Byu Government FINAL
In which system of government (parliamentary or American) is it hardest to obtain party unity and, hence, party support, to make governmental decisions?
American system
Imagine that you are an adviser to the president. He wants to know which type of government would allow the most diversity in public policy across the various regions in Iraq. Which of the following will you recommend?
Confederation
Which of the following documents outlines the purpose of government to protect the social rights of its citizens, chiefly among these rights are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?
Declaration of Independence
Which case found that former slaves did not have the same legal rights as citizens?
Dred Scott v Sandford
Despite your desire to live an exemplary life, you find yourself as a defendant in federal court. Which of the following courts is most likely to be the location of your initial trial?
Federal District Court
Dual "Layer Cake"
Federal and state governments are distinct and separate spheres
In which of the following political systems do people have the least economic freedom, social welfare, and human rights?
Feudalism
Which president lost political support for a time as a result of his court packing scheme, an obvious attempt to control the judicial branch?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Who was the first president to regularly appeal directly to the American public by broadcasting his own voice?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Which of the following is true of executive orders?
Executive orders are part of the "executive power" granted to the president.
Who refused to be made king over the United States after the Revolutionary War, though many Americans wanted to anoint him as their king?
George Washington
Which of the following media channels has done the most to "democratize" the news, that is, make it easier for more people to both produce and obtain the news?
Internet
In which of the following media sources do citizens have the greatest chance to participate?
Internet and Web sites
Which of the following has potential of a two-way communication or an interactive way of receiving up to date news?
Internet news sites
Which of the following most accurately describes the Bill of Rights?
It is a list of individual rights guaranteed to each citizen.
How can the principle of federalism promote the protection of civil rights in the American federal system?
It provides both state and national governments with the ability to protect citizens from abuses of power by the other.
What does a writ of habeas corpus do?
It requires an explanation to the Court why a citizen is being held.
Which of the following political thinkers' most famous and influential work is a thin volume titled simply The Prince, where he justified popular sovereignty, revolution, and a separation of religious and secular government?
Machiavelli
Which of the following cases has had the most enduring impact on the separation of powers?
Marbury v. Madison
You are a person who feels that the most important constitutional principles are the separation of powers and checks and balances. Which of the following cases would you most appreciate?
Marbury v. Madison
Which case required police officers to inform people of their right to an attorney when they are arrested?
Miranda v. Arizona
Who was considered to be the inventor of philosophy?
Plato
How does the Constitution divide power between the three branches?
Power is not completely separated, allowing each branch to limit the other branches' exercise of power.
Who owns the news media in our country today?
Private corporations
What does the tenth amendment protect?
Reserved Powers of the State
Which of the following cases best shows where the Supreme Court ruled where public interest was threatened by an individual's religious practice and the individual's religious liberty was deemed less important than the preservation of societal order.
Reynolds v. United States, in which a Mormon argued that prohibiting polygamy violated free exercise rights
If you lived in the 1640s and wanted to live in a colony that protected freedom of religion, where would you move?
Rhode Island
What does the 9th amendment protect?
Rights retained by the people
Some democratic movements have "short-circuited" because the preconditions for democracy were not met after the collapse of communism. Which country in particular experienced such a short circuit, which caused a period of economic depression that continues today?
Russia
If you wanted to make an argument defending state power, which amendment to the Constitution would you quote to make your case?
Tenth
Theodore Roosevelt said that the president's greatest power is access to the "bully pulpit." Which of the following describes the term "bully pulpit?"
The ability to have an audience to convince the public to support their policy preferences.
Congress has the power to "coin Money [and] regulate the Value thereof" (see Article I, Section 8). What is this power an example of?
an express power
Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution calls for an actual enumeration of the nation's population. What is this generally interpreted as?
an individual count of the U.S. population
A group in your community starts a petition to change a government policy in the area. If the group collects enough signatures, what will result?
an initiative
Which of the following would be considered free media?
appearances on local TV news political advertising
Which of the following tools would be most effective in helping an interest group set the public policy agenda to increase defense spending?
conducting a media campaign to inform citizens and politicians
Which of the following governmental systems would encourage the most people to participate in the political system?
confederation
In country D, one person, such as Adolph Hitler, holds all of the political power. What type of government would country D be?
dictatorship
What is the most significant and persistent challenge faced by state local governments?
finances and taxes
Which of the following best describes the term pluralism?
freedom of association, expression, assembly, and religious exercise to pursue their own interests in the political process.
