BOC Exam

What is the most important educational instruction you can provide an athlete regarding the use of overthe- counter medications?

Take the medication as instructed on the label.

What landmark event for the athletic training profession occurred in 1990?

The American Medical Association recognized athletic training as an allied health-care profession.

Which of the following documents identifies the primary tasks of an entry-level athletic trainer?

The Board of Certification Role Delineation Study

When exercising in cold temperatures, what should be done by the athlete to prevent hypothermia? a. Keep his or her clothes dry b. Warm up exercises and remain active c. Wear warm clothing d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The athletic trainer should do which of the following when dealing with an athlete with heat exhaustion? a. Administer cool fluids b. Remove unnecessary clothing c. Move to a cool place d. All of the above

d. All of the above Correct

Which of the following NATA position statements should a high school athletic trainer review before the start of preseason football to minimize the risk of heat-related illnesses?

exertional heat illness

An athlete is hit in the head with a baseball. He is unable to smile on that side of his face. What nerve do you suspect is involved?

facial

What does the designation FNATA indicate?

fellow status in the NATA

jones fracture

fracture of the proximal 5th metatarsal

type 4 salter harris fracture

fracture physis and metaphysis

type 2 salter harris fracture

fracture separation of growth plate and small part metaphysis

type 3 slater harris fracture

fracture-part of physis

what substance is contained in a higher percentage in white "anaerobic" muscle fibers compared with red "aerobic" muscle fibers?

glycogen

Axial loading is the primary mechanism for cervical spine injury. What is the only technique that results in axial loading

head-down contact

What activities should be minimized if an athlete has jumper's knee?

heavy-plyometric exercises

Which of the following job characteristics is least likely to result in an athletic trainer experiencing burnout?

high expectations from superiors

in athletes, which factor is most likely to result in anemia

insufficient dietary iron intake

erb's point

located 2-3 cm above clavicle in front of the 6th cervical vertebra

Jumpers knee is known as what

patellar tendonitis

type 1 salter harris fracture

separation of the physis MOST SEVERE

According to NCAA guidelines, how long a period of time should be allowed for acclimatization to prevent heat illness?

7-10 days

A Type V Salter‐Harris fracture involves what kind of fracture through the physeal plate?

A crush injury to the epiphysis

Which of the following correctly defines the application of the term "direct supervision"?

As the responsible athletic trainer, I can intervene on behalf of the athlete and the student at any time.

tarsal tunnel syndrome

-behind medial malleolus -in this tunnel is tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum, tibial nerve artery and vein

Minimally, how often should a patient's treatment and rehabilitation goals be reassessed to determine progress?

1 x week

One objective in blister care is to reduce friction. Which of the following supplies is least effective in reducing friction?

1.5 " white tape

During CPR, the adult sternum must be compressed to what depth for compression to be effective? (range)

1.5-2 in

How long should an EpiPen be held in place after being injected into the thigh?

10 sec

which of the following athletes is at risk for serve's disease

11 y/o competitive soccer player

What is the average respiratory rate for an adult (18 years of age or older)?

12-15 breaths per min

When transporting an athlete off the field by manual conveyance, it is most convenient to do this with how many athletic trainers?

2

How long should the abdomen be auscultated before the athletic trainer decides if the bowel sounds are absent?

2-3min

Rules have been instituted in some sports to minimize the risk of injury to participants. In 1976 the practice of spearing was deemed illegal. What action constitutes spearing?

A defensive back tackles a receiver, making initial contact with the top of his helmet.

Which of the following individuals is most susceptible to heat stroke and, therefore, must be carefully educated regarding the importance of adequate fluid intake during activity in hot, humid weather?

A defensive lineman in football

How much time should an athlete allow, after applying sunscreen, before exercising outdoors?

20 minutes

When fitting an athlete for crutches, the elbow should be bent to approximately what angle?

30 degrees

When performing two person CPR, what is the correct compression to breath ratio?

30:2

You are performing one-person cardiopulmonary respiration on an unconscious victim. What is the proper compression-to-breath ratio?

30:2

Which of the following wraps should you select to most effectively apply a shoulder spica to a female collegiate volleyball player?

4" by 1 yard elastic bandage

How long can the brain be deprived of oxygen until brain cells begin to die?

4-6min

Before beginning a continuous ultrasound treatment, what should you tell the athlete to expect to feel?

A mild sensation of warmth

Which of the following tools has the interassociation task force recommended not be used as the primary tool for loop-strap removal on a football helmet after an injury?

A screwdriver

Which of the following athletes would most benefit from using custom foot orthotics during sport participation?

A softball player with pes planus and posterior medial tibial stress syndrome

Which of the following concerns is of lowest priority when ensuring a risk-free playing environment?

A sprinkler head on the playing surface is flush to or below the playing surface.

Which of the following descriptions best defines an emergency action plan?

A written document that defines the standard of care required in every conceivable event during an emergency situation

Protective eyewear worn in college women's lacrosse must meet the standards of what organization?

ASTM

Which international organization has a number of committees concerned with sports products that focus on testing materials and products used throughout industry, recreation, and leisure among other areas?

ASTM

One of your soccer players who wears a custom derotation brace while playing is complaining of gastrocnemius cramping. You choose to remove the most superior calf strap in an attempt to relieve her cramping.In a subsequent practice, she sustains a noncontact ligamentous knee injury because the brace failed to provide appropriate stability. Who might be deemed negligent in this situation?

AT

A soccer team will be playing on artificial turf during an upcoming match. What injuries should you be most prepared to treat during the match?

Abrasions and turf toe

During training, a member of your soccer team refrains from eating and drinking during daylight hours as part of a religious observance. How will you best assist this athlete?

Acknowledge the athlete's religious convictions, and ensure the athlete gets caloric and fluid intake during the evening hours

A tennis player moves up to the net to volley a hard return but misses and sustains an orbital blowout fracture. How should you best coordinate care for this athlete?

Activate emergency medical services, and transport the athlete to the local emergency facility.

In your role as a physician extender, you evaluate a 5-year-old male tennis player complaining of bilateral sacroiliac pain. Your differential diagnosis includes ankylosing spondylitis and sacroiliac arthritis. Which of the following evaluation techniques will provide the best information for differentiating the two conditions?

Active and passive movements

Incorrect Mark 0.0000 out of 1.0000 Question text An athlete undergoing a rehabilitation program has become noncompliant, missing appointments and not completing the home exercise program. What action can you take to improve this athlete's compliance?

Actively involve the athlete in the goal-setting and rehabilitation planning process.

Which of the following is considered a medical emergency?

Acute Compartment Syndrome

When using a wet bulb globe temperature device, what factors are assessed to determine relative heat stress?

Air temperature, humidity, and radiant heat in the local environment

What is the sensation that an athlete might experience just prior to an epileptic seizure called?

An Aura

An adolescent athlete has been told she has chondromalacia patellae. Which of the following best describes this condition?

An abnormal softening of the cartilage on the underside of the patella or kneecap

As the sole athletic trainer providing patient care in the athletic training room, you are unexpectedly called to another area of the building to care for an injured person. Which of the following athletes receiving treatment can you most safely leave unsupervised?

An athlete with an acute ankle sprain receiving cryotherapy and elevation

Which of the following rules governing play is correct?

An athletic trainer called onto the mat to treat a bleeding wrestler has an unlimited amount of time for evaluation and treatment.

Which of the following best describes a catastrophic incident?

An injury that is so severe that activities of daily living are permanently compromised

A soccer player has sustained a traumatic blow to the lower leg in the absence of a shin guard. He is unable to dorsiflex and invert the ankle. Which of the following conclusions would you make?

An injury to the anterior compartment; integrity of the anterior tibial artery should be assessed

You refer an 8-year-old camper who has tenderness over the base of the fifth metatarsal to the emergency department for evaluation. The camper returns to camp the next day on crutches with paperwork indicating he should follow up with an orthopedist in 1 week for a repeat x-ray to rule out an occult fracture. The camper's mother inquires about the diagnosis. How would you best respond?

An occult fracture means a hidden fracture, which is common in young athletes.

Which of the following athletes would most likely suffer a injury because of faulty ergonomics?

An offensive lineman with excessive lordosis suffering from chronic low back pain

A field hockey athlete was stung by a yellow jacket. He or she reports to you about fi that the throat feels like it is swelling up, tells you that he or she is allergic to bees. of shock is this athlete experiencing?

