BRS behavioral chapter 1

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. Smiles in response to a human face. (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(A) 0-3 months

When a physician conducts a well-child check up on a typical 2-year-old girl, the child is most likely to show which of the following skills or characteristics? (A) Speaks in two-word sentences (B) Is toilet trained (C) Can comfortably spend most of the day away from her mother (D) Can ride a tricycle (E) Engages in cooperative play

(A) Speaks in two-word sentences

The husband of a 28-year-old woman, who gave birth to a healthy infant 2 weeks ago, reports that he found her shaking the infant to stop it from crying. When the doctor questions the woman about the incident, she says "I did not realize it would be so much work." The patient also reports that she wakes up at 5 am every day and cannot fall back asleep and has very little appetite. The next step in management is for the doctor to: (A) assess the patient for thoughts of suicide (B) advise the father to hire a caregiver to assist the mother in caring or the child (C) set up another appointment for the following week (D) prescribe an antidepressant (E) tell the father that the mother is showing evidence of the "baby blues"

(A) assess the patient for thoughts of suicide

The elderly grandfather of two children, one aged 2 years and one aged 4 years, has recently died. The children's grandfather was very involved in the care of the children. When the children are told about the death, the typical perception of their grandfather's death for the 2-year-old and the 4-year-old, respectively, is most likely to be that the death: (A) is abandonment; is punishment (B) is punishment; is abandonment (C) is punishment; is irreversible (D) is abandonment; is irreversible (E) is irreversible; is punishment

(A) is abandonment; is punishment

The mother of a 1-month-old child, her second, is concerned because the baby cries every day from 6 pm to 7 pm. Sh e tells the doctor that, unlike her first child who was always calm, nothing she does during this hour seems to comfort this baby. Physical examination is unremarkable, and the child has gained 2 pounds since birth. With respect to the mother, the physician should: (A) reassure her that all children are different and that some crying is normal (B) recommend that she see a psychotherapist (C) prescribe an antidepressant (D) recommend that the father care or the child when it is crying (E) refer her to a pediatrician specializing in "difficult" infants

(A) reassure her that all children are different and that some crying is normal

When a physician conducts a well-child check up on a 3-year-old boy, he finds that the child can ride a tricycle, copy a circle, engage in parallel play with other children, name some of his body parts (e.g., nose, eyes) but not others (e.g., hand, finger), and has about a 50-word vocabulary. With respect to motor, social, and cognitive/verbal skills, respectively, the best description of this child is: (A) typical, typical, needs evaluation (B) typical, typical, typical (C) needs evaluation, typical, needs evaluation (D) typical, needs evaluation, needs evaluation (E) typical, needs evaluation, typical

(A) typical, typical, needs evaluation

A typical 8-month-old child is brought to the pediatrician for his monthly well-baby examination. The child is the family's first, and he is cared for at home by his mother. When the doctor approaches the child in his mother's arms, the child's behavior is most likely to be characterized by: (A) withdrawal from the doctor (B) smiling at the doctor (C) indifference to the doctor (D) an anticipatory posture toward the doctor (arms held out to be picked up) (E) withdrawal from both the doctor and the mother

(A) withdrawal from the doctor

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. Turns over. (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(B) 4-6 months

A mother brings her 4-month-old child to the pediatrician for a well-baby examination. Which of the following developmental signposts can the doctor expect to be present in this infant if the child is developing typically? (A) Stranger anxiety (B) Social smile (C) Rapprochement (D) Core gender identity (E) Phobias

(B) Social smile

The mother of a 3-year-old child tells the doctor that, although she instructs the child to sit still at the dinner table, the child cannot seem to do so for more than 10 minutes at a time. She squirms in her seat and gets out of her chair. The child's motor and verbal skills are appropriate or her age. Which of the following best fits this picture? (A) Separation anxiety disorder (B) Typical behavior (C) Delayed development (D) Lack of basic trust (E) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

(B) Typical behavior

A 4-year-old boy survives a house fire in which his father was killed. The child has no visible injuries and medical evaluation is unremarkable. Although he has been told that his father has died, in the weeks after the fire, the child continues to ask for his father. The best explanation or this boy's behavior is: (A) an acute reaction to severe stress (B) a typical reaction for his age (C) delayed development (D) refusal to believe the truth (E) an undiagnosed head injury

(B) a typical reaction for his age

The concerned parents of a 5-year-old child report that the child is still wetting the bed. The child is otherwise developing appropriately for his age and physical examination is unremarkable. The child's father was also a bed wetter until age 8 years. The most common cause of enuresis in a child of this age is: (A) emotional stress (B) physiological immaturity (C) sexual abuse (D) urinary tract infection (E) major depression

