

Genetic change in a population over time defines which of the following?

Heredity Mitosis Evolution* Phenotype Genotype

Which of the following are grouped correctly in regard to postzygotic isolation?

Horses, mules and lions Lions, tigers and donkeys Zebras, lions and ligers Zebras, zebroids and horses Ligers, mules and zebroids*

Today an alarming increase in the background extinction rate is occurring for many types of organisms due to:

Human intervention Global warming Loss of habitat Both A and B are correct Both A and C are correct*

Extinction of a species may be due to:

Human intervention Introduction of a new predator A matter of "bad luck" Loss of habitat All of the above are correct*

Directional selection occurs when:

Humans determine which organisms will survive Organisms at one extreme of the population are selected for* The intermediate forms in the population are selected for Organisms at both extremes are selected against

Donkeys and horses are able to mate and produce offspring called mules. Mules live a normal life span but are sterile. Horses and donkeys remain genetically isolated because of

Hybrid infertility* behavioral isolation hybrid inviability mechanical isolation

It is believed that the two main reasons for mass extinctions in Earth's history have been:

Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and human intervention* Global warming and human intervention Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and shifting of Earth's continents Human intervention and shifting of Earth's continents Global warming and shifting of Earth's continents

"mtDNA" represents DNA only from the mother's lineage because:

Males do not contain mitochondria in their cells The mitochondria of sperm cells are destroyed once they enter egg cells Sperm cells usually do not donate mitochondria to eggs during fertilization* The DNA of mitochondria from sperm cells is inactivated once inside the egg cell None of the above are correct

The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America, but today most South American marsupials have become extinct. The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is:

Marsupials were able to flourish in Australia because of its isolation from other land masses South American marsupials were displaced by placental mammals when a land bridge formed between North America and South America about seven million years ago Placental mammals are more fully developed than marsupials when born and therefore have a better chance of survival after birth All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is based on a number of assumptions. Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Mating occurs non-randomly, and mates exert preferences. * The size of the population is large. There is no migration. There are no mutations.

"mtDNA":

Means mitochondrial DNA Has been used to match kidnapped children to their birth mothers Has been used to trace human origins Has been used in support of the "out of Africa" hypothesis All of the above are correct*

The relatively short-term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is:

Microevolution* Convergent evolution Artificial selection Natural selection The principle of superposition

Natural selection tends to reduce variation in gene pools. Which process serves to balance natural selection by creating new alleles?

Migration Sex Mutation* Reproduction

Which of the following would NOT cause a change in the gene frequency of a population?

Migration of organisms in or out of the population. Random mating* Widespread disease causing the death of many organisms Mutations

The type of evidence (studies) providing support for evolution include:

Molecular evidence Fossil evidence Biogeographical evidence All of the above are correct* Only B and C are correct

Balanced polymorphism" means that:

Multiple alleles of a gene persist indefinitely in a population* Many genes that affect the same trait persist indefinitely in a population Only a dominant and recessive allele exist for each trait in a population Many traits persist in a population that are controlled by only a single allele None of the above are correct

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium occurs only in populations that meet which of the following requirements?

Mutations do not occur Individuals mate at random Natural selection does not occur A and B are correct, but C is incorrect A, B and C are correct*

The types of living organisms on Earth have changed over time, new species have originated, and existing species have disappeared. The term that best describes this ever-changing panorama of life is:

Speciation Macroevolution Extinction* Alternation of generations Hybridization

The types of living organisms on Earth have changed over time, new species have originated and existing species have disappeared. The term that best describes this ever changing panorama of life is:

Speciation Macroevolution* Extinction Alternation of generations Hybridization

Cheetahs have been overhunted drastically reducing the gene pool. This is an example of:

Speciation The founder principle The bottleneck effect* Extinction

A group consisting of a common ancestor and all of its descendants is a:

Species Genus Clade* Phylum Order

Birds and theropods share _______________ similarities.