Anaphylactic

What is the term for pupils that are unequal in size?

Anisocoria

Which of the following joints is a "mortise" joint?

Ankle

A tennis player reports experiencing shoulder pain during the mid-portion of her forehand stroke. Which of the following muscles are responsible for this joint motion and should therefore be screened for potential injury?

Anterior deltoid and pectoralis major

A grade I ankle inversion sprain involves which structure?

Anterior talofibular ligament

According to the Bloodbome Pathogen Standards, which statement best describes the persons required to receive training through their employer in regard to occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens?

Any employee who has the potential for occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials

An athlete reports a hyperextension mechanism injury to her knee. Which of the following special tests are most appropriate to be included in the evaluation of this injury?

Apley's compression distraction test

During evaluation of an athlete with abdominal pain, rebound tenderness is noted in the right lower quadrant halfway between the umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine. Inflammation of which organ is most associated with this symptom?

Appendix

The women's soccer team is unable to use the practice field and has been relocated to a new practice site. A fire hydrant is found to be located 1' from the sideline of the temporary practice field. What would be the best action to address this safety hazard

Apply mats/padding to the hydrant, and place warning cones around the area.

You are conducting an educational session for your student athletes on substance abuse. Which of the following signs and symptoms may indicate a substance use disorder?

Arriving late to practice or class and overreacting to real or imagined c

The women's cross-country coach has expressed to you her concern for the amount of time one of her athletes is taking to recover from a recently diagnosed injury. The athlete has seen the team physician twice in the past 2 weeks. What should you instruct the coach to do regarding this athlete's injury?

Ask the coach to encourage the athlete to express her concerns to her athletic trainer and the team physician

After completing a first down, you notice that the running back on your football team is still lying face down on the field as the other players return to the huddle. As you watch from the sideline, a teammate jogs over to the down player before you can get to him. What is the most helpful action this teammate could take to assist in the care of this injured athlete?

Ask the down player if he is injured and instruct him to lie still until the athletic trainer comes out.

During a wrist evaluation, an athletic trainer completes Tinel's sign test. The athlete complains of tingling and paresthesia in the area of the nerve distribution. What should the athletic trainer do?

Assess the integrity of the median nerve at the elbow, shoulder, and neck to rule out other pathologies.

A gymnast dismounting into a pit misses the pit and sustains a severe head injury. The athletic trainer activates emergency medical services "EMS", but the arrival of the ambulance is delayed because it has difficulty finding the gymnastics room in the athletic complex. This delay results in irreversible brain damage to the gymnast. Which component of the emergency action plan "EAP" was poorly executed?

Assignment of duties and responsibilities

During CPR, the adult sternum must be compressed to what depth for compression to be effective?

At least 2in

An athlete who had been diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis has just been cleared by the team doctor to return to full activity. How long should the athlete remain out of contact participation from the time of onset to the time of full recovery?

At least three weeks

At what point should the athletic trainer's initial evaluation of an injury begin?

At the moment the injury is witnessed

You suspect that a swimmer may be experiencing symptoms of over training. Which of the following situations is a significant indicator of overtraining?

Athlete's resting heart rate is elevated above pre-participation baseline.

Your school has a gymnastics program, and you are assisting the athletics director in formulating a policy for the use, storage, and maintenance of the school's trampoline and mini-tramps. Which of the following components is least likely to be in your policy?

Athletes may freely use the trampoline without supervision once they are able to demonstrate skill proficiency.

Which individuals would comprise the Catastrophic Injury Management Team at a college or university?

Athletic administrator, school media liaison, and director of campus counseling center

When completing an evaluation of the abdomen/thorax, in what order should the components of the evaluation be completed?

Auscultation, palpation, percussion

n 1992, what piece of equipment did the Occupational Safety and Health Administration mandate athletic trainers use while performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

Barrier device or pocket mask to minimize transmission of bloodborne pathogens

During a visit to the physician's office, an athlete is diagnosed with myositis ossificans of the biceps. By what other name is this condition often referred?

Blocker's exostosis

Which of the following does not occur when an individual is in shock?

Blood pressure (BP) is high

What are the two most common sites to apply direct pressure to control severe bleeding of the upper and lower extremities?

Brachial artery and femoral artery

Which of the following demonstrates the order of bony palpation from proximal to distal?

Calcaneus, sustentaculum tali, talar head, navicular tuberosity, first cuneiform

What information should you include in your emergency action plan to instruct athletic trainers in communicating information to the 911 dispatcher?

Caller's name, number of individuals injured, and first-aid treatment being provided

Which of the following statements is true regarding, hypothermia?

Can be prevented by assuring proper hydration

Which of the following statements best characterizes prevention of catastrophic cervical spine injuries?

Catastrophic cervical spine injury resulting from axial loading is neither caused nor prevented by players' standard equipment.

Following a yelling and screaming episode, a basketball coach appears confused. He drops the pen from his clipboard, begins to slur his speech, and complains of numbness and weakness on the right side of his face. What conditions should be suspected, and how is this condition best treated

Cerebrovascular acciden; activate emergency medical services, and encourage the coach to remain calm

When evaluating an unconscious athlete, what should the athletic trainer do first?

Check that the athlete's airway is open and he or she is breathing normally

Which NCAA committee is responsible for establishing policies and recommendation on safe sport participation?

Committee on Competitive Safeguards of Sports

Which of the following would be the most effective method of developing a professional rapport with your team physician?

Develop a professional work atmosphere in which the physician is an important and integral part of the program.

______ pupils indicate possible shock, hemorrhage, or cardiac arrest.

Dilated

Where would you place direct pressure on a wound that is bleeding?

Directly over the wound

An adolescent lacrosse crease defender is struck in the chest directly over the area of the left ventricle with a shot on goal. He collapses immediately to the turf. What condition would you suspect and what is the most appropriate immediate treatment?

Commotio cordis; cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator use

All of the following are signs of an injury except: a. Change in skin color or texture b. Change in body temperature c. Change in blood pressure d. Complaint of headaches e. Change in respiratory rate

Complaint of headaches

An athlete returns from the physician with a prescription that reads "ice baths PRN." The athlete is unsure what to do. What should you tell the athlete?

Complete an ice bath as needed for pain.

A women's basketball player is elbowed in the jaw during a practice session. Observation reveals a portion of the tooth is broken, there is bleeding, and the pulp chamber is exposed producing a great deal of pain. With which type of tooth fracture are the signs most closely associated?

Complicated crown fracture

Which roles are considered appropriate for an athlete who has sustained an acute ankle sprain?

Comply with night time care instructions, report any changes in signs or symptoms, and use prescribed ambulatory aids.

A goalie hits her head against the post while making a save. The athlete is unconscious and unresponsive. The athlete's parent is not in attendance, and no written consent-to-treat form exists. Which of the following statements best reflects the athletic trainer's ability to treat this athlete?

Consent to treat is implied on the part of the athlete and the parents because this is a potentially life threatening injury

One of your athletes has just purchased a bicycle helmet and found a crack in the shell. To which organization should the manufacturer of the helmet report this defect?

Consumer Product Safety Commission

Prickly heat is usually due to what mechanism and/or environmental condition?

Continuously wet skin and unevaporated sweat

According to the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research's terminology for disability classification, which of the following is defined as a limitation or inability to perform activities and roles to the levels expected within physical and social contexts?

Disability

Which of the following actions falls outside the standard of care of the certified athletic trainer?

Dispensing medications

If an athlete is unconscious from a blow to the head, he or she should be assumed to have a neck injury in addition to a possible head injury. If the airway appears to be impaired, all of the following would be appropriate steps in management except :

Do a finger sweep of the mouth to remove any debris and clear the airway

Which pulse should always be assessed with any injury to the lower extremity?

Dorsal Pedal

An athlete has sustained an ankle dislocation. Which pulse should be palpated to determine involvement of vascular structures?

Dorsal pedal pulse

When creating your emergency action plan, what information should be included on each facility map?

Driveways, doors, and telephone locations

______ and _______ are two signs of diabetic coma.

Drowsiness, acetone‐smelling breath

During digestion, food passes through the small intestine as it is being broken down into smaller components. Which area of the small intestine does it pass through first?

