BIOS 100 EXAM 4
A cell from the liver of a tuna is placed in ocean water. What would be a correct description of this situation? A. The cell has been placed in a hypertonic solution B. The cell has been placed in a hypotonic solution C. The cell has been placed in an isotonic solution D. The lake water is hypertonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell E. The lake water is isotonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell
A
A red blood cell from a goldfish is placed in the water that the fish is usually swimming in. What is the tonicity of the water relative to the cytoplasm of the cell, and what will happen to the cell? A. Hypotonic; cell bursts B. Hypertonic; cell shrinks C. Hypotonic; cell shrinks D. Hypertonic; cell bursts E. Isotonic; no change in cell.
A
A woman standing and watching the stars on a cool, calm night will lose most of her body heat by which mechanism? A. Radiation B. Convection C. Conduction D. Evaporation E. Condensation
A
According to the article "Three Biological Parents and a Baby" by Karen Weintraub, what does Nita Farahany, a professor of law, philosophy and genome sciences and policy at Duke University, have to say about mitochondrial replacement? The technique is "not only promising, but morally preferable to leaving a woman without a choice for having her own healthy genetic children." She does not see how it could be ethical She believes it should be banned worldwide She believes that it may lead to large numbers of birth defects The technique is a threat to all future generations
A
All flowering plants are seed plants, but not all seed plants are flowering plants A. True B. False
A
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) results in A. an increase in water permeability in cells of the collecting duct B. an increase flow of water from the tissues to the collecting duct lumen C. an increase in glucose transport across the collecting duct lumen D. an increase in the activity of Na/K ATPase pumps in epithelial cells of the proximal tubule E. A & B
A
Glucose is reabsorbed from the proximal tubule into the blood through what process? A. co-transport with sodium B. passive diffusion across the cell membrane C. Osmosis through aquaporins D. primary active transport mediated by ATP E. secondary transport with potassium, sodium and chloride
A
Imagine a kidney epithelial cell from the proximal tubule that has such that the Na/K/ATPase in the basolateral membrane, the sodium/glucose transporter in the apical membrane, and the sodium-independent glucose transporter is in the basolateral membrane. In this scenario, A. glucose would be removed from the lumen and put into the extracellular fluids near capillaries B. glucose would flow from the extracellular fluids into the lumen C. the Na/K/ATPase would not function but the other pumps would function D. the kidney epithelial cell cytoplasm would have very low concentrations of glucose all the time E. none of the pumps would be operational
A
Imagine a shark rectal gland with the Na/K ATPase in the basolateral membrane, the chloride channels in the apical membrane, the Na/K/Cl cotransporter in the basolateral membrane and the potassium channels in the basolateral membrane. Under these circumstances, A. salt would flow out of the extracellular fluids and into the lumen of the rectal gland B. salt would flow out of the lumen and into the extracellular fluids of the shark C. there would be no net flow of salt across the epithelial cells of the shark rectal gland D. Sodium would flow into the lumen of the gland but chloride would flow into the extracellular fluids E. Chloride would flow into the lumen but sodium would flow into the extracellular fluids.
A
Movement of sodium out of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the shark rectal gland is an example of A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. facilitated transport D. Na/Cl dependent transporters E. Cl transport
A
The force driving simple diffusion is _____, while the energy source for active transport is _____. A. the concentration gradient; ATP B. phosphorylated protein carriers; ATP C. the concentration gradient; ADP D. transmembrane pumps; electron transport E. ATP; phosphorylated proteins.
