Bus Innovation chapter 1

The task force on Management of Technology listed five specific reasons why individuals and organizations should be concerned about the management of technology. Which of these is NOT one of the five reasons provided? The rapid pace of technological change demands a cross discipline approach. The rapid pace of technology development and the increasing sophistication of consumers have shortened the product life cycle. The need for increasing production times. Increasing international competition. As technology changes, the tools of management must change.

The need for increasing production times.

The management of innovation requires firms to encourage risk-taking. True False

True

The management of technology involves a much broader scope of continuation and nurturing of existing technology than does innovation. True False

True

When fostering the correct environment for innovation, one thing a manager should do is separate funds for innovation. True False

True

Alan Greenspan believes history will show that the later half of the 1990s was: a time of greed. a time in which hedge funds should have been regulated. a time when technology failed United States business. a pivotal time when technology developed previously was finally allowed to be utilized effectively. a pivotal time when international currency exchange was solidified.

a pivotal time when technology developed previously was finally allowed to be utilized effectively.

Technology can be broadly defined as: a process whereby new and improved products, processes, materials, and services are developed and transferred to a new plant or market where they are appropriate. all the knowledge, products, processes, tools, methods, and systems employed in the creation of goods or in providing services. a coordinated set of actions that fulfill the firm's objectives, purposes, and goals. the systematic gathering of information that leads to the generation of feasible alternatives for the firm. the elements of planning, implementation, and evaluation and control.

all the knowledge, products, processes, tools, methods, and systems employed in the creation of goods or in providing services.

RFID: allows firms to track goods from production through their being sold. allows stores to have their own background music in the store. allows the tracking of two of the most dangerous chemicals in an industrial setting. provides communication between widely spread employees on an immediate basis. tracks employees as they do their daily work if they work outside an office setting.

allows firms to track goods from production through their being sold.

It can be expected that the theory and methods of managing technology and innovation learned from the text are: applicable only in the United States. applicable only in the United States and Canada. applicable only in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. applicable only in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and parts of Europe. applicable around the world.

applicable around the world.

The effect of technology is typically seen as _____. flat negative cascading same limited

cascading

The goal of management of technology and innovation in an organization should always be to: create new technology that is groundbreaking. expand the number of employees in R&D. create value for the firm. be efficient. maximize this quarter's profits.

create value for the firm.

To promote proactive approaches to the management of technology and innovation, managers should do all of the following except: designate clear technology leaders. assess objectively where their firm is on the technology curve. set realistic priorities. focus their search and assessment processes only on the largest units in the firm. understand what the tasks are and how they are connected.

focus their search and assessment processes only on the largest units in the firm.

The National Cash Register Company almost failed in 1960 because it: focused on developing the digital calculator. focused on expanding its lead in mechanical calculators. moved into credit card technology. moved its production to Brazil. spent excessively on R&D.

focused on expanding its lead in mechanical calculators.

The annual level of spending on new technology by business in the 1990s: increased by 10% per year. decreased by 10% per year. increased by 4% per year. increased by 20% per year. increased by 5% per year.

increased by 10% per year.

Technology's impact: is ongoing. occurs in small very distinct steps. occurs in large shifts over time. is not significant. is limited unless combined with money.

is ongoing.

The commitment of top management to innovation requires the recognition of the following realities except: management of technology encompasses the management of innovation. it requires the fostering of an environment where innovative thought and work are encouraged. it involves the protection of the firm's current strategic position in order to maximize prior investment in technology. it involves leading a firm from existing processes and products to something that is better and more valuable. it is proactive and encourages creativity and risk taking.

it involves the protection of the firm's current strategic position in order to maximize prior investment in technology.

All of the following are characteristics that enhance the initiative that sparks innovation except: asking questions to identify problems and opportunities. learning new skills. taking risks. being proactive. managing innovation.

managing innovation.

Technology's impact is: only in particular business units. significant only for certain people in the organization. occurs only outside the business organization since it is so pervasive. organization-wide. effects societies, not businesses.

organization-wide.

All of the following are elements of strategic management except: return on investment. implementation. planning. evaluation. control.

return on investment.

The four individual characteristics that enhance innovation include all of the following except: asking questions. learning new skills. technological training. taking risks and being proactive. aligning personal beliefs with organization goals.

technological training.

Technology pushes society when: innovations make unwanted changes in society that are unfortunate such as pollution. innovations push the government to make new regulations in order to control the activity. new technology strains the social fabric of the society to the breaking point. technology is not demanded by society, but once available it is quickly adopted by society. technology is demanded by society and it leads to changes in the society.

technology is not demanded by society, but once available it is quickly adopted by society.

Evaluation and control of technology is: the checking to be sure the technology works. ensuring the technology meets the specifications of the manual. commonly ignored. the monitoring to ensure technology meets goals and desired outcomes. typically outsourced to ensure proper operation.

the monitoring to ensure technology meets goals and desired outcomes.

Normative institutions are concerned with: the laws in a country. the norms of professions and industries. the progress of technology at a normal pace. the ability to obtain the insights of average consumers. the banking industry.

the norms of professions and industries.

Innovation can be defined as: the process whereby new and improved products, processes, materials, and services are developed and transferred to a new plant or market where they are appropriate. all the knowledge, products, processes, tools, methods, and systems employed in the creation of goods or providing services. a coordinated set of actions that fulfill the firm's objectives, purposes, and goals. the systematic gathering of information that leads to the generation of feasible alternatives for the firm. the elements of planning, implementation, and evaluation and control.

the process whereby new and improved products, processes, materials, and services are developed and transferred to a new plant

In the early part of this century, there was a decline in technology spending due to: tighter control over spending. less technology being employed. positive growth on spending. hiring more employees. the use of cell phones in the workplace.

tighter control over spending.

Without the tools of management, the benefits of technology and innovation cannot be fully realized. True False

true

There are several definitions of technology in the text; all the definitions have some common elements. Each definition implies:​ ​a systematic approach to the desired outcome. ​that change is an outcome. ​that change occurs rapidly. ​that changes in technology occur at random. ​both "a systematic approach to the desired outcome" and "change is an outcome."

​both "a systematic approach to the desired outcome" and "change is an outcome."

Management of technology is defined as the linking of different disciplines to:​ ​plan, develop, implement, monitor, and control technological capabilities. ​make sure that the technology works. ​find the most efficient technology. ​find the most economical technology. ​control the use of technology.

​plan, develop, implement, monitor, and control technological capabilities.

It was found in the state of Washington that in technology-based industries each job in turn supports an average of _____ jobs while the state average is _____ jobs per employee in all other industries. 3.55; 1.01 3.55; 5.05 3.55; 2.86 0.25; 2.86 1.39; 2.86

3.55; 2.86

It was found in the state of Washington that labor income in technology-based industries was ____ percent more than the state's average. 5 14 27 63 87

87

What "significant leap" for society did Dean Kamen accomplish with technology? JIT distribution A stand-up wheelchair A cell phone A silicon chip None of these choices

A stand-up wheelchair

Who developed the idea and product called the iBOT Mobility System? Dean Wheelwright Dean Karoub Dean Kamen Dean Kenneth Dean Witter

Dean Kamen

Linking of different disciplines to plan, develop, implement, monitor, and control technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the strategic objectives of an organization is the definition of technology. True False

False

Delbecq's and Mills' characteristics of a firm that manages innovation well does NOT include which of the following? Sets of realistic expectations Separate funds for innovation Clear direction on studies to be done and follow-ups that are expected Periodic review of informal proposals by a group outside of line management Internal focus so boundary spanning does not distract from firm's focus

Internal focus so boundary spanning does not distract from firm's focus