Brain WileyPLUS Chapter 16 and 17
A typical reflex arc involves the following components: 1. sensory neuron 2. motor neuron 3. sensory receptor 4. integrating center 5. effector The correct order is:
3, 1, 4, 2, 5
There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves, consisting of the following groups: _____ pairs of cervical, _____ pairs of thoracic, _____ pairs of lumbar, _____ pairs of sacral, and _____ pair of coccygeal spinal nerves.
31, 8, 12, 5, 5, 1
_____ (or sensory) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____.
Afferent, receptors, central nervous system
What is the best description of the pia mater? A. contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord B. most superficial meninx C. contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue D. consists of collagen and elastic fiber network; has no blood vessels E. thick strong layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue
Contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord
_____ (or motor) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____ (muscles or glands).
Efferent, central nervous system, effectors
Select the muscle(s) served by the obturator nerve. A. gluteus maximus B. gastrocnemius and soleus muscles C tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles D. adductor muscles of thigh E. anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius)
adductor muscles of thigh
Accidentally stepping on a nail with the sole of your foot causes you quite a bit of discomfort. Which type of pathway is involved in relaying information about the nail to the central nervous system?
afferent (sensory)
A synapse is a functional junction between: A. a neuron and a glandular cell. B. two neurons. C. all of these choices. D. a neuron and a muscle cell.
all of these choices
The peripheral nervous system includes: A. all of these choices B. cranial nerves and their branches C. spinal nerves and their branches D. ganglia
all of these choices
The gray matter of the spinal cord: A. is surrounded by white matter B. contains neuronal cell bodies. C. is subdivided into regions called horns. D. all of these choices.
all of these choices.
The meninx indicated by the line is the _____ (second layer on the spinal column)
arachnoid mater
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the sciatic nerve? It: A. splits at about the level of the knee into tibial and common fibular nerves. B. sends branches to the hamstring muscles. C. is the largest nerve in the body. D. arises from the lumbar plexus.
arises from the lumbar plexus.
Which neuroglia would be most responsible for helping to prevent pathogens and toxins from entering the brain from the blood?
astrocytes
What is the best description of the subarachnoid space? A. contains interstitial fluid B. between dura mater and arachnoid mater C. between arachnoid mater and pia mater D. between dura mater and the wall of vertebral canal E. contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue
between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater
From which plexus does the long thoracic nerve arise?
brachial
From which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise?
brachial
From which plexus does the phrenic nerve arise?
cervical
The main plexuses formed by the anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nerves are:
cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral
The white matter of the spinal cord: A. is subdivided into regions called horns. B. all of these choices. C. contains ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts. D. is surrounded by gray matter.
contains ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts.
Select the structure(s) served by the axillary nerve A. flexors of the wrist B. extensors of the wrist C. biceps brachii D. diaphragm C. deltoid muscle
deltoid muscle
Select the structure(s) served by the phrenic nerve. A. flexors of the wrist B. diaphragm C. skin of superior portion of the chest and shoulder D. adductor muscles of thigh E. quadriceps femoris muscle
diaphragm
In order to flex your fingers, which type of impulse will the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle need to receive?
efferent (motor)
Select the muscle(s) served by the femoral nerve. A. gluteus maximus B. tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles C. extensor muscles of knee joint D. adductor muscles of thigh E. gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
extensor muscles of knee joint
Select the best description of axon terminals: A. side branches along the length of an axon B. fine processes at the ends of an axon C. join axon to cell body D. stored in synaptic vesicles
fine processes at the ends of an axon
Select the structure(s) served by the median nerve. A.quadriceps femoris muscle B. skin of superior portion of the chest and shoulder C. diaphragm D. extensors of the wrist E. flexors of the wrist
flexors of the wrist
A _____ refers to a small mass of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies, outside of the brain and spinal cord.
ganglion
Select the muscle(s) served by the tibial nerve. A. gluteus maximus B. tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles C. gastrocnemius and soleus muscles D. anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius) E. adductor muscles of thigh
gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
Select the muscle(s) served by the inferior gluteal nerve. A. adductor muscles of thigh B. anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius) C. gluteus maximus D. gastrocnemius and soleus muscles E. tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles
gluteus maximus
The central canal of the spinal cord is located in the center of the:
gray commissure
Motor impulses that help maintain muscle tone and posture are conveyed from the brain through the spinal cord by the:
indirect pathways
The senses of pain and temperature are conveyed to the brain by:
lateral spinothalamic tracts
From which plexus does the femoral nerve arise?
lumbar
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the location of the brachial plexus? A. passes above the first rib posterior to the clavicle B. on the neck alongside the first four cervical vertebrae C. extends inferiorly and laterally on either side of the last few cervical and first thoracic vertebrae D. enters the axilla
on the neck alongside the first four cervical vertebrae
Diverging circuits allow for transmission of nerve impulses from _____ neuron(s) to _____ neuron(s)
one, several
Which of the following contain cell bodies of interneurons? A. anterior (ventral) gray horns B. all of these choices C. posterior (dorsal) gray horns D. posterior (dorsal) root ganglia
posterior (dorsal) gray horns
The part of the spinal cord indicated by the line is the _____
posterior (dorsal) root
Which of the following contains sensory information ONLY? A. posterior (dorsal) ramus B. anterior (ventral) ramus C. posterior (dorsal) root D. anterior (ventral) root
posterior (dorsal) root
From which plexus does the superior gluteal nerve arise?
sacral
Which of the following convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to skeletal muscles only? A. afferent motor neurons B. somatic motor neurons C. sympathetic motor neurons D. parasympathetic motor neurons
somatic motor neurons
The two main routes for sensory information traveling up the spinal cord to the brain are _____ tracts and _____ columns.
spinothalamic, posterior
Cerebrospinal fluid is found between two layers of the meninges, in a space called the _____.
subarachnoid space
Spinal nerves T2-T12 differ from all other spinal nerves in that:
the anterior (ventral) rami do not contribute to a plexus.
Which structure of the neuron will contain the greatest number of neurotransmitter receptors?
the dendrites
The conus medullaris is: A. the attachment of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord. B. the junction between the medulla and the spinal cord. C. the tapering end of the spinal cord inferior to the lumbar enlargement. D. the inner portion of the spinal cord, seen in cross section.
the tapering end o the spinal cord inferior to the lumbar enlargement
Select the muscle(s) served by the common fibular nerve. A. tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles B. adductor muscles of thigh C. gluteus maximus D. gastrocnemius and soleus muscles E. anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius)
tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles
Select the structure(s) served by the radial nerve. A. skin of superior portion of the chest and shoulder B. flexors of the wrist C. deltoid muscle D. triceps brachii E. diaphragm
triceps brachii
Select the best description of dendrites: A. usually myelinated B. accumulates as yellow-brown granules as the cell ages C. usually short and branched D. stored in synaptic vesicles
usually short and branched