A
The rate at which molecules and ions can move across the membrane of a cell depends most directly on A. the surface area available for diffusion B. the volume of the cell C. the composition of the cytoplasm D. whether the cell is shaped like a square or a circle E. none of the above; it does not change
A
The receptive site for pollen in an angiosperm is the: A. Stigma B. Style
A
The tissue comprising the cone scale of a pine cone is: A. Diploid, sporophyte tissue B. Haploid, gametophyte tissue
A
Under the influence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), A. more concentrated urine is produced B. less concentrated urine is produced C. sodium is reabsorbed into the extracellular solution D. glucose uptake by the kidney is enhanced E. sodium/potassium pumps in epithelial cells are activated
A
Which animal is likely to have a problem with hyperthermia? A. elephant B. lion C. horse D. mouse E. ant
A
You're out strolling through the woods when you see some moss. This moss is representative of the ________ generation. Its cells are _________. A. Gametophyte; haploid C. Sporophyte; haploid
A
A cell from a great white shark is placed in lake water. What would be a correct description of this situation? A. The cell has been placed in a hypertonic solution B. The cell has been placed in a hypotonic solution C. The cell has been placed in an isotonic solution D. The lake water is hypertonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell E. The lake water is isotonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell
B
A cell from a great white shark is placed in lake water. What would be a correct description of this situation? A. The cell has been placed in a hypertonic solution B. The cell has been placed in a hypotonic solution C. The cell has been placed in an isotonic solution D. The lake water is hypertonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell E. The lake water is isotonic compared to the cytoplasmic fluid of the cell
B
A steroid hormone A. binds to a protein in the plasma membrane of a cell to induce its effects B. can cross cell membranes relatively easily C. binds to histones that envelope and bind to DNA D. initiates a cascade of intracellular messengers within the cytoplasm when bound to a protein in the cytoplasm E. always stays within the cell that produces it
B
Aquaporins in kidney cells of the proximal tubule A. Enable water to flow from the extracellular fluids to the lumen B. Enable water to flow from the lumen to the extracellular fluids C. increase the osmotic pressure difference on one side of the kidney plasma membrane compared to the other side D. allow for the flow of sodium, chloride and potassium across the cell E. allow for the flow of sodium, chloride, potassium and water across the cell
B
G proteins A. bind directly to DNA B. interact closely with G-protein coupled receptor molecules in the plasma membrane of cells C. can easily cross cell membranes D. split into many hundreds of second messenger molecules when activated E. are found in the nucleus of many cells
B
Imagine a kidney epithelial cell from the proximal tubule that has been modified such that the Na/K/ATPase is in the apical membrane, the sodium/glucose transporter is in the basolateral membrane, and the sodium-independent glucose transporter is in the apical membrane. In this scenario, A) glucose would be removed from the lumen and put into the extracellular fluids near capillaries B) glucose would flow from the extracellular fluids into the lumen C) the Na/K/ATPase would not function but the other pumps would function D) the kidney epithelial cell cytoplasm would have very low concentrations of glucose all the time E) none of the pumps would be operational
B
Imagine a kidney epithelial cell from the proximal tubule that has been modified such that the Na/K/ATPase is in the apical membrane, the sodium/glucose transporter is in the basolateral membrane, and the sodium-independent glucose transporter is in the apical membrane. In this scenario, A. glucose would be removed from the lumen and put into the extracellular fluids near capillaries B. glucose would flow from the extracellular fluids into the lumen C. the Na/K/ATPase would not function but the other pumps would function D. the kidney epithelial cell cytoplasm would have very low concentrations of glucose all the time E. none of the pumps would be operational
B
Imagine a shark rectal gland with the Na/K ATPase in the apical membrane, the chloride channels in the basolateral membrane, the Na/K/Cl cotransporter in the apical membrane and the potassium channels in the apical membrane. Under these circumstances, A. salt would flow out of the extracellular fluids and into the lumen of the rectal gland B. salt would flow out of the lumen and into the extracellular fluids of the shark C. there would be no net flow of salt across the epithelial cells of the shark rectal gland D. Sodium would flow into the lumen of the gland but chloride would flow into the extracellular fluids E. Chloride would flow into the lumen but sodium would flow into the extracellular fluids.
B
In the descending loop of Henle, A. glucose is reasobsorbed B. water flows from the lumen into blood capillaries C. salts flow out of the lumen into the extracellular space D. salts flow into the lumen from the extracellular space E. red blood cells are filtered out of the blood
B
Male and female gametophytes are present in mosses and ferns, but not in pine trees and flowering plants. A. True B. False
B
Movement of vitamins through the apical membrane of epithelial cells of the proximal tubule of the kidney occurs by A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. facilitated transport D. Na/Cl dependent transporters E. Cl transport
B
The glucose transporter on the apical face of epithelial cells of the proximal tubule A. use the sodium gradient to power glucose out of the cell B. use the sodium gradient to power glucose into the cell C. allow glucose to diffuse passively from into to out of the cell D. uses ATP to move glucose from the lumen to the extracellular space E. uses chloride to facilitate the movement of glucose across the cell membrane.