Presidents can be removed from office due to what?
high crimes and misdemeanors
Which of the following mechanisms comes closest to a full realization of direct democracy?
initiative
Which of the following terms best describes a scenario where citizens are allowed to put questions on the ballot to add or change state laws?
initiatives
In country C, several powerful economic leaders collectively hold political power. What type of government would country C be?
oligarchy
How many U.S. senators are up for re-election every two years?
one third
How has the definition of newsworthy changed over time?
The media has become more relaxed about reporting information about the personal behavior of political leaders.
The Founders established a republican form of government. Why did they do this?
They believed elected officials could represent citizens and could be kept in check through elections.
How did the Founders ensure that the political representatives would reflect public opinion?
They provided for regularly scheduled elections so voters could pass judgment on their representatives.
Why are the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth so important?
They were changes in civil rights as influenced by civic and political groups produced by civil society.
Which of the following statements is not true of newspapers printed during the founding era in the United States?
They were impartial and shared all points of view as providers of information.
What is a federal system in which power is clearly divided between the national and regional governments best described as?
dual federalism or "layer cake" federalism
Using a hypothetical situation, a case comes before the Supreme Court challenging a state law of limiting how many children a married couple could have. How would a judge vote using a "loose interpretation" approach?
They would vote to overturn the ban.
The practice of paying teachers who teach secular subjects at private religious schools has been rejected by the Supreme Court as a violation of the Establishment Clause. It violates which of the following tenets of the Lemon test?
excessive government entanglement
Which of the following best describes separation of powers?
executive, legislative, and judicial branches
In Country X, powers are shared between the state and national government, meaning states can make policy in some areas and the national government in other areas. What is Country X?
a federal system
There are four different types of government agencies. You are pushing to create a new one with autonomy and an expectation to raise money. Which type of agency would you try to create?
a government corporation
Where did the phrase separation of church and state originate or where was it first used?
a letter written by Thomas Jefferson
Which of the following would not be eligible to be a U.S. Citizen by birth?
a person born in the United States as the child of a foreign diplomat
In consideration of reciprocity, which of the following examples is a reasonable limitation on one's rights and freedoms as discussed in the lesson?
a person not being allowed to build a campfire in the forest simply because there is a high chance of forest fires.
What is the term given to a law that is written and passed in the legislature but given final approval by the voters?
a referendum
What is a civil society?
a society in which social groups form freely to petition government
In which of the following societies is the reciprocity of rights and obligations most necessary?
a society of hundreds of millions living in cities
According to the lesson, which of the following is one of the most common and practical definitions of a political party?
a team of political office seekers
Affirmative action is mainly for employment purposes.
false
Which of the following media is likely to have the most impact on public opinion?
television coverage of war
What is the main factor that leads the press to give little attention to serious public policy discussion?
the fact that citizens don't want to listen to such information
What was the outcome of Roosevelt's court packing plan?
the limits on presidential power caused by the separation of powers
Which of the following was not a factor that helped print journalism flourish in the mid 1800s?
the rising price of postage
How many electoral votes does each state have?
the same number as the sum of its United States senators and representatives
How many presidents have been impeached in the history of the United States?
three
What was the purpose of the Fourteenth Amendment?
to provide "equal protection under the law" for all American citizens, including former slaves.
What does the lesson say is perhaps the most complex form of human interaction?
politics
If a person was not read their "Miranda rights," confessed to the police, and was eventually convicted of the crime based upon their confession, what part of due process would be violated?
protection against self-incrimination
What defines the success of a campaign?
securing more votes than the other candidates in the race and winning the election
Which of the following best reflects the Founders views on self-interest and virtue?
self-interest was beneficial to the economy, but citizens of the republic needed to develop "civic virtue."
