Black Death

What were the major issues occurring from the Black Death?

-Famine -Plague -Economic turmoil -Social upheaval -War -Political instability

What were some factors of economic dislocation and social upheaval caused by Black Death.

-Trade decline -Shortage of workers -Lowered food demand -New governmental taxes -The English Peasant's Revolt of 1381 was the most prominent

Why were Jews to blame for the Black Death?

Anti-semitism of Jews accompanied the Black Death. Jews were accused of causing the plague by poisoning town wells. The worst pogroms against this minority were carried out in Germany, where more than 60 major Jewish communities had been exterminated by 1351. Many Jews fled Eastward toward Russia and especially to Poland, where the king offered them protection. Eastern Europe became home to large Jewish communities.

Where did the disease originate from?

Asia

What other battles were there and what occurred during those battles?

At the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, the heavy, armor-plated French knights attempted to attack across a field turned to mud by heavy rain; the result was a disastrous French defeat and the death of 1,500 French nobles.

What was the decline of the church?

Avignon, leading to an increase in anti-papal sentiment.

How far did the plague spread?

By 1348, the plague had spread to Egypt and also to Mecca, Damascus, and other parts of the Middle East.

What effects did the Hundred Year War and Black Death have on political disintegration?

By the 14th century, the feudal order had begun to break down.

What were flagellants?

Flagellants were used for religious discipline as people would flog themselves or others for their sins. This drew unwanted attention and hysteria. Flagellants groups also began to kill Jews and attack those who opposed them.

How were villages affected by this plague?

In England and Germany, entire villages had simply disappeared. Many believed that the plague either had been sent by God as punishment for human's sins or had been caused by the devil.

When did Black Death occur?

In the 14th century, a disaster known as the Black Death struck Asia, North Africa, and Europe. Bubonic plague was the most common and most important form of plague in the diffusion of the Black Death.

What happened to some of the populations effected by the plague?

It has been estimated that the population of Egypt did not return to its pre-1347 level until the 19th century.

How did Black Death spread?

It was spread by black rats infested with fleas who were host to the deadly bacterium "Yersina pestis."

What was the Hundred Year War?

King Phillip VI of France seized Gascony in 1337, the duke of Gascony - King Edward III of England declared war on Philip.

What did the Catholic Church do about flagellants?

Pope Clement VI condemned flagellants in October 1349, and so it ended fully by the end of 1350.

What did the Chinese invent during this time?

The Chinese invented gunpowder in the 10th century and devised a simple cannon by the 13th century, which the Mongols improved.

What was the cause of English Peasant's Revolt of 1381?

The cause was due to the monarchy's attempt the raise revenues by imposing a poll tax, a flat change on each adult member of the population. Peasants burned down the manor houses of aristocrats, lawyers, and government officials. Social unrest would be a characteristic of European history.

When did the first major battle of the Hundred Year War occur?

The first major battle occurred in 1346 at Crécy, just south of Flanders.

When did Black Death reach Europe?

The plague reached Europe in October 1347 when Genoese merchants brought it from Caffa to the island of Sicily off the coast of Italy. It quickly spread to Southern Italy and then to Southern France by the end of the year. Diffusion followed commercial trade routes. In 1348, it spread through Spain, France, and the low countries and into Germany. It moved to England by the end of 1348. It then moved to northern Europe and Scandinavia by the end of the year. Eastern Europe and Russia were affected by 1351.

What was the Black Death to Europe?

The plague was considered the most devastating natural disaster in European history, ravaging Europe's population and causing economic, social, political, and cultural upheaval.

What was the Great Schism and the cries for reform?

There was a divided Europe. France and its allies supported the pope in Avignon, whereas France's enemy England and its allies supported the pope in Rome. This damaged the faith of Christian believers.