Birth rate and death rate definitions

What can affect birth rates?

Access to contraception, infant mortality rate, education of women, traditions and culture

Average death rate

Between 5 per 1,000 and 20 per 1,000 per year

Average birth rate

Between 5 per 1,000 and 40 per 1,000 per year

Natural increase

Birth rate exceeds death rate and population grows

How do you calculate natural change?

Birth rate-death rate/10

Why do people have few children in stage 4 and 5

Children are expensive, women educated - marry later, have children later and therefore have fewer children.

Natural decrease

Death rate exceeds birth rate and population declines

Stage 5

Declining population in this stage

Life expectancy

The number of years a person is expected to live, usually taken from birth

Natural change

The difference between birth and death rate (as a percentage). Measure of populations growth or decline

Stage 1

Low and fluctuating population in this stage

Birth rate

Number of babies born per 1000 people per year

Death rate

Number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Zero growth

Population in balance

Stage 2 and 3

Rapidly growing population in these stages

What can effect the death rate?

Sanitation, access to clean water, affordable and accessible health care, vaccinations, war

Stage 4

Slowly growing population in this stage

Why are birth/death rates expressed as per 1000 people?

So that figures for countries of different sizes can be compared