The "invisible hand" of the free market discussed by Adam Smith refers to which of the following?
selfishness
Which of the following governments is most autonomous, meaning they make public policy without oversight or interference from other levels of government?
state governments
The creation of local governments are organized and established by what term?
state legislatures or legisative home rules
Which of the following examples best illustrates how state and local governments can serve as laboratories of democracy?
state welfare policy, wherein the national government adopted the welfare system used in Wisconsin
Affirmative action was intended by Lyndon Johnson to ensure that applicants are employed and treated without regard to race, creed, color, or nationality.
true
The "strict scrutiny" standard invalidated certain affirmative action policies whose focus was not narrow enough.
true
The case of President Clinton and his relationship with Monica Lewinsky is an example of immunity in regard to the Fifth Amendment rights. T or F
true
When do bills typically come to the floor for debate in the Senate?
when the majority and minority leaders agree to bring them to the floor
Which case required states to end segregation with "all due haste"?
Brown II
You are a census worker and are asked by your neighbor, "What is the most important reason for a census to be taken every ten years?" How do you respond?
"A census is needed to find how many citizens reside in each state, which determine the number of representatives and that would allow election district boundaries to be drawn."
Which of the following is not one of the three types of government outlined by Montesquieu?
"Democracy"
Some voters identify themselves as Independent but also admit to leaning toward the Republican Party. How is such a voter likely to vote?
"Leaners" are just as likely to vote Republican as those who identify themselves as Republicans.
To keep our elected officials in check with the citizens they represent, frequent elections are held? According to the text, how long is the term for a member in the House of Representative before they face re-election?
2 years
What is the fewest number of electoral college votes a state can have and why?
3 - One for its member in the House (population) and two, one for each of their Senators.
What are the percentages of religious affiliations in the United States?
80% Christian; 90% religious believers; 10% no religious belief; with Catholics as the largest single religious group.
Which of the following is true concerning elections for the presidency in the United States
A candidate can win the popular vote, but lose the election.
What is civic dialogue?
A group deciding something is good and it establishes expectations, customs, and ideals as a part of what society values.
Which of the following is true of political parties in the United States today?
A party's main function is to elect people to public office.
Tyrannical governments are least likely to form from which of the following types of conflicts?
A strong leader promises that, under his rule, economic prosperity will enhance the quality of life and national power of the nation.
Which of the following is true concerning the process of becoming a U.S. citizen?
A test is given to determine language skill and civic knowledge.
You are a Supreme Court justice. A case before you challenges the constitutionality of affirmative action programs for African Americans. You believe the programs are constitutional and that they deserve "strict scrutiny." Which case would you use as a precedent to support your point of view?
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña
You are writing a speech for school about the need for citizens to participate in their political system. Who would you quote as the earliest proponent of this notion?
Aristotle
A Civil Rights group has decided to hold a public meeting to discuss recent prejudicial acts. Some members of the group are concerned they will be arrested for participating in the meeting, especially if the meeting becomes heated. They know that previous meetings on this issue have ended in arguments and, occasionally, with violence. Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court's history in the area of assembly?
Assembly cases are given more scrutiny when public safety is a concern.
The Rehnquist Court
Associated with its judicial restraint and conservativism.
The Warren Court
Associated with judicial activism because of its far-reaching decisions that were not always directly connected to the immediate case.
Which case overturned the Court's previous decision that separate institutions for blacks and whites can be "equal?"
Brown v. Board of Education
overturned the Court's decision made in Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education
Which of the following is most likely to create far-reaching national public policy change?
By joining a large group and march for civil rights
In the lesson, which of the following is emphasized as the most important tool available to help individuals become effective participants in the political process?
By receiving accurate and timely information
What are the secretaries of federal government departments collectively called?
Cabinet
Which of the following people is ready to become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
Candidate #1, who has been a permanent resident for the specified period of time, speaks English and understands civics basics, has never been convicted of illegal activity, and is willing to take the Oath of Allegiance.
Which of the following correctly describes the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
Cases can originate in the Supreme Court, but most of their cases come on appeal from lower state and federal courts.
According to the author, what did the Founders believe was essential for the American government to succeed?
