Buddhism Test

In Sanskrit, Buddha means "________________________________________________."

"The Enlightened One" or "The Awakened One"

Around _________ BCE/BC. Buddha, 80, said, "Desire is the root of suffering. Everything is subject to _________________, to decay, to death, so do not become ___________________ to anything; instead clear your mind and

483 Change Attached

______ largest world religion

4th

Approximately ___________________ adherents around the world, mostly in India, Sri Lanka, China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, SE Asia.

500 million

Prince Siddhartha Gautama was born around _________ BCE/BC, son of King Sudhodana and Queen Maya, in northern India, in what is today ___________.

563 Nepal

For ____ years, he wandered with 5 other _________________, lived in caves, slept under the stars, studying and meditating with holy sages, but he still didn't find the truth of human existence.

6 Ascetics

White (Prayer Flag

Air or Clouds

saint-like being who has achieved enlightenment

Arhat

In the town of Bodhgaya, he sat down under a _________________, a fig tree by the _______________ River and decided he wouldn't leave until he had found complete and perfect fulfillment.

Bodhi Tree Ganges

saint-like Buddha-to-be who chooses to stay, be reincarnated and teach others the way to Nirvana. His Holiness the ________________________, exiled leader of Tibetan Buddhism, is believed to be the fourteenth reincarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara.

Bodhisattva Dalai Lama

Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism rejects the _____________ system

Caste

He preached "The Middle Way," the "Four Noble Truths," and the "Noble Eightfold Path" that were open to all regardless of _________ or _______________,

Caste Gender

Then he saw a group of mourners carrying a ________________________ wrapped in white.

Dead man

Buddha preached his First Sermon at ____________________

Deer park

Yellow (Prayer Flag

Earth

Queen Maya had a dream in which a white _____________________ descended from the sky, touched her side with its tusk, and she was filled with light. A Hindu swami interpreted it to mean that their special baby boy would either be a _________________ or a great ______________________.

Elephant King Holy man

There he accepted a meal of rice and milk from a little girl, understanding he needed to reject the _____________________ of indulgence and asceticism, but practice "___________________ ____________________________" because a healthy spiritual life requires a healthy physical life.

Extremes The middle way (moderation)

Red (Prayer Flag

Fire

Finally he met a __________________/religious ascetic, a man who chose to lead a life of solitude and self-denial in search of a greater wisdom.

Holy man

Originated in __________ over 2,500 years ago as an offshoot of ________________.

India Hinduism

Like Hinduism, Buddhism believes in ___________________ (every action has an effect) and _____________________ (reincarnation).

Karma Samsara

Prayer beads

Malas

colorful, detailed sand art used to enhance meditation which is a means of finding out what lies beyond our thoughts.

Mandalas

prayerful chants said to possess sacred powers

Mantras

Buddhists believe prayerful silence is crucial to understand the cause of suffering. It clears the mind of ______________________________________________ which keeps us on the wheel of samsara/birth and rebirth. Being free from wanting, wishing, desiring is called cessation of suffering. To live this way is the goal of all Buddhists.

Meditation Tanya/desires/selfishness

This famous episode is called the "_________________________________" where he realized the _________________________________________, the essence of the human condition and _________________________________________, the means of transcending it!

Night watch The Four Noble Truths The Noble Eightfold Path

Buddhism has no god.

Nontheistic

On this first trip he saw an __________________, saddened and bent with age.

Old Man

Buddhist sacred text containing the wisdom of the Buddha, written in Pali, the language of the uneducated...again, different from Hinduism because it appealed to _all social classes.

Pali canon

Tool to help focus on prayer

Prayer wheel

He was tempted to leave his body and pass eternally from ___________________ into __________________ (state of mind--eternal bliss/salvation) but chose to remain, share his discoveries and help others reach Nirvana too.

Samara Nirvana

For 45 years, Buddha and his followers spread his message all over India, forming ________________ or spiritual communities/monasteries of ordinary people as well as Buddhist monks and nuns from all walks of life

Sanghas

He joined men who believed by mastering pain and starvation one could find enlightenment, but this extreme ______________________ didn't work either as 35-year-old Siddhartha was near __________ and yet no closer to ____________________________.

Self denial Death Enlightenment

On a second trip outside, he saw a _______________________, coughing and pale, realizing now anyone could fall ill.

Sick man

Founded by ______________________________________________, later known as ________________.

Siddhartha Gautama The Buddha

Legend of Siddhartha's unique birth has it he was born out of his mother's __________ and his first words were, "This is my last ____________!"

Side Birth

Blue (Prayer Flag)

Sky or Space

Siddhartha grew up a ______________ prince and lived an easy life

Spoiled

Buddhists worship at home or in temples called ________________ or _________________. Their _________ includes chanting to show love for Buddha and offerings of flowers, candles, incense, etc. They meditate and read from their sacred text. ___________________________________ Ceremony involves pouring water over the shoulders of Buddha statue as a reminder to purify our own minds from greed, hatred and ignorance.

Stupas or pagodas Puja Bathing the Buddha

selfishness/desire

Tanha

No self, Impermanence, and Suffering

The 3 marks of existence

At the age of 29, he began his spiritual journey, known as "_____________________________________________________."

The Greatest Going Fourth

rejection of the extremes of asceticism and indulgence.

The Middle Way

Restless at 29, he ventured outside the palace for the first time. Siddhartha explored his town of Lumbini, and what he saw would be called "_________________________________________________________."

The four passing sights

Green (Prayer Flag

Water