B
The rate at which a cell uses nutrients and produces waste products depends most directly on A. the surface area available for diffusion B. the volume of the cell C. the composition of the cytoplasm D. whether the cell is shaped like a square or a circle E. none of the above; it does not change
B
The sodium/glucose transporter of kidney epithelial cells is considered to operate by A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. tertiary active transport D. passive diffusion E. osmotic pressure
B
There have been two major coevolutionary events between angiosperms and animals. The first occurred over 100 million years ago when large fruits evolved to be eaten by the dinosaurs of the times. The second occurred much later, about 60 million years ago, when flowers evolved to be pollinated by birds and insects. A. True B. False
B
To maintain homeostasis freshwater fish like goldfish must _____. A. excrete large quantities of electrolytes B. excrete large quantities of water C. take in electrolytes through simple diffusion D. consume large quantities of water E. have special salt secretion glands powered by large quantities of ATP
B
What is the male gametophyte in a pine tree? A. The sperm B. The pollen grain D. The ovulate cone E. C & D
B
When comparing a mouse to an elephant, the mouse has a _____ surface area to volume ratio and a _____ mass-specific basal metabolic rate A. lower; lower B. higher; higher C. lower; higher D. higher; lower E. none of the above
B
Which of the following stem cell types can produce several types of cells, but not many and not only one? A. Unipotent B. Oligopotent C. Pluripotent D. Totipotent E. Omnipotent
B
Which regions of the nephron function independently of hormonal control for the most part? A. Proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule B. Renal corpuscle, proximal tubule, and loop of Henle. C. Distal tubule and collecting duct. D. Renal corpuscle and collecting duct. E. Only the renal corpuscle
B
________ frequently produce seeds very full of food but containing unfertilized eggs. A. Angiosperms B. Pine trees C. Ferns D. A&B E. A,B,&C
B
According to the article "How tests make us smarter", how effective are underlining, highlighting and rereading in learning material? A. Highly effective B. Moderately effective C. They create the illusion of mastery but are largely wasted effort. D. They actually decrease learning and memorization E. They are effective for about half the class and hurtful for half the class
C
According to the article "Three Biological Parents and a Baby" by Karen Weintraub, what does Sheldon Krimsky, a bioethicist and professor of urban and environmental policy and planning at Tufts University, gave to say about mitochondrial replacement? A. It is clearly ethical and desperately needed B. It is a technique that should be used sparingly C. He doesn't see how this could be ethical D. He provided strong support to the FDA in favor of mitochondrial replacement E. He is conducting classes of physicians to encourage them to use the procedure
C
An extracellular signaling molecule that binds to a protein receptor coupled to a G-protein A. can move into the nucleus and bind directly to DNA B. first needs to cross the plasma membrane of the cell to do so C. causes the G protein to split into to parts and so become activated D. can bind to a transcription factor which then can bind RNA
C
As blood flows through the glomerulus, what is filtered out? A. Wastes only B. Electrolytes and wastes C. Electrolytes, glucose and wastes D. Electrolytes, glucose, wastes and large proteins E. Electrolytes, glucose, wastes, large proteins and cells
C
Desmosomes are made up of A. hemigap-junctional proteins B. connexin proteins C. cadherins associated with intermediate fillaments D. actin and myosin E. many collagen bundles organized at 90 degree intersections
C
If a red blood cell is placed in a salt solution and bursts, what is the tonicity of the solution relative to the interior of the cell? A. isotonic B. hyperosmotic C. hypoosmotic D. osmotic E. otoosmotic
C
If the concentration of glucose in a solution is increased ten times, the osmotic pressure of the solution A. Does not change B. increases two-fold C. increases 10 fold D. increases 100 fold E. increases 1000 fold
C
Insulin A. Cross cell membranes relatively easily B. Bind to receptor proteins in the cytoplasm C. bind to receptor proteins in the plasma membranes of cells D. bind directly to DNA E. A&B
C
Most marine fish would be consider to be A. heterothermic ectotherms B. homeothermic endotherms C. homeothermic ectotherms D. heterothermic endotherms E. ectothermic ectoderms
C
Movement of glucose through the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells of the proximal tubule of the kidney occurs by A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. facilitated transport D. Na/Cl dependent transporters E. Cl transport
C
Some animals have no gills when young, but then develop gills that grow larger as the animal grows larger. What is the reason for this increase in gill size? A. The young have a higher basal metabolic rate. B. The young of these animals are much more active than the adult, which leads to a higher BMR (basal metabolic rate) and, therefore, a higher need for oxygen C. Relative to their volume, the young have more surface area across which they can transport all the oxygen they need D. Relative to their surface area, the young have more body volume in which they can store oxygen for long periods of time. E. The young are much more flexible in their metabolic needs than the adults