Civic Virtue from its citizens
What is another term for "command economy"?
Communist economy
Which of the following best describes the establishment clause?
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.
What falls under the 6th amendment?
Criminal court, procedure
What falls under the 8th amendment?
Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between the American and British political systems?
Decision making power is more divided in the British system. The Prime Pinister is selected from the party in control while the president is elected.
The turmoil in post-Hussein Iraq illustrates what about the forces that sustain democracy?
Democratic government cannot function effectively if disagreeing factions fight with each other instead of trusting political leaders to resolve their disagreements.
Which of the following statements about the newspapers read by our Founding Fathers is true?
Early newspapers were biased in that they took a particular political position.
Which of the following correctly describes where economic rights are written in the United States?
Economic rights are not specifically enumerated in the Constitution or the Bill of Rights.
The practice of drawing districts that favor a politician's own party and which are detrimental to the other party originated with and is named after which politician?
Elbridge Gerry
What can be concluded from this lesson about religion in the United States?
Even though there are many different denominations, people tend to be both tolerant of and grateful for those differences.
What is "free media," as described in this lesson?
Events covered by the media but the content and story are not controlled by a political candidate
Which amendment leaves several important questions unanswered regarding the media and what they have the right to do?
First
The concept of "glasnost" most resembles the American principles contained in which amendment?
First Amendment
Which amendment guarantees freedom of the press?
First Amendment
Which part of the Bill of Rights protects the freedom of association?
First Amendment
What is a statement that Hobbes and Locke would both agree on?
Government is necessary to protect life and property.
What falls under the fifth amendment?
Grand Juries, Self-incrimination, Double Jeopardy, Due Process, Eminent Domain
Which of the following is true of the American system versus a parliamentary system of government?
In the American system, it is easier to block legislation.
Which of the following is true about recall elections in the U.S.?
If voters decide that an elected official is not performing as the expected, they can "recall" the individual.
Citizens in Country A do not have the right to assemble. How would life there be different from the United States?
In Country A, democracy would not function as well because like minded individuals would be less likely to form any type of group..
If you were to read about a country whose government allows their president to declare war on another country, and individually coin money to fight the war without the consent of any other government official. Which of the following would best describe this system as compared with the government in the United States?
In the United States the president can neither declare nor fund a war without the vote of Congress.
Which of the following most accurately describes the Supreme Court's position on limiting expression covered under the First Amendment?
Individuals can challenge if they believe the government's action violates the First Amendment.
The phrase "the right to swing my fist ends where the other man's nose" exemplifies which of the following principles?
Individuals have rights, but also have obligations to others in society.
Which of the following is necessary for a public opinion poll to accurately represent the population?
Interview a random sample of the population.
Cooperative "Marble" Cake
Interwoven and interdependent federal and state governments
How did the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (2002) change campaign finance in the United States?
It banned unlimited contributions to political parties.
Which is true of divided party government?
It has been increasing since World War II.
The election of 1800 exposed which of the following problems in the presidential electoral system?
It is not wise to make the top vote-getter the president and the second place finisher the vice president
Congress passes a law preventing individuals from engaging in particular forms of speech or expression because it is afraid the things they say or express MIGHT turn out to be illegal. Why would the Supreme Court find such a law unconstitutional?
It places a prior restraint on the expression.
What is the major advantage of campaign advertising?
It presents the candidate exactly as he/she wishes.
What is the importance of the "millionaire's amendment," which is part of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act?
It supports equality of contributions among candidates' campaign.
How did Alexis de Tocqueville describe the 1830s in America?
It was a time when Americans worked together for the common good of others
Which of the following is true of the Bill of Rights?
It was included in the Constitution as a concession to the Anti-federalists who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
What is so unique about the Republican Party in the United States?
It was the first "third party" to become a major party.
Why did the Framers believe a free press was important to democracy?
It would inform the public and they played a crucial role in popular governance.
The expansionist policies of what country—which had led successful military campaigns in China, Korea, and other countries—were ended in World War II?
Japan
Judge A uses a strict textual interpretation approach to constitutional interpretation. Judge B uses