Duodenum

You observe a lacrosse player cutting down his mouthpiece so that it only covers his front six teeth. What should you communicate to this athlete regarding the consequence associated with his actions?

His actions have invalidated the manufacturer's warranty.

What is the first thing you should do if you suspect a spinal injury?

Hold in-line stabilization

Why are automated external defibrillators effective in preventing sudden death from a cardiac emergency during sport activity

Most cardiac emergencies in sport involve ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest.

An athletic trainer documents the following in a daily treatment note: 10/9/10 Treatment lasted approximately 35 minutes. Patient reports decreased pain and swelling since the last visit. Knee AROM: 0-135, MMT: Quad 75, Hamstrings 4+/5; US 100% 3.0MHz 1.5 w/cm2x8 mins f/b CKC TKE 3xl5xBW, 4 way SLR 3xl5x2lbs, Mini-squats 2x20. Patient has reached full AROM goal. Patient iced following treatment and left in a happy mood. Anna, ATC. Which of the common errors in documenting daily treatment notes is evident in this documentation?

Failure to include the visit number

During which of the circumstances below should an athlete be immediately referred to a dentist? I. The tooth is knocked out II. When a tooth is displaced 2 mm or more III. When a crown is fractured and the tooth is still alive IV. When a filling is knocked out or fractured and the athlete is sensitive to hot or cold food V. When an artificial plate is broken during competition

I, II, III

Why are automated external defibrillators effective in preventing sudden death from a cardiac emergency during sport activity?

Most cardiac emergencies in sport involve ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest.

Which nerves innervate the hip adductor musculature?

Femoral, obturator

Which of the following is classified as a saddle joint and is capable of 2° of freedom?

First carpometacarpal joint

In what position would the leg be in if an athlete suffered a hip dislocation?

Flexed and internally rotated

The inability of a patient to look upward after being hit in the eye with a racquetball is an indication of what type of injury?

Orbital blowout fracture

When taping a wrist to limit hyperextension, you must place three strips in an X pattern. Where should the X pattern be placed to limit hyperextension most effectively?

Over the palmar aspect of the wrist, with the center of the X over the radiocarpal joint

Which of the following symptoms represents a second‐degree concussion? I. Blurring of vision or loss of consciousness lasting from 20 seconds to 5 minutes II. Headache and amnesia are often present III. Athlete is often confused and disoriented IV. There are no positive signs on neurologic testing and examination V. There is no complaint of a headache VI. Altered level of consciousness lasts less than 10 to 20 seconds

I, II, III

An athletic trainer performs Apley's compression test for the knee joint. The test is positive for pain. The athletic trainer then performs Apley's distraction test. What information is obtained from this test?

Pain elicited with the test indicates possible collateral ligament involvement.

Which of the measures below are appropriate steps in the management of an athlete who is experiencing a seizure? I. Keep spectators out of the way II. Protect the patient's head and body from injury III. Turn the patient on his or her side IV. If the athlete is in status epilepticus or it is a first seizure, immediately seek further medical support V. Try to keep the athlete's mouth open by any means to prevent airway obstruction VI. Call the athlete's next of kin to inform him or her of the problem and of the care given

I, II, III, IV

Which of the following signs and symptoms are characteristic of a tension pneumothorax? I. Tracheal deviation II. Distended neck veins III. Unilateral absence of breath sounds IV. Dizziness V. Cyanosis

I, II, III, V

Concentration is assessed, during the standardized assessment of concussion (SAC) tool, by doing which of the following?

Repeating five words provided by the examiner in three successive trials

When advising an athlete about the proper construction of a running shoe, which of the following criteria will help prevent foot and ankle injuries? I. The midsole should be somewhat soft, but should not easily flatten out with pressure II. The shoe should have good forefoot flexibility III. The heel counter should be shallow and firm IV. The heel counter should be strong and fit well around the foot V. The upper should be constructed of quality leather or rubber

I, II, IV

You are aware of the general use of smokeless tobacco among your high school baseball players. You decide to develop a seminar for the coaches and players to discourage its use. Which of the following are effects of the chronic use of chewing tobacco? I. Leukoplakia II. Mouth and throat cancer III. Increased aggression IV. Bad breath V. Mood swings VI. Gynecomastia

I, II, IV

Which of the steps below are correct when fitting a football helmet? I. Place the helmet over the head, tilt it backward, and rotate it forward into position II. Try to turn the helmet side-to-side with the head in a stationary position III. Check to make sure the helmet sits three fingerbreadths above the eyebrows IV. Press straight down on the crown of the helmet to see if the pressure is at the crown of the head V. Check to see if the jaw pads fit snugly against the jaw VI. Check the chin strap adjustment for a tight fit

I, II, IV, V, VI

As the athletic trainer for a high school football team, you hold a team meeting before the start of each season to discuss emergency management protocols with the players. What is the most important information the athletes should receive?

If an injury occurs, they should not remove any of their equipment until instructed to do so by the athletic trainer.

How is the strength of the pes anserinus musculature manually muscle tested?

Resistance to knee flexion and internal rotation of the lower leg

A positive Thompson's sign is indicative of what problem?

Ruptured achilles' tendon

Which of the following is not a sign of a diabetic coma?

Slow and weak pulse

As a high-school athletic trainer, you have multiple practice sessions occurring simultaneously. Which group of athletes is most at risk for developing a heat-related illness?

Football team running through offensive plays

Which of the following is not a sign of hypovolemic shock?

Slow and weak pulse

An athlete who recently graduated from your university has gone on to a professional athletics career. According to the statute of limitations, what is the recommended length of time this athlete's medical records should be kept?

For the duration of the athlete's professional athletics career if it exceeds your standard retention time frame

Which two bones make up the roof of the orbit?

Frontal and sphenoid

According to the NATA position statement on environmental cold injuries, three layers of clothing are recommended to minimize risk of hypothermia. Which of the following is correct regarding these layers?

If the face mask cannot be removed in a reasonable amount of time, the helmet should be removed in the safest manner possible

According to the NATA position statement on Management of the Cervical Spine Injured Athlete, which of the following statements is correct regarding face mask removal?

If the face mask cannot be removed in a reasonable amount of time, the helmet should be removed in the safest manner possible.

Which scale is important in assessing the severity of a head injury?

Glasgow Coma Scale

An athlete is brought into the athletic training room with a 2.5-inch nail embedded in his foot. All of the following actions are appropriate in the treatment of this injury except :

Immediately remove the nail from the foot

When a minor is injured and it is a life-threatening situation, the athletic trainer must try to contact the parents of the child. If the parents of the child cannot be contacted and they did not give consent in writing before the child began participation, the athletic trainer still has the right to give the child emergency care. Which type of consent is this?

Implied Consent

During CPR, it is most convenient and efficient to monitor the athlete's circulation by palpating the carotid artery. Where is the pulse located?

In the groove between the larynx and the sternocleidomastoid muscle

An athlete would like to decrease body fat percentage. What advice would you give?

Include cardiovascular training in aerobic training zone for prolonged periods

Which of the following signs is inconsistent with the diagnosis of internal bleeding?

Increased blood pressure

Which statement best describes the pressures present during inhalation?

Intra-alveolar pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure. -space is lower in alveolar sacs and allows for exchange

The peroneal muscle group is often strained in conjunction with which of the following injury mechanisms?

Inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle

What is the purpose of writing a chronology of events following a catastrophic injury?

It allows the management team to critique the process while providing a basis for reviewing the efficacy of the procedures.

Why is horizontal adduction limited when an athlete has sustained an acromioclavicular separation

It approximates the joint surfaces, creating pressure and pain.

Why is horizontal adduction limited when an athlete has sustained an acromioclavicular separation?

It approximates the joint surfaces, creating pressure and pain.

Why is it important that an athlete with an abdominal injury never be given anything to eat or drink?

It increases the risks of surgery if an operative procedure becomes necessary

Conduction velocity in the atrioventricular (AV) bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje's fibers is much greater than it is in other nodal tissues. How is this significant to heart function?

It rapidly spreads electrical activity over the entire ventricular musculature to produce unified contraction, which results in greater pressure development.

The plantar fascia or plantar aponeurosis is located where in the body?

Sole of the foot

You are using electrical stimulation to manage the pain associated with a knee sprain of an athlete with Down's syndrome. You have selected parameters consistent with managing pain via the gate control theory. How will you best explain to the athlete the expected sensation associated with this treatment?

