Book Based CRIM 2313 Study Guide
The U.S. legis- lation that established the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (the COPS Office) in the U.S. Justice Department.
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
Who are the Texas Rangers? How did they begin? What were they used for then and now? How did they treat the outlaws in TX?
helped tame villages, helped with wild animals as well, fought Indians
What is the mayors role involving law enforcement?
hire and fire police chiefs
What are the main responsibilities of immigration and customs enforcement ?
illegal immigration
Describe the centralized policing model for state agencies
it assist local law enforcement departments, operate identification bureaus, maintain centralized criminal records, patrol state highways, provides training for municipal and county officers
What are some of the controversies surrounding private policing? IN REALITY THESE ARE FALSE
it is for profit, could replace public policing
What are the responsibilities of the US Marshal Service?
judicial security and fugitive investigation
Edger Hoover
leader of the FBI at one point
What led to the emergence of state agencies?
major coal strike in 1902 prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to appoint a commission to look into problems maintaining the mining region. This led to the establishment of state police
What is a big distinguishing rule of our government?
majority rule/direct democracy
thief taker An alternative name for Henry Fielding's Bow Street Runners.
thief taker
An early English police unit formed under the leadership of Henry Fielding, magistrate of the Bow Street region of London. Also referred to as thief takers.
Bow Street Runners
What are Bobbies?
British police force whose primary goal was the prevention of crime. Named after Sir Robert Peel, who introduced the legislation that created the force.
What is 2 thoughts that come to mind to describe municipal police?
Chief is usually appointed by the mayor or selected by the city council The majority of these agencies have less than 10 full-time officers
What is the role of the police commissioner?
acts like a corporate board of directors, setting policy and overseeing the department's operations
How id America edit the English system?
adding force + more politics
Quasi-military
an organization similar to the military along structures of strict authority and reporting relations
The night watch system evolved into what system
franks pledge system
Who appoints the head of federal law enforcement agencies?
the president
International Police Association
Founded in 1950, the largest police professional association in the world. provides an opportunity for law enforcement professionals from around the world to meet one another, share information, and learn of operational "best practices" that have proved successful in other agencies.
What is 2 thoughts that come to mind to describe sheriffs department?
Have both law enforcement and corrections responsibilities The department head is usually elected
Who was responsible for the first paid watchman?
Henry Fielding and John Fielindling
Who created the Bow Street Runners?
Henry Fielding's
What 2 things were under August Volllmer?
Illinois Crime Survey A series of influential reports, published in 1929, on homicide, juvenile justice, and justice operations in Chicago that criti- cized the corrupt political influence on the justice system. Wickersham Commission A commission appointed by President Herbert Hoover in 1929 to investigate the operations and problems of the criminal justice system. Formally known as the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement.
the rime commission are...
Illinois crime survey, wikersham commission, helped vGreat Depression
BLANK and BLANK all officers to provide information to the media may be a more effective strategy for improving the media image of a police department
Training and encouraging
Kin Policing
An early form of policing that relied on family and clans to be responsible for the behaviors of their people
roughly how many law enforcement agencies are their?
20,000
Who is Sir Robert Peel?
England's home security in 1829 guided through parliament an "act for improving the polce in and near the metropolis" --> became the Metropolitan Police Act
Americas police department is highly influenced by the BLANK
English
What is the earliest form of policing?
Kin Policing
Law enforcement organizations differ from other organizations in several respects, but there are two key difference, What are they?
Law enforcement organizations have line and staff personnel, and most follow a quasi-military command structure
The BLANK decide how much money is allocated to the police and other city agencies
Mayor and city council
What is 2 thoughts that come to mind to describe state police?
Most agencies initially created for a specific purpose May use a centralized or decentralized policing model
The term local agencies encompass a wide variety of organizations but which 2 are most familiar?
Municipal police departments and sheriff's departments
Big citifies could not keep up with crime and immigration was high so the BLANK was formed
NYPD
The International Association of Chiefs of Police
Nonprofit international organization providing training and education opportunities for police
Frankpledge system
Peacekeeping system in early England in which a group of 10 local families agreed to maintain the peace and make sure lawbreakers were taken into custody and brought to court.
What is the responsibilities of the secret service?
Provide protection for the president and other government officials, enforce the suppression of counterfeit currency, investigate organized crime and money laundry schemes
What is the legislatures role involving law enforcement?
Responsible for grant funding of city and county law enforcement agencies
What is a shire reeve?
Sheriff
Information about Sheriffs Depart! READ 2X
Sheriff's deputies mostly patrol the unincorporated areas of the county, or those that lie between municipalities. They do, however, have jurisdiction throughout the county, and in some areas they routinely work alongside municipal police to enforce laws within towns and cities. Sheriff's departments are also generally responsible for serving court papers, including civil summonses, and for maintaining security within state courtrooms. They run county jails and are responsible for more detainees awaiting trial than any other type of law enforcement department in the country.
What is a group of several parishes?
Shires
You have just been hired by the Secret Service. You expect your job to involve protecting the U.S. President or another important government official. Instead, you are giving a completely different assignment. Given the original mission of the Secret Service, which of the following is most likely to be your assignment?
