body cavities and their subdivisions

two layers of the serous membranes

Parietal layer: lines internal surface of body wall Visceral layer: covers external surface of organs (viscera) within cavity

two layers of the pericardium?

Parietal pericardium: the outermost layer and forms the sac around the heart. Visceral pericardium (epicardium): forms the heart's external surface.

two layers of peritoneum

Parietal peritoneum: outer layer of serous membrane, lines internal walls of abdominopelvic cavity Visceral peritoneum: inner layer of this serous membrane, ensheathes the external surfaces of most of the digestive organs.

two layers of pleura?

Parietal pleura: outer layer, lines internal surface of thoracic wall Visceral pleura: covers external surface of the lung

abdominopelvic cavity

abdominal and pelvic area

how are cavities named?

according to the bones that surround them or the organs they contain

ventral cavity

arises from coelom that forms during embryonic development. Becomes further partitioned into the superior thoracic cavity and the inferior abdominopelvic cavity, divided by the muscular partition called the thoracic diaphragm

Serous cavity:

between the two layers, potential space. It is capable of becoming a larger cavity and contains a film of serous fluid that is secreted by the cells of the serous membranes. The serous fluid acts a lubricant to reduce friction.

thoracic cavity

chest area

what two cavities further make up the posterior aspect?

cranial cavity and vertebral canal

cranial cavity:

formed by cranium and houses the brain

vertebral canal

formed by individual bones of the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord

pelvic cavity

inferior to imaginary line. Contains distal part of the large intestine, urinary bladder/urethra, and internal reproductive organs.

body cavities

internal organs and organ systems are housed within separate enclosed spaces (cavities) which are named according to bones that surround them or organs they contain.

mediastinum

median space in thoracic cavity. Contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels

peritoneum

moist, two layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity

pleural cavity:

narrow, moist, potential space between the parietal and visceral layers, location of serous fluid.

what two layered serous membranes is the heart enclosed by?

pericardium

what is the axial region subdivided into?

posterior aspect (dorsal cavity) and ventral cavity

peritoneal cavity

potential space between serous membrane layers, serous fluid

pericardial cavity

potential space between the parietal and visceral pericardia, contains serous fluid.

what are both the ventral cavities lined with?

serous membranes

serous membrane

serve as mechanism to organize and partition within the body. Composed of two layers (parietal and visceral) with a thin serous cavity in between containing a lubricating film of serous fluid (prevents friction)

abdominal cavity:

superior to an imaginary line drawn between the superior aspects of the hip bones. Contains most of the organs of the digestive system and kidneys/ureters.

what cavities make up the ventral cavity?

thoracic and abdominopelvic

posterior aspect (dorsal cavity)

two enclosed cavities. both are encased in bone and therefore are physically and developmentally different from the ventral cavity

pleura

two layered serous membrane of the lungs