It will feel tingly and tickly, like when your foot falls asleep."

Which of the following exercises should be avoided during the initial stages of a rehabilitation program for an athlete with an acute subluxation of the glenohumeral joint?

Joint mobilization

What benefits are provided by the NATA to a newly certified member employed for the first time in an athletic training position?

Special considerations when applying for NATA sponsored grants

A field hockey player sustains a direct blow to her right anterior lower leg from an opponent's stick. Following your evaluation, you are concerned that the athlete may develop acute compartment syndrome. What instructions should you give the athlete before allowing her to return to her dorm for the evening?

Keep her leg elevated, ice the injury as much as possible, and call you if she experiences any numbness, tingling, or increased pain overnight.

What quick test can be performed to check if nerve root L5 is intact?

Have the athlete extend his or her great toe

A baseball player complains of recurrent ingrown toenails. What might the athletic trainer suggest to prevent this problem?

Have the athlete trim his toenails weekly and cut them straight across

What is a quick method of testing the motor ability of the Sl nerve root?

Have the athlete walk on his or her toes

Which of the following is a condition of rapidly rising internal body temperature that occurs when the body's mechanisms for the release of heat are overwhelmed?

Heat Stroke

Which type of heat injury is considered a medical emergency?

Heat Stroke

Profuse sweating, dizziness, and nausea are signs and symptoms of which of the following?

Heat exhaustion

Shock after a severe injury can result from ______ or ________

Hemorrhage, stagnation of blood

Trendelenburg's test is a method used to evaluate the competence of what structures?

Hip Abductors

What type of gait deviation might the athletic trainer see with an athlete who has sustained an ankle injury and has decreased range of motion in dorsiflexion?

Hip Hiking

The rectus femoris muscle performs what two actions?

Hip flexion and knee extension

Changes in blood pressure may occur as a result of many factors. Two of these factors may include ___ and ___

Exercise, change in posture

An athlete sustained a season-ending injury 3 weeks ago. During the subsequent week, the athlete was in denial and then had a week of acceptance of the situation. This week the athlete is demonstrating frustration and has a short temper with teammates and the athletic training staff. What should you conclude about the athlete's response to this injury?

Experiencing a grieving process but progression is atypical

After an athlete has suffered a ruptured spleen, he or she may experience pain that radiates down the left shoulder and approximately one-third of the way down the upper left arm. What is this pain called?

Kehr' s sign

What problem might the athletic trainer see if the L4 nerve root was compressed?

Knee extension weakness

Which of the following is true regarding the fitting of an athlete with crutches?

Crutch tips should be 6 in. from the outer margin of the shoe

An athlete has been diagnosed with stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal carpal tunnel. What is another name for this condition?

De Quervain's disease

An athlete is seated with his leg hanging off the edge of the table and the knee flexed to 9° and the ankle in neutral dorsiflexion. The athletic trainer stabilizes the distal tibia and fibula with one hand and, while holding the calcaneus with the other hand, applies an externally rotated force on the calcaneus. A positive test indicates possible injury to which of the following structures?

Deltoid ligament

Which cranial nerve is injured if the athlete complains of a decrease in the sense of smell after a high velocity head injury?

Cranial nerve I

What medical specialist would you refer an athlete to if he or she has a deviated septum?

ENT

As an athletic trainer, you are responsible for accumulating and maintaining an accurate record of all completed continuing education activities. Which of the following statements might lead you to overestimate the number of accumulated continuing education units (CEUs)?

Each time you become recertified in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, continuing CEUs are awarded.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effectiveness of tape in supporting a joint?

Effectiveness is currently unknown, pending further outcome data.

When designing a hydrotherapy area, which design elements are recommended to reduce the risk of patient injury?

Electrical outlets must be at least 3' off the floor and equipped with GFis, and hydrotherapy tanks should be connected directly to a floor drain.

What is the term for 20/20 vision?

Emmetropia

A sophomore on your university tennis team confides in you that she is 3 months pregnant. She asks you to abstain from sharing this information with anyone, especially her coach and her parents. What should you tell this athlete?

Encourage the athlete to meet with the team physician to determine a plan for participation and then share this plan with her coach and parents.

You are assisting in the transfer into the waiting ambulance of a lacrosse player who has sustained a non-reducible anterior glenohumeral joint dislocation. The athlete is extremely anxious about the injury and worried that he will never play again. What is the most appropriate response to the injured athlete?

Encourage the athlete to relax and not to draw any conclusions until the physicians have completed their evaluation.

A football player incurs an axial load mechanism injury. During your neurological assessment of this athlete, you note bilateral sensation deficits in the lower extremity. The athlete becomes anxious at this time and tells you he cannot feel his legs. What is the most appropriate response to this injured athlete?

Encourage the athlete to relax, and assure him that you are going to get him the best possible care.

For which of the following actions would a certified athletic trainer found to be noncompliant with the Board of Certification (BOC) Standards of Practice?

Endorsing a student's application to sit for the BOC certification examination in an examination window before the student's last semester of coursework

A soccer player has fractured his right lower leg, been placed in a cast, and given crutches. The addition of crutches does what to his center of gravity?

Enlarges the base of support

An athlete with an acute lateral ankle sprain reports to the athletic training room with severe joint effusion and not wearing the compression wrap or open basket weave you applied the night before. When the athlete went home last night, the athlete soaked the injured ankle in a warm Epsom salt bath. How would you best address this situation with the athlete?

Explain the inflammatory phase of the healing process to the athlete and why heat should be avoided while in this phase.

As an athletic trainer in a hospital-based sports medicine clinic, what is the most important thing you can do when explaining a home exercise program to an 8-year-old patient?

Explain the program to the patient and a responsible adult who will assist the child with the program.

The medial collateral ligament of the knee are taut in which of the following?

Extension and flexion

While not wearing a helmet, a baseball player is hit in the head with a baseball. The player is stunned but walks off the field without assistance. After getting to the dugout, the player experiences a severe headache and deterioration to unconsciousness. What condition is this athlete most likely experiencing?

Epidural hematoma

When providing primary emergency care to an unconscious athlete with a suspected cervical spine injury, what is the first action that should be taken?

Establish and maintain an open airway.

Which of the following would best describe a decorticate posture?

Extension of the legs with flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers

An athlete sustains a blow to the head with a temporary loss of consciousness. He appears to have a lucid period in which he seems to be normal for a period of a couple of hours and then becomes significantly lethargic. What type of medical emergency would the athletic trainer suspect?

Extradural hemorrhage

An athletic trainer for a collegiate ice hockey team has requested in writing that protective barriers be constructed around the rink to protect spectators and to comply with local regulations. The request was denied by the administration of the institution due to lack of available funding. During a game, an inattentive fan is struck in the head by a puck and suffers a skull fracture. What liability factor might the school be found guilty should the spectator choose to sue for damages?

Failure to act

You observe a lacrosse player cutting down his mouthpiece so that it covers only his front six teeth. What should you communicate to this athlete regarding the primary risk associated with his actions?

His actions have invalidated the manufacturer's warranty.

How often must helmets be recertified and reconditioned, using those that are vendor‐approved by the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment, if no warranty exists or after the warranty expires?

Every 2 years

A Q-angle of > 25 degrees may predispose an athlete to what postural deviation?

Excessive genu valgus

Based on outcome data, which of the following statements regarding knee special tests is the most accurate?

Lachman's test is the best indicator of anterior cruciate ligament injury, especially the posterolateral band.

Body tissues that sustain a shearing force are most likely to result in which of the following injuries?

Ligament tears, blisters, and abrasions

An athlete is being seen by the team physician because she is unable to bear weight due to pain and complains of swelling and tenderness localized over the dorsum of the foot. Based on this presentation, which of the following would be included in the physician's differential diagnosis?

Lisfranc's injury

What information should be provided to the 911 dispatcher by an athletic trainer?

Location of the injured athlete, current care being rendered, and the athletic trainer's name and position

Winging of the scapula could result from injury to which nerve?

Long thoracic

Where would the athlete complain of pain with acute appendicitis?

Lower right quadrant of the abdomen

An athlete with a 3-week history of knee pain and mild joint effusion develops Baker's cyst. After discussion swith the team physician, which test would best reveal the cause of the cyst?