C
Steroid hormones A. interact with G proteins to initiate cellular responses B. bind directly to the DNA of a nucleus C. bind to proteins in the cytoplasm of cells that then bind to DNA in the nucleus D. activate enzymes which produce second messenger molecules E. bind to miRNA molecules to affect translation
C
The aquaporins found in kidney epithelial cells rely on ____ to transport water across the cell membrane A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. facilitated transport D. Na/Cl dependent transporters E. Cl transport
C
The aquaporins found in kidney epithelial cells rely on ____ to transport water across the cell membrane A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. osmosis D. Na/Cl dependent transporters E. Cl transport
C
The blood from a great white shark is pumped into a chamber (marked "A") and ocean water in which the fish had been swimming is placed in a second container (marked "B"). The two containers are placed adjacent to one another and separated by a thin membrane that will allow water to flow. What will happen over time? A. There will be a large flow of water from chamber A to chamber B. B. There will be a large flow of water from chamber B to chamber A. C. There will be no net flow of water between the two containers. D. The red blood cells in the blood will explode E. The red blood cells will shrink
C
The majority of glucose reabsorption occurs at the level of A. the glomerulus B. Bowman's capsule C. Proximal tubule D. Distal tubule E. Loop of Henle
C
The transport of glucose across the basolateral surface of kidney epithelial cells is accomplished by A. primary active transport B. secondary active transport C. facilitated diffusion D. diffusion directly through the plasma membrane of the cell E. tertiary transport
C
To maintain homeostasis freshwater fish must A. take in electrolytes through simple diffusion B. consume large quantities of water C. excrete large quantities of water D. excrete large quantities of electrolytes E. have a large surface area to volume ratio
C
What did the 2012 Nobel Prize winner Shinya Yamanaka discover/create? A. Telomerase and its relation to cell longevity B. in vitro fertilization C. induced pluripotent stem cells D. sculpted kidneys shaped using collagen E. Osmotic flow in the shark renal gland
C
What is the product of meiosis in a fern (pteridophyte)? A. AneggcellB. Aspermcell C. Aspore D. AorB E. A,B,orC
C
Which term best describes an animal that, although generating a significant amount of heat through metabolism, does not maintain a constant body temperature? A. heterothermic ectotherm B. homeothermic ectotherm C. heterothermic endotherm D. homeothermic endotherm E. ectodermic endotherm
C
A spherical cell increases in radius from 5 um to 50 um. Its surface area A. is unchanged. B. increases by 2X C. increases by 10 X D. increases by 100 X E. increases by 1000 X
D
A spherical cell increases in radius from 5 um to 50 um. Its surface area to volume ratio A. increases by a factor of 100 B. increases by a factor of 10 C. stays the same D. decreases by a factor of 10 E. decreases by a factor of 100
D
According to the article "Frequent Tests Can Enhance College Learning", the authors state that A. The effect is actually quite small B. It only works on materials in the humanities C. It only works on materials in the sciences D. It is particularly strong for students from low-income households E. None of the above
D
Antidiuretic hormone A. increases filtration at the level of the loop of Henle B. promotes the flow of water from the extracellular fluids into the lumen C. prevents excessive salt loss D. causes the insertion of aquaporin molecules into the epithelial cells forming the collecting duct E. increases water flow from the interstitial space into the lumen of the collecting duct
D
Antidiuretic hormone A. increases filtration at the level of the loop of Henle B. promotes the flow of water from the extracellular fluids into the lumen C. prevents excessive salt loss D. causes the insertion of aquaporin molecules into the epithelial cells forming the collecting duct E. increases water flow from the interstitial space into the lumen of the collecting duct
D
As fluid inside the lumen moves up the ascending loop of Henle, the surrounding interstitial (extracellular) fluid becomes _____ concentrated than the lumen solution, so _____ leaves the lumen and enters the extracellular space. A. more; sodium B. less; water C. more; water D. less; sodium E. more; water and urea
D
If a shark were born with an inability to pump large amounts of urea into its blood, what would happen? A. the shark rectal gland would no longer be able to excrete sodium B. large amounts of water would flow into the shark C. the shark rectal gland would no longer be able to excrete potassium D. large amounts of water would flow out of the shark E. the shark rectal epithelial cells would now permit sodium and chloride to flow into the shark.