Suppressing counterfeiting
After being arrested for violating several federal laws, the suspect manages to escape from custody. As the agent in charge of the facility from which the suspect escaped, which federal agency will you turn to as the one responsible for apprehending this fugitive?
The U.S. Marshals Service
National Black Police Association
The parent association, founded in 1972, for local and regional associations of African-American police professionals.
What was the first federal agencies? SIDE NOTE: remember this agencies played a lot of roles in the beginning that are now responsibilities of other agencies
US Marshall Services
When people begin to move west crime was high therefore who had to be appointed to help this issue?
US Marshalls and Sheriffs
Max Weber did identify five principles that he suggested are characteristic of an effective bureaucratic organization FLIP TO REVIEW THEM
Well-defined hierarchy of authority. In every traditional police organization, superior-subordinate relationships are based on authority, from the patrol officer up to the chief. Each person at a higher position or rank has more authority than do his or her subordinates. Specialization. Every person's job is broken into precise, routine, and well-defined tasks. By dividing tasks among several work groups, the organization becomes more efficient. Formalization. There must be a well-established system of rules and regulations detailing workers' duties to ensure uniformity and reduce discretion. Impersonality of management. Decisions should be made without regard to personalities or individuals. Decision making should be based on the goals and objectives of the agency. Personnel decisions based on merit. Positions should be filled and promotions made according to merit—that is, based on the experience and qualifications of the individual. The agency must strive to put the best qualified individuals in each position. Authority is accomplished via the rank structure. Specialization is evident not just in levels of supervision (the vertical dimension) but also within the agency's various divisions (the horizontal dimension).
What 2 things resulted from 9/11 for policing?
a decrease in community policing, and increase in evidence based policing
When police came to American what entity was VERY involved
churches
Orlando Winfield Wilson
clamped down on corruption and brutality, fired 20% of the force, mission statement"he square Deal Code (which eventually became the template for the code of ethics of the international associations of chiefs of police)
Describe the decentralized policing model for state agencies
common in south and midwestern places it draws a clear distinction between traffic enforcement on state highways and other state level law enforcement functions
What are the four different police organizational environments?
community, govenment officials, media, other police agencies
A management theory that recognizes that there are often different types of tasks within a single organization, including
contingency theory
What are the two forms of city government in the United States?
council-manager form and the mayor-council form
What does community policing advocate for?
decentralized, proactive, preventative based, neighborhood police service delivery system, respect for human dignity and respecting constitutional rights
What Role does the US congress play?
enact legislation dispensing grant money to local law enforcement
The FBI is responsible for BLANK federal laws, not apprehending federal fugitives.
enforcing
What are the main responsibilities of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, etc and the Drug Enforcement Administration
enforcing controlled substances, screens the application and issues firearms licences and targets illegal firearm trafficing, a tea collection, enforcement, and regulatory are of the Department of Justice
What is the responsibilities of the FBI?
enforcing federal laws and investigating terrorism
What are some consequences of democracy for police?
ensures a certain amount of crime is inevitable, Bill of rights makes rue they answer to the people, 4th amendment to the constitution mandates police meet certain requirements
What are some of the features of Democracy
equality, open government, due process protection
The community era is the
era of change
What structure is similar to the police chain of command?
military
tradition policing means
military style
What dos the city council have control over?
municipal police agencies
What is equal to ten tithings?
parish
What is the difference between the council-manager form and the mayor-council form?
presence or absence of a city manager
police officers testify in front of a jury during the BLANK stage of trial
pretrial
What are the responsibilities of the US Customs and Border Protection
primary responsible for controlling and protecting Americans orders and port entry, including international airports and international shipping ports. Biggest concur is combating terrorism
Back in the day US Marshalls were responsible for???
prison transportation, serving warrants, jurisdictione verywhere
Name five differences between public and private policing. Please State them out loud
private police personnel focus largely on loss control and prevention. Public policing is funded by tax dollars. Private policing has "client driven mandates". Private police rely on surveillance. Private policing is also distinguished from public policing by its focus on "private justice" rather than public justice.
Max Weber and Taylor contributed to polices
productivity and a successful workplace
What are some of the positives of federalism?
promotes participation, spreads power
What era fit August Volmer come about and how did he feel about police?
reform era, policing should be regarded as a public service, as profession focused on improving society
During the political era people did more BLANK than preventing crime
regulating
What is the EXACT type of democracy of the USA
representative democracy
International Union of Police Association
represents rank-and-file police officers and their unions from across the country. Speaks highly of Police Administrators
What is the governor's role involving law enforcement?
set state policies and prioritize spending for certain projects
A view of organizational style, rooted in biology, that posits that organizations are living organisms that strive for a state of equilibrium, or balance, and that affect or are affected by their environment.
system perspective
What was the purpose of slave patrol?
to capture runaway slaves and prevent unionization
T/F municipal police are all organized the same
true
What are some of the consequences of federalism?
turf wars, money can be used to pull string
Did Sir Robert peel want to professionalize police
yes