MRI

What is the role of the· National Federation of State High School Associations as it relates to the preparticipation physical examination?

Make recommendations only

A baseball player is struck in the face by the ball. Which of the following signs or symptoms would suggest a fracture of the maxilla?

Malocclusion of the teeth and numbness of the cheek

Which of the following statements best describes the way in which a manual muscle test differs from a break test?

Manual muscle tests are used to isolate muscles within their functional planes of motion, whereas break tests assess strength of muscle groups within the cardinal planes.

What is the penalty for a person who violates HIPAA in a noncriminal manner?

May be fined up to $25,000

What is the consequence of failing to have an emergency action plan?

May breach the institution's legal responsibility to conduct safe athletic programs

What happens when an athlete consumes a simple sugar prior to an event?

May cause a sudden decrease in blood glucose because of a sudden increase in insulin production

In conjunction with the medical director at your school's student health services, you are planning an informational session for student athletes on the topic of sickle cell trait. Athletes of what descent should be targeted for this information?

Mediterranean, African-American, and Caribbean

Following a severe head injury, a downed football player is having difficulty breathing and is demonstrating an irregular heartbeat. Which center of the brain is responsible for regulating these vital functions?

Medulla

Which of the following modifications should be made to a rehabilitation program to improve participation of individuals with cognitive impairment?

Minimizing noise and distractions and incorporating familiar, functional activities into the treatment

A male referee running down the sidelines during a punt return suddenly grasps at his chest and collapses. His face becomes ashen, and his breathing is difficult. Because you are trained in first aid, you suspect a heart attack. What should you do?

Monitor the patient's vital signs, send someone to get an automated external defibrillator, and activate emergency medical services.

Which of the following is a condition that is associated with the enlargement of the spleen?

Mononucleosis

Athletes who have completed the swimming leg of a triathlon go on to the biking segment. The ambient air temperature is 55°F, and the wind is steady at 15 mph. An athlete has difficulty and cannot continue riding. During your evaluation, you notice the following: the athlete is disoriented and lethargic, has garbled speech, and has a core temperature of 95°F. The athlete's respirations are shallow, and the heart rate is notably slow. What would be the appropriate initial treatment for this athlete?

Move the athlete to a sheltered area, remove wet clothing, wrap the athlete in a warm blanket, and administer warm fluids

From which secondary injury should a wrestler who has sustained repetitive severe anterior thigh trauma be protected during subsequent practices and matches?

Myositis ossificans

You find out that a certified athletic trainer at another school in your town has been consuming alcohol during working hours. Which of the following codes is this individual violating?

NATA Code of Ethics

Which of the following organizations certifies football helmets to make sure they are able to withstand repeated blows of high mass and low velocity?

NOCSAE

During a preparticipation physical, an athlete is diagnosed with myopia. What is this athlete's problem?

Nearsightedness

A resisted range-of-motion evaluation reveals weakness in the absence of pain. What are the clinical indications of these findings?

Neurological deficit or chronic contractile soft-tissue injury

You are hosting a lecture series for students in your athletic training education program. The speakers are all credentialed medical and allied health professionals. You have invited all the approved clinical instructors in your program to attend as well. Based on Board of Certification (BOC) guidelines, can these clinical instructors count these lectures toward continuing education unit credits?

No, because the primary audience is students

Which of the following is a sign of inadequate breathing?

Noisy respiration, such as wheezing or gurgling

Which of the following acute conditions would be most appropriately referred to a primary care sports medicine physician for evaluation and treatment?

Nondisplaced nasal fracture

An athlete with a pre-conditioning stroke volume of 70 mL/beat has just completed an 8-week cardiovascular training program. His stroke volume is now 105 mL/beat. How would you characterize this value?

Normal secondary to training effects

Under what condition can CPR be stopped?

Not until the athletic trainer is exhausted, spontaneous respirations and pulse have returned, or a physician or another party continues CPR in place of the athletic trainer

What is the role of the athletic trainer when a catastrophic injury occurs during an out-of-state match?

Notify the athletic director of the incident, and identify the person most qualified to remain with the athlete when the team returns to campus.

An athlete is brought to the athletic training room after being struck in the back of the head with a bat by accident. He is complaining of blurred vision. Which lobe of the brain has been affected?

Occipital

During the foreign body airway obstruction maneuver, the athletic trainer should grasp one fist with the other hand and place the thumb side of the fist where?

On the abdomen between the xyphoid process and the umbilicus

While evaluating an athlete's facial injury, you observe that the athlete is unable to look upward toward the ceiling. Which of the following conditions would you suspect?

Orbital blow-out fracture with entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle

Which of the following pieces of information gathered during an initial patient evaluation is most appropriately recorded in the subjective section of your medical documentation?

Patient's answer to the following question: "What would you like to be able to do after you complete your rehabilitation sessions?"

Foot drop may be indicative of what pathology?

Peroneal nerve injury

Which of the following muscles does not dorsiflex the ankle?

Peroneus brevis

Which structures are located in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

Peroneus longus and brevis muscles, the superficial branch of the peroneal nerve, and the peroneal artery

Which muscle does not assist in plantar flexion of the ankle?

Peroneus tertius

Which individual is ultimately responsible for determining the athlete's medical ability to return to competition?

Physician

An athlete comes to the athletic trainer holding a tooth that has just been knocked out of his mouth. What would be the proper steps for the athletic trainer to take to allow for a successful reimplantation?

Place the tooth in a cloth soaked with saline or water and get the athlete to a dentist within 30 minutes

Which position is most advantageous for palpating the dome of the talus?

Plantarflexion and inversion

______ and_______ are two conditions that will interfere with fracture healing.

Poor blood supply, poor immobilization

An athlete with a concussion should be held out of play for which of the following reasons regardless of the severity of the concussion?

Possibility of second impact syndrome

Which pulse is the most appropriate to assess when determining the circulation status of the lower extremity?

Posterior tibial pulse

The ___ pulse and ___ pulse should be palpated after an acute traumatic injury to the knee area to make sure the peripheral circulation to the involved limb is adequate.

Posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

How may an urinary tract infection (UTI) be avoided in a female athlete?

Practicing sanitary bowel and bladder habits

Your basketball team has reached the Sweet 16 round of the NCAA basketball tournament. In yesterday's practice session, your starting All-American point guard sprained an ankle and will not be ready for the game this coming weekend. You share this information at lunch with several close friends. After you share this information, your friends convince you to place a bet against your team because you are sure to make a profit. Which NATA Code of Ethics principle have you violated?

Principle 4: Members shall not engage in conduct that could be construed as a conflict of interest or that reflects negatively on the profession.

In the process of referring an athlete for psychosocial counseling, which of the following poorly demonstrates professional considerations and subsequent actions?

Probing into the current issues about the athlete's therapy

Which of the following somatic-based relaxation strategies is based on the premise that it is impossible to be nervous or tense if muscles are completely relaxed?

Progressive relaxation

Which of the following pieces of equipment are mandated by the NCAA?

Protective eyewear for female lacrosse players

What type of shock is commonly referred to as fainting?

Psychogenic shock

An acronym used for the immediate care of an acute musculoskeletal injury is which of the following?

RICE

A varus stress test for the elbow tests the integrity of which of the following ligaments?

Radial collateral and annular

Deep frostbite is a medical emergency. What would the proper course of treatment be for this problem?

Rapid rewarming of the affected body part with warm water

An athlete reports experiencing a minor seizure over the weekend. The team physician orders an electroencephalogram to assist in ruling out the presence of epilepsy and asks you to explain the purpose of the test to the athlete. How would you best explain the purpose of this test?

Records electrical activity in the brain

Which of the following records would be protected by the HIPAA but not the FERPA?

Records of counseling sessions with the high school psychologist

What is the most important function of basophils?

Release heparin into the bloodstream

Adam is a running back on your football team who comes to you with a bee sting. Adam has no history of previous allergic reactions to bee stings. What should be your course of action?

Remove the stinger; clean the wound; place ice on the site; administer over-the-counter antihistamine medication prn.

A lacrosse player comes limping into the athletic training room with assistance from a coach. He is holding his leg in slight hip and knee flexion. There is a large bulge in the proximal thigh. During the exam, the athletic trainer requests the athlete to extend his knee as he sits on the edge of a taping table. He is able to partially straighten his leg, although there is pain down the anterior thigh area with the attempt to move it. What does the athletic trainer suspect is wrong?