D
If a shark were born with an inability to pump large amounts of urea into its blood, what would happen? A. the shark rectal gland would no longer be able to excrete sodium B. large amounts of water would flow into the shark C. the shark rectal gland would no longer be able to excrete potassium D. large amounts of water would flow out of the shark E. the shark rectal epithelial cells would now permit sodium and chloride to flow into the shark.
D
If internal calcium did not increase in a cell after fertilization, A. mitosis would not proceed B. meiosis would not proceed C. cells would not undergo cytokinesis D. polyspermy would occur E. non-disjuntctin would occur
D
In which region of the nephron is a steep osmotic gradient created? A. glomerulus B. distal tubule C. proximal tubule D. loop of Henle E. collecting duct
D
Steroid hormones A. Activate G proteins to induce an intracellular signal B. bind directly to DNA C. generate many second messenger molecules in the cytoplasm D. bind to transcription factors and induce the transcription factors to bind to DNA E. Never cross into the nucleus of a cell.
D
The force driving simple diffusion is _____, while the energy source for active transport is A. the concentration gradient; ADP B. phosphorylated protein carriers; ATP C. transmembrane pumps; electron transport D. the concentration gradient; ATP E. ADP; ATP
D
The osmolarity of ocean water is such as to A. exert considerable pressure to drive fluids out of a shark B. exert considerable pressure to drive fluids into a shark C. drive salts out of a shark into the ocean D. exert very little pressure on the flow of fluids into or out of the shark E. cause the shark rectal gland to accumulate large amounts of salt in the shark's extracellular body fluids
D
Where are potassium channels located in the epithelium of the shark rectal gland? A. Apical membrane B. Cytoplasm C. Microvilli D. Basolateral membrane E. Endothelium of the cell
D
Where does gametogenesis occur in a fern? A. The sporangia B. The archegonia C. Antheridia D. B & C E. A, B, C
D
Which is an example of an ectotherm? A. humans B. bees C. rats D. freshwater and marine invertebrates E birds
D
Which of the following statements is true regarding the function of the Na/K ATPase (the sodium/potassium ATP pump)? A. The cell does not expend energy in making the pump function B. Potassium ions are transported down their concentration gradient C. Sodium ions are transported down their concentration gradient D. Both sodium and potassium ions are transported against their concentration gradients E. This pump is an example of a co-transporter
D
Which of these membrane proteins in epithelial cells of the shark rectal gland is involved in secondary active transport? A. Chloride channel B. Potassium channel C. Na/K ATPase D. sodium/chloride/potassium cotransporter E. gap junctional channels between epithelial cells
D
Which term describes a mechanism by which the internal conditions of an organism are kept at set values without regard to the external conditions? A. Negative feedback B. Thermoregulation C. Allosteric regulation D. Regulatory homeostasis E. Sensation & Perception
D
You're walking through the woods and see a fern. This fern is representative of the _________ generation. The tissues are __________. A. gametophyte; haploid B. gametophyte; diploid C. sporophyte; haploid D. sporophyte; diploid
D
A human who has no access to fresh water but is forced to drink seawater instead will A. develop structural changes in the kidneys to accommodate the salt overload B. find that drinking saltwater satiates his thirst C. thrive under such conditions, as long as he has lived at the ocean most of his life D. risk becoming overhydrated within twelve hours E. excrete more water molecules than taken in, because of the high load of ion ingestion
E
A red blood cell from a shark is placed in the water that the fish is usually swimming in. Which statement is correct? A. Sodium will tend to flow into the cell B. Sodium will tend to flow out of the cell C. Urea will flow into the cell D. Urea will flow out of the cell E. A & D
E
A spherical cell increases in radius from 5 um to 50 um. Its volume A. is unchanged. B. increases by 2X C. increases by 10 X D. increases by 100 X E. increases by 1000 X
E
After fluid passes from the capillaries to the interior of Bowman's capsule, the fluid is likely to contain A. water B. glucose C. large proteins D. red blood cells E. A&B
E
An ocean shark is placed in a water tank where goldfish are normally kept. What is likely to happen? A. Large amounts of water will enter the shark B. Large amounts of water will flow out of the shark C. Large amounts of salt will flow out of the shark D. There will be no pressure difference forcing water either into or out of the shark E. A&C
E
At the ascending loop of Henle, A. salt can move from the lumen due to passive transport B. salt can move from the lumen due to active transport C. water can move from the lumen into the surrounding capillaries D. water can move from the surrounding capillaries into the lumen E. A & B