Structural Behavioral Reproductive All of the above are correct* Both A and C are correct

Species that avoid competition by living in different portions of the habitat or using different resources are:

Sympatric* Allopatric Co-evolved Predator

Which of the following is NOT a form of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Temporal isolation Genetic isolation* Mechanical isolation Ecological isolation

The idea that evolution proceeds in small, incremental changes over many generations is:

Temporal isolation Punctuated equilibrium Catastrophism Gradualism* Temporal equilibrium

The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is:

Temporal isolation Punctuated equilibrium* Catastrophism Gradualism Temporal equilibrium

The percentage of Amish people having Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is unusually high because the Amish:

Tend to marry among themselves* Tend to not seek prenatal medical treatment Tend to have a diet very low in saturated fat Tend to not drink alcoholic beverages Tend to have excessively long work days

Which of the following factors slow down evolution?

Tendency toward chromosome breakage Rapid environmental change Rapid immigration A short generation time None of the above are correct*

The abundant remains of ammonites in Oklahoma indicate:

That Oklahoma was in the past a vast desert with almost no rainfall That Oklahoma was in the past covered by a shallow ocean* That Oklahoma was in the past part of a mountain range that has now eroded That Oklahoma was part of a vast tropical forest None of the above are correct

The number of differences between human cytochrome c and cytochrome c of some other organisms is as follows: Rhesus monkey - 1 difference; Pigeon - 12 differences; Fruit fly - 24 differences. Since similarities in amino acid sequences for cytochrome c parallel the degree of relatedness between these species, this information tells us:

That humans are more related to pigeons than fruit flies That humans are more related to Rhesus monkeys than fruit flies That humans are more related to Rhesus monkeys than pigeons All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

The ship that Charles Darwin sailed on during his five-year voyage in which he made most of his observations that led to the publishing of "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" was:

The HMS Eagle The HMS Pentafore The HMS Basset The HMS Beagle* The Santa Maria

In rivers of Nepal, fossils of ammonites are found. The most likely explanation for this is:

The mountains of Nepal were once an ocean floor* Ammonites were organisms that lived in mountain ranges Ammonites were able to migrate from oceans to the rivers of mountains All of the above are correct None of the above are correct

A cigarette smoker with lung cancer will not pass any smoking-induced lung cancer mutations to his children because:

The smoking-induced mutations are in somatic cells The smoking-induced mutations are not in germ cells The smoking-induced mutations are not in gametes All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

The fossil record is in many cases incomplete because:

The vast majority of organisms never left a fossil trace Many organisms rapidly decomposed after death Many organisms were eaten after death Many fossils are never discovered because of their location (buried deep in the earth) All of the above are correct*

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect common ancestry, these structures are:

Vestigial Analogous Homologous* Homeotic Systematic

Charles Darwin drew the concepts of competition, population controls, and limiting resources from what source?

Thomas Malthus - Economist - Principles of Population* Benjamin Franklin - Philosopher/Scientist - Principles of Trade Georges Cuvier - Anatomist - Extinctions Charles Lyell - Geologist - Principles of Geology

When Pangaea broke apart, it formed:

Two continents Gondwana Laurasia All of the above are correct* None of the above are correct

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p + q = 1, p and q represent the frequency of both alleles in a population of diploid organisms if:

Two or more alleles exist for that gene Two or more genes are needed to express a trait Only two alleles exist for that gene* The trait is polygenic None of the above are correct

A gradual change from an ancestral type was referred to by Darwin as:

Uniformitarianism Catastrophism Descent with modification* Convergent evolution Principle of superposition

Microevolution applies to changes that occur

only within small populations of organisms. in small regions of DNA. to the allele frequencies in a population or species.* to small cells like bacteria.

How are artificial and natural selection similar?

they both work towards a specific goal of improving the organism they both rely on human intervention They both select for specific traits within a population* They are process that primarily affect animals