Ruptured rectus femoris muscle

When meeting with the host team's athletic trainer at the start of a softball tournament, which of the following pieces of information will assist you the most in minimizing injuries to your players?

Safe shelter in the event of a lightning delay, facility specific emergency action plan protocols, and the host athletic trainer's cell phone number

When meeting with the host team's athletic trainer at the start of a softball tournament, which of the following pieces of information will assist you the most in minimizing injuries to your players?

Safe shelter in the event of a lightning delay, facility-specific emergency action plan protocols, and the host athletic trainer's cell phone number

Which test, if positive, is indicative of a torn posterior cruciate ligament?

Sag Sign

Flexion and extension of the knee joint occurs in the _________ plane around a ________ axis.

Sagittal, coronal

The pes anserinus is made up of the tendons of what three muscles?

Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

_______ shock is a widely disseminated infection in many areas of the body, with the infection being borne through the blood from one tissue to another.

Septic

Which of the following continuing education credit activities would most likely be denied if submitted by a certified athletic trainer for credit?

Serving as an athletic trainer for a district all-star game

Which is an early sign of hypothermia?

Shivering

When recommending a running sneaker the athletic trainer should recommend a sole that has what major qualities?

Shock absorbing and durable

An evaluation of a cross‐country runner reveals that she has excessive supination bilaterally. Her coach would like to purchase shoes that most effectively address her biomechanical alignment. Which type of shoe would you recommend for this athlete?

Shoe with a flared heel, curved last, and moderate-to-high degree of shock absorption

What position is the "recommended" position for manually muscle testing the gluteus medius muscle?

Side lying, with the affected limb on top

Frostbite includes which of the following signs?

Skin appears blotchy white to yellow-gray

A pole‐vaulter misses the pit and makes contact with his head against the base of the support pole. Upon initial observation, you note bleeding from a small head laceration and blood and cerebrospinal drainage from the nose and ears. What condition do you suspect?

Skull Fracture

To test the hypoglossal nerve, the athletic trainer should request the athlete to perform what action?

Stick his or her tongue out

Two major symptoms of a spontaneous pneumothorax include _________and _________

Sudden chest pain, dyspnea

A soccer player collides with an opponent and walks off the field in a partially flexed position with the contralateral arm splinted against his body. During your evaluation you suspect a rib fracture with possible lung involvement. Which of the following signs would confirm your suspicion?

The athlete begins coughing up frothy red blood.

A soccer player lacking a shin guard has sustained a traumatic blow to the lower leg. He is unable to dorsiflex and invert the ankle. Which of the following conclusions would you make?

The athlete has sustained an injury to the anterior compartment, so integrity of the anterior tibial artery should be assessed.

An athlete who recently sustained a concussion and remains symptomatic is anxious to return for tomorrow's game. As his athletic trainer you are receiving pressure from the athlete, his parents, and the coaching staff to clear him for full participation. Which of the following is the best reason for withholding this athlete from participation?

The athlete is at increased risk for sustaining second-impact syndrome.

In which of the following situations would it be appropriate for the athletic trainer to progress from the primary survey to the secondary survey when completing an on-field assessment?

The athlete is conscious, stable, and is being treated for shock.

During a pre-participation physical examination, the athletic trainer uses a tape to measure from the umbilicus to the most distal point of the medial malleolus of one limb and compares to the other. A difference of 2 em is appreciated. What conclusions can the athletic trainer draw?

The athlete is demonstrating abnormal pelvic positioning.

How can you best explain to an athlete why, although no longer feeling pain, the athlete is not yet ready to return to competition?

The athlete is in the fibroblastic repair phase of the healing process, and the scar tissue has created a stable area, but the tissue has not returned to preinjury type and strength.

As the forward on your high school girls soccer team runs toward the goal, she plants her right foot and rotates toward midfield to receive a pass. Suddenly, she is hit by the opposing team's defender. She falls to the ground writhing in pain and holding her knee. On evaluation you suspect the athlete has sustained a severe knee ligament injury. When you share this information with the athlete and her parents, they are upset. What should be the role of the athlete in this situation?

The athlete should know and understand the risks associated with participation in this sport.

Which of the following athletes is demonstrating that he is acclimatized to a hot and humid environment?

The athlete who is the first team member to begin sweating during an outdoor practice session

Which of the following would be considered a long-term rehabilitation goal?

The athlete will have full strength in all elbow joint muscles at discharge.

The volleyball team is participating in a beach volleyball tournament. The coach has given the players sunscreen with SPF 15. What does an SPF of 15 imply?

The athletes can be exposed to ultraviolet light 15 times longer than they could without any sunscreen before their skin turns red.

Which of the following tests would be the most difficult to perform on the sidelines, during an athletic event, if you needed to assess an athlete for a concussion?

The balance error scoring system (BESS) test

An interior lineman is placed in a hard cast after sustaining a severe wrist sprain. According to NCAA rules pertaining to protective equipment, how can this athlete legally participate in a football game?

The cast must be removed before the athlete can legally participate.

You are concerned that a 12-year-old figure skater, who practices 3 hours each day, may be demonstrating negative psychological consequences of maintaining high-intensity training for an extended period. What potential negative aspect of this training should you explain to the parents of this child?

The child may experience impaired intellectual development.

Which of the following is an example of an objective assessment of ambulation that would be included in your medical record?

Type of surface on which the patient is able to ambulate

Alpine skiing world championships are scheduled in Japan. jet lag is bound to occur as a result of crossing several time zones. What should the athletic trainer recommend to the team members prior to their flight to combat the jet lag effect?

Upon arrival, adjust all training, eating, and sleeping schedules to the local time of the country in which they are competing

In what abdominal quadrant is the spleen located?

Upper Right

An athlete sustains an uncomplicated crown fracture. There is obvious tooth deformity and bleeding but not pain. How would you explain the absence of pain to the athlete?

The fracture affects only the enamel portion of the tooth, and the enamel contains no nerve endings.

You refer an athlete to the team orthopedist to rule out a Jones fracture. The physician calls you to confirm that the athlete has a fifth metatarsal fracture but not a Jones fracture. In what case would a fifth metatarsal fracture not be a Jones fracture?

The fracture is more than 1 em from the proximal diaphysis of the fifth metatarsal.

Which of the following indicates a correctly fitted shoulder pad for a football running back?

The inside shoulder pad covers the tip of the shoulder in direct line with the lateral aspect of the shoulder.

An athlete returns from the physician with a diagnosis of an "unhappy triad." Why was the definition of this condition recently revised?

The lateral meniscus is involved in this type of injury more frequently than the medial meniscus.

Which of the following is a major advantage of isokinetic resistance exercise for rehabilitating an injured athlete?

The safety of the exercise because the resistance will not exceed the amount of force that can be produced

How do lower extremity closed kinetic chain exercises minimize anterior tibial translation forces?

The shear force is counteracted by a co-contraction of the hamstrings.

While you are working in a baseball tournament, a storm approaches. The flash-to-bang count is 30 seconds. How should you apply this information?

The storm is 6 miles away, and all individuals should immediately seek safe shelter.

While performing an Allen's test, the athletic trainer notes that the radial pulse has disappeared. What do these findings imply?

The test is indicative of thoracic outlet syndrome whereby the pectoralis minor is compressing the neurovascular bundle

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the apprehension test for anterior glenohumeral laxity?

The test should be considered positive if the subject looks apprehensive during the test.

Which of the following groups should be included in an ergonomic risk assessment?

The worker, the worker's direct supervisor, and the facility's nurse

What is a common bony process broken during adult CPR?

The xyphoid process

What is the most professionally productive relationship between a coach and the team physician?

There should be mutual confidence and trust between the two.

A 14-year-old skateboarder falls while performing a trick and externally rotates his foot. The anterior tibiofibular ligament is intact, but you suspect he may have sustained a fracture. Which fracture is most likely based on this information?

Tillaux's fracture

To whom do HIPAA regulations apply?

To covered entities

An AED is used for what purpose?

To defibrillate the heart when an unconscious victim has no pulse

What is the purpose of conducting a secondary survey on a patient?

To perform a complete head-to-toe evaluation for any injuries

An athlete reports to the athletic training room wearing a neoprene knee brace with medial and lateral supports. What is the intended purpose of this brace?