(B) physiological immaturity

While she previously slept in her own bed, after her parents' divorce, a 5-yearold girl begs to be allowed to sleep in her mother's bed every night. She says that a "robber" is under her bed. She continues to do well in kindergarten and to play with her friends. The best description o this girl's behavior is: (A) separation anxiety disorder (B) typical behavior with regression (C) delayed development (D) lack o basic trust (E) ADHD

(B) typical behavior with regression

A woman in the 7th month of pregnancy with her third child tells her physician she is worried that she will experience depression after the child is born. The most important thing for the doctor to say at this time is (A) "Do not worry, there are many effective medications for depression." (B) "Women often become more anxious toward the end of their pregnancy." (C) "Did you experience any emotional difficulties after the birth of your other children?" (D) "Do you want to start taking antidepressant medication now?" (E) "Most women who worry about depression never experience it." (F) "Some depression is common after childbirth."

(C) "Did you experience any emotional difficulties after the birth of your other children?"

The overall in ant mortality rate in the United States in 2010 was approximately: (A) 1 per 1,000 live births (B) 3 per 1,000 live births (C) 6 per 1,000 live births (D) 11 per 1,000 live births (E) 40 per 1,000 live births

(C) 6 per 1,000 live births

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. Responds to own name. (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(C) 7-11 months

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. Transfers toys from one hand to the other. (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(C) 7-11 months

In a major city hospital, the hearing of all newborns is evaluated shortly after birth. The major objective of this hearing loss screening is to: (A) determine the necessity of using cochlear implants before the age of 6 months (B) determine the necessity of speech therapy before the age of 1 year (C) diagnose and treat hearing loss early in order to prevent language development delay (D) diagnose and treat hearing loss early in order to prevent motor development delay (E) increase the cost-effectiveness of treatment for hearing loss

(C) diagnose and treat hearing loss early in order to prevent language development delay

Parents of a 13-month-old child tell the doctor that the child shows no interest in toilet training. They also relate that the child speaks about 10 words and has just started to walk unassisted. The doctor should: (A) tell the parents that the child's hearing should be checked as soon as possible (B) contact child protective services (C) reassure the parents that the child's behavior is typical for her age (D) refer the family to a pediatric gastroenterologist (E) evaluate the child or delayed motor development

(C) reassure the parents that the child's behavior is typical for her age

An American couple would like to adopt a 10-month-old Romanian child. However, they are concerned because the child has been in an orphanage since he was separated from his birth mother 5 months ago. The orphanage is clean and well kept but has a high staff turnover ratio. Which of the following characteristics is the couple most likely to see in the child at this time? (A) Loud crying and protests at the loss of his mother (B) Increased responsiveness to adults (C) Typical development of motor skills (D) Reactive attachment disorder (E) Typical development of social skills

(D) Reactive attachment disorder

A 2-year-old girl who h as been in foster care since birth is very friendly and affectionate with strangers. She puts her arms out to them to be picked up and then "cuddles up" to them. The foster mother states that the child has "behavior problems" and then notes that she has never felt "close" to the child. The most likely explanation for this child's behavior toward strangers is: (A) typical behavior (B) Rett's disorder (C) reactive attachment disorder (D) disinhibited social engagement disorder (E) mild autism spectrum disorder

(D) disinhibited social engagement disorder

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. Feeds self with a spoon. (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(E) 16-30 months

For each developmental milestone, select the age at which it commonly first appears. When given a crayon, scribbles on paper (A) 0-3 months (B) 4-6 months (C) 7-11 months (D) 12-15 months (E) 16-30 months

(E) 16-30 months

The most important psychological task for a child between birth and 15 months is the development of: (A) the ability to think logically (B) speech (C) stranger anxiety (D) a conscience (E) an intimate attachment to the mother or primary caregiver

(E) an intimate attachment to the mother or primary caregiver

A well-trained, highly qualified obstetrician has a busy practice. Which of the following is most likely to be true about postpartum reactions in this doctor's patients? (A) Postpartum blues will occur in about 10% of the patients. (B) Major depression will occur in about 25% of the patients. (C) Brief psychotic disorder will occur in about 8% of the patients. (D) Brief psychotic disorder will usually last about 1 year. (E) Postpartum blues will usually last up to 2 weeks.

E) Postpartum blues will usually last up to 2 weeks.