E
Cells of the proximal tubule are characterized by A. many microvilli B. large numbers of mitochondria C. large numbers of microtubules D. a very high degree of leakiness between cells E. A&B
E
Dolly the sheep was cloned using mammary cells from one sheep and oocytes from another strain of sheep. If instead of mammary cells an experimenter were to try using cells from the kidney, what in principle might one expect to happen? A. it is not expected to be possible to use a kidney cell because it is too highly specialized B. placement of the nucleus of a kidney cell in an oocyte having its own nucleus removed would produce cells that could undergo mitosis, but all would be oligopotent cells. C. the cell would undergo mitosis but stop at the blastula stage D. a fully formed kidney would result E. another sheep like Dolly could be produced
E
Imagine the extracellular fluid surrounding the descending limb of the loop of Henle were kept constant at 300 mosm. The lumen fluid as it leaves the proximal tubule and enters the loop of Henle is normally ~ 300 mosm. What would happen as fluid in the lumen moved down the loop of Henle? A. Salts would tend to flow out of the lumen fluid into the extracellular space B. Salts would tend to flow into the lumen fluid from the extracellular space C. Water would tend to flow out of the lumen fluid into the extracellular space D. Water would tend to flow into the lumen from the extracellular space E. There would not be net flow of either salts or water
E
The apical membrane of many epithelial cells are studded with many microvilli. These are believed to be present A. to increase the overall surface area of the cell B. to increase the overall volume of the cell C. to increase the overall amount of transport across the epithelial cell membrane D. to increase the diffusion constant across the cell membrane E. A & C
E
The blood plasma of the goldfish has an osmolarity of about 273 mOsm. Knowing this, you might expect that one physiological problem the goldfish has had to solve is A. Loss of fluids from the plasma B. Loss of salts into the lake water C. Accumulation of salts in the body of the fish D. Accumulation of excess water into the body fluids E. B & D
E
The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be _____ with its _____ environment A. hypoosmotic; saltwater B. hyperosmotic; freshwater C. isoosmotic; freshwater D. hyperosmotic; saltwater E. isoosmotic; saltwater
E
The fluid with the highest osmolarity is _____. A. distilled water B. lake Michigan water C. blood plasma of mammals D. blood plasma of teleost fish E. seawater in a tidal pool
E
The seed coat is an example of a ripened form of what type of plant tissue? A. Foliar (leaf) B. Petular (petal) C. Seed Coat D. Ovarian E. Ovule Integument
E
What distinguishes secondary transport from primary active transport? A. Membrane proteins help move molecules across the membrane B. Molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. C. Water moves through membranes by facilitated diffusion. D. No energy is used to move molecules across the membrane E. Primary transport directly uses the chemical power of ATP, whereas secondary transport does not.
E
What is an example of biological compensation to deal with problems associated with surface area to volume matters? A. Extensive levels of gap junctions between kidney cells B. Extensive growth of capillaries around many millions of alveoli in the lungs C. Extensive microvilli on cells of the proximal tubule of the kidney D. the decrease in oxygen consumption by fish as they get larger E. B & C
E
Where does filtration in the kidney take place? A. proximal tubule B. loop of Henle C. distal tubule D. collecting duct E. Bowman's capsule
E
Which of the following groupings of descriptions of plant groups is incorrect? A. Seed plants - angiosperms and conifers B. Vascular plants - ferns, conifers, and angiosperms C. Plants with the gametophyte stage dominant - mosses only D. Plants with double fertilization - angiosperms only E. All of the above groupings are correct
E
Which of the following is reabsorbed from the filtrate that passes through the glomerulus? A. sodium chloride B. glucose C. water D. amino acids E. all of the above
E
Which of the following particles could diffuse easily through a cell membrane? A. Glucose B. Sodium C. Water D. Hydrogen ions (H+) E. Oxygen
E
Which of the following statements best describes the actions of the hormone ADH on the nephron? A. ADH causes the distal tubule to increase Na+ reabsorption when Na+ levels in the blood are low B. ADH causes the loop of Henle to increase urea reabsorption under conditions of dehydration. C. ADH causes the proximal tubule to increase glucose reabsorption when the body's energy needs are high. D. ADH causes the release of water into the collecting duct under conditions of high levels of water E. ADH causes the collecting duct to increase water reabsorption by the surrounding tissue under conditions of dehydration.
E