To provide additional support subsequent to a collateral ligament injury

Why are regulations governing younger players more strict than those governing professional athletes?

To provide extra protection for young, skeletally immature athletes

What is the primary purpose of the Achilles' tendon tape job?

To restrict the amount of dorsiflexion at the ankle

What is the most common cause of airway obstruction in unconscious patients?

Tongue

Where is cyanosis best observed in a dark-skinned person?

Tongue and nailbeds

Which of the following should be included in the plan of care portion of the initial assessment record?

Total number of treatments required and goals by which progress will be measured

Following trauma, what is the initial response at the vascular level?

Transient vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation

The bat swing in baseball (movement of the arms) takes place in which of the following planes?

Transverse

For which of the following situations would the use of universal precautions by an athletic trainer be deemed necessary?

Treating the wound of a postsurgical patient on the 3rd day

An athlete reports to the athletic trainer with a deep laceration to his thigh. The cut is approximately 1inch long, and bleeding moderately. What would be the proper steps for the athletic trainer to take to treat this wound?

Use a pressure bandage to control the bleeding, keep the wound clean and free of debris, use Steri Strips for temporary closure, and apply ice and compression to the area

What is the prudent method of transporting an athlete with a suspected spinal injury?

Use a spine board with medical assistance

What is the most appropriate immediate treatment for an athlete with exertional heat illness?

Use full-body ice immersion to cool the athlete, and transport to a health-care facility.

One of your cross-country runners has an ongoing problem with tinea pedis. Which of the following actions should you take to assist this athlete in minimizing the problem?

Use talcum powder daily and keep his feet dry after showering

Before buying computer software, which of the following should an athletic trainer consider?

User-friendliness, compatibility of software to current hardware, and institutional technical support

Holding a vibrating tuning fork next to the athlete's ear to determine air conduction of sound is a test for the cranial nerve?

VIII

An athlete receives a head injury during a soccer game. While performing the on-field evaluation, the athletic trainer notices that the athlete has a hearing defect after testing for air and bone conduction using a tuning fork. Which cranial nerve is injured?

VIII ( vestibulocochlear)

What evaluative test is used to examine the integrity of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee?

Varus Stress Test

Which of the following signs and symptoms best characterize hypovolemic shock?

Very low blood pressure; rapid weak pulse; and cold, pale clammy skin

Which of the following tests cranial nerve II?

Visual acuity

An athletic trainer is using healing imagery to assist a patient who is progressing slower than anticipated through the repair phase of the healing process. Which of the following images should the athletic trainer teach the athlete to envision?

Visualize fibroblasts laying down scar tissue to make the injured area stronger and more stable.

A patient presents with a flexion contracture of the wrist and fingers subsequent to an ulnar fracture. Which of the following pathological postures is most associated with this presentation?

Volkmann's ischemic contracture

Before releasing an athlete, who has sustained a cerebral concussion, to the responsible adult who will be monitoring him overnight, which of the following signs and symptoms require immediate referral to the emergency department?

Vomiting

A middle-distance runner suffers from exercise-induced asthma. Which of the following environments is most likely to reduce the intensity and number of episodes of wheezing during activity?

Warm and moist

A middle‐distance runner suffers from exercise‐induced asthma. Which of the following environments is most likely to reduce the intensity and number of episodes of wheezing during activity?

Warm and moist

In which of the following situations should the athletic trainer refer an athlete to an outside health-care provider rather than continue to treat the athlete?

When the relationship with the athlete serves the athletic trainer's needs more than it serves the athlete

What question does the assessment portion of an initial evaluation medical record answer?

Why does this patient require rehabilitation skills and services?

According to NCAA policies, how frequently are sports rules reviewed and potentially revised?

annually

what is trauma

any injury or wound

You are progressing an athlete who is recovering from a femoral stress fracture by transitioning him from non-weight-bearing activities to partial weight-bearing activities. The basis of your progression is to place controlled stresses on the bone and soft tissue, causing them to remodel and realign along the lines of tensile force. Which principle of rehabilitation are you applying to this athlete?

Wolff's law

If you desire to work as an athletic trainer in the industrial setting, which of the following knowledge and skill sets would be most helpful?

Workplace ergonomics

Your team physician is a strong supporter of athletic trainers and would like to become a member of the NATA. Is this possible?

Yes; the physician can be a member in the category of Associate

A physician holds a weekly clinic in your athletic training room two mornings per week. The physician has requested permission to store and dispense a few select prescription medications from the athletic training room. How would you best respond to the request?

You agree with the stipulation that a Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) facility certificate be obtained and that in the signed physician agreement you be listed as an agent assigned by the DEA.

A football helmet should be removed only under which of the following circumstances?

You cannot gain adequate access to the airway

Which of the following is not a component of a primary survey? a. Check for sensations of numbness, tingling, or burning b. Check surroundings and environment c. Check athlete for ABC d. Check for severe bleeding e. Check surroundings and environment and check for severe bleeding

a. Check for sensations of numbness, tingling, or burning

All of the following symptoms should alert the athletic trainer to serious pathology that requires immediate referral to a physician except : a. Itchy skin, especially when it involves areas on the feet and toes b. Painful urination c. Unexpected weight loss d. Night pain e. Palpable lump in the breast or axilla

a. Itchy skin, especially when it involves areas on the feet and toes

When evaluating the inert structures of a joint, passive range of motion is used to determine all of the following except: a. The athlete's willingness to move b. Limitations of joint motion c. joint stability d. Muscle elasticity e. Soft tissue elasticity

a. The athlete's willingness to move

How often must helmets be recertified and reconditioned, using those that are vendor‐approved by the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment, if no warranty exists or after the warranty expires? a. Every year b. Every 2 years c. At the end of the playing season d. Every 4 years e. Recertification/reconditioning is not recommended after the warranty expires

a. every year

During a prophylactic ankle taping application using a closed basket‐weave procedure, heel locks are applied to the medial and lateral aspects of the ankle in a continuous manner. What is the primary goal of this component of the closed basket‐weave taping procedure? a. Limit subtalar inversion and eversion b. Limit subtalar dorsiflexion and plantarflexion c. Limit talar joint dorsiflexion and plantarflexion d. Limit ankle joint pronation and supination e. Limit forefoot adduction and abduction

a. limit subtalar inversion and eversion

Frostbite includes which of the following signs? a. Skin appears blotchy white to yellow-gray b. Skin is purple c. Skin is pale d. Skin is warm e. All of the above

a. skin appears blotchy, white to yellow-gray

an athlete has recently undergone splenectomy. which of the following functions are most impacted by this procedure

ability to produce and destroy blood cells during systemic infection

blocker's exostosis

also known as myositis ossificans of the biceps

An athlete comes to the athletic training room with what appears to be a tick embedded in his lower leg. The athletic trainer should instruct the athlete not to do which of the following? Select one: a. Keep the area clean and free of other debris b. Pull the tick off with tweezers c. Cover the tick with mineral oil d. Put fingernail polish remover onto its body e. All of the above Incorrect

b. Pull the tick off with tweezers

All of the following are true when fitting shoulder pads except: a. Axillary straps should not be very tight but just enough to be snug around the chest to keep the shoulder pads in place b. Shoulder pads should stop at the midsternum c. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint should have a channel of foam padding d. Lateral flaps should cover down to the deltoid tuberosity e. The neck opening must allow the athlete to raise the arm overhead, but not allow the pad to shift

b. Shoulder pads should stop at the midsternum

Profuse sweating, dizziness, and nausea are signs and symptoms of which of the following? a. Heat stroke b. Heat exhaustion c. Hypothermia d. Frostbite e. Heat cramps

b. heat exhaustion

All of the following are signs/symptoms of anaphylactic shock except: a. Development of rash or hives b. Wheezing sounds coming from the chest c. An increase in blood pressure d. Rapid, weak pulse e. AandD

c. An increase in blood pressure

An athlete you have just evaluated for a possible head injury has a noticeable facial droop on the left side of his face. Which cranial nerve(s) is involved? a. I b. IV,V c. VII d. III, IX e. II, VI

c. VII

Which of the following is a condition of rapidly rising internal body temperature that occurs when the body's mechanisms for the release of heat are overwhelmed? a. Hyperthermia b. Heat exhaustion c. Heat stroke d. Hypothermia e. Raynaud's phenomenon

c. heat stroke

You observe a lacrosse player cutting down his mouthpiece so that it only covers his front six teeth. What should you communicate to this athlete regarding the consequence associated with his actions? a. He has predisposed himself to dental injury. b. He has increased his risk of an airway obstruction. c. His actions have invalidated the manufacturer's warranty. d. He has increased his risk of sustaining a concussion. e. He is at increased risk of incurring a team penalty.

c. his actions have invalidated the warranty

Which of the following is a sign of heat stroke? a. Pale, cold, clammy skin b. Unequal pupils c. Hot and relatively dry skin d. Slow pulse e. Diaphoresis

c. hot and relativity dry skin

Which position is most advantageous for palpating the dome of the talus? a. Dorsiflexion and inversion b. Plantarflexion and eversion c. Plantarflexion and inversion d. Dorsiflexion and eversion e. Dorsiflexion without inversion or eversion

c. plantarflexion and inversion

A middle‐distance runner suffers from exercise‐induced asthma. Which of the following environments is most likely to reduce the intensity and number of episodes of wheezing during activity? a. Cold and dry b. Warm and dry c. Cold and moist d. Warm and moist e. Hot and dry

c. warm and moist

burner/stinger

caused by traction force placed on brachial plexus or impingement of cervical nerve roots

which hormone or hormones are secreted by the corpus luteum?

estrogen and progesterone

During preseason, your football players regularly submerge themselves in cold water tubs in the locker room to cool off after practice. Which method of heat exchange is being employed?

convection

Which of the following acts may an athletic trainer be accused of committing if he or she proceeds with a therapeutic treatment before gaining patient consent?

criminal battery

type 5 salter harris fracture

crushing of the physis with no displacement- may cause permanent disclosure LEAST SEVERE

A second‐degree burn will have which of the following characteristics? a. A raised, reddened appearance b. A white, mottled appearance c. A blackened, hard appearance d. A reddened area with blisters e. Blanched, shiny appearance

d. A reddened area with blisters

An athlete with a skull fracture will have which of the following? a. Battle's sign b. Raccoon eyes c. Tenderness in the hard palate d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Extrinsic risk factors of athletic injury include which of the following? a. Training errors b. Poor or inappropriate coaching c. Improper technique d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The athletic trainer should do which of the following when dealing with an athlete with heat exhaustion? a. Administer cool fluids b. Remove unnecessary clothing c. Move to a cool place d. All of the above

d. All of the above

To determine if a victim is breathing you should do all of the following except: a. Place your ear over the victim's mouth to listen for breath sounds b. Observe the chest c. Feel for the rise and fall of the chest d. Ask the athlete to say his or her name e. A and C

d. Ask the athlete to say his or her name

When an athlete reports to the athletic trainer complaining of lateral hip pain, all of the following conditions might be the source of pain except: a. Trochanteric bursitis b. Strain of the gluteus medius c. Lumbar discogenic disease d. Avulsion of the ischial tuberosity e. Strain of the tensor fasciae latae

d. Avulsion of the ischial tuberosity

Information gained during the palpation phase of the athletic trainer's initial assessment might include all of the following except: a. Presence of crepitus b. Sensory function c. Presence of a deformity d. Degree of functional movement e. A and B

d. Degree of functional movement

All of the following are functions of the liver except: a. Carbohydrate metabolism b. Detoxification of blood Incorrect c. Protein synthesis d. Detoxification of urine e. Bile production

d. Detoxification of urine

Which of the following is not included in a rehabilitation program after an injury? a. Plyometrics Incorrect b. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation c. Agility drills d. Immobilization e. Joint mobilizations

d. Immobilization

A rugby player sustains a confirmed head injury during a game and had been removed from the game. All of the following are symptoms/signs of increasing intracerebral pressure that the athletic trainer should monitor except : a. Nausea and vomiting b. Pupil irregularity c. Increase in systolic blood pressure with decrease in diastolic blood pressure d. Romberg's sign e. Changes in cognition

d. Romberg's sign

Which of the following is not a sign of hypovolemic shock? a. Low blood pressure b. Rapid and weak pulse c. Shallow and extremely rapid respiration d. Slow and weak pulse e. Agitation

d. Slow and weak pulse

A soccer player lacking a shin guard has sustained a traumatic blow to the lower leg. He is unable to dorsiflex and invert the ankle. Which of the following conclusions would you make? a. The athlete has sustained an injury to the lateral compartment, so integrity of the peroneal artery should be assessed. b. The athlete has sustained an injury to the anterior compartment, so integrity of the peroneal artery should be assessed. c. The athlete has sustained an injury to the superficial posterior compartment, so integrity of the posterior tibial artery should be assessed. d. The athlete has sustained an injury to the anterior compartment, so integrity of the anterior tibial artery should be assessed. e. The athlete has sustained an injury to the superficial posterior compartment, so integrity of the dorsalis pedis artery should be assessed.

d. The athlete has sustained an injury to the anterior compartment, so integrity of the anterior tibial artery should be assessed.

A grade 1 inversion ankle sprain involves which structure? a. Tibiofibular ligament b. Posterior talofibular ligament c. Calcaneofibular ligament d. Anterior talofibular ligament e. Spring ligament

d. anterior talofibular ligament

To determine if a victim is breathing you should do all of the following except: a. Place your ear over the victim's mouth to listen for breath sounds b. Observe the chest c. Feel for the rise and fall of the chest d. Ask the athlete to say his or her name e. A and C

d. ask the athlete to say his or her name

Athletes can prevent lower leg injuries by all of the following except: a. Stretching Incorrect b. Proper footwear c. Proprioceptive training d. Strength training e. All of the above

e. All of the above

The NATA position statement on exertional heat illness recommends which of the following? a. Ensure that the appropriate medical care is available and the rescue personnel are familiar with exertional heat illness prevention, recognition) and treatment b. Plan rest breaks to match environmental conditions and the intensity of the activity c. Weigh high-risk athletes (in high-risk conditions, weigh all athletes) before and after practice to estimate the amount of body water lost during practice and to ensure a return to prepractice weight before next practice d. Allow athletes to practice in shaded areas or use electric or cooling fans to circulate air when feasible e. All of the above

e. All of the above

When selecting and fitting protective gear and sports equipment, the athletic trainer should do which of the following to minimize liability? a. Buy protective gear or equipment from a reputable manufacturer b. Ensure that the individual who assembles the equipment is competent to do so c. If the athlete is wearing a cast1 brace, or other type of immobilization device, ensure that it does not violate the rules of the sport d. Ensure the equipment is not defective e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which of the following muscles does not flex the hip? a. Tensor fascia latae b. Pectineus c. Iliopsoas d. Rectus femoris e. Biceps femoris

e. Biceps femoris

All of the following symptoms are considered "red flags," requiring urgent referral to a physician, except: a. Persistent headaches b. Constant pain c. Insomnia d. Malaise, fatigue e. Hunger

e. Hunger

All of the following structures pass through the popliteal fossa except: a. Tibial nerve b. Popliteal artery c. Popliteal vein d. Common peroneal nerve e. Peroneal artery

e. Peroneal artery

Which of the following is not part of the treatment for plantar fasciitis? a. Heel cups b. Soft orthotics c. Ultrasound d. Arch taping e. Use of a metatarsal bar

e. Use of a metatarsal bar

A soccer player has fractured his right lower leg, been placed in a cast, and given crutches. The addition of crutches does what to his center of gravity? a. Moves it to the left b. Moves it to the midabdominal area c. Moves it to the right d. There is no effect on the center of gravity e. Enlarges the base of support

e. enlarge base support

Foot drop may be indicative of what pathology? a. Plantar nerve injury b. Shin splints c. Osteochondritis dissecans d. Achilles' tendonitis e. Peroneal nerve injury

e. peroneal nerve injury

what should be the first step when implementing conditioning programs for 45 +?

ensure a pre participation medical screening has been completed

The most comprehensive approaches to sport injury research involves applying the principles of epidemiology. Which of the following best describes the science of epidemiology

study of distribution of diseases, injuries, or other health states in human populations for the purpose of identifying and implementing measures to prevent their development and spread.

When communicating with a patient, what type of question may result in the patient rationalizing or becoming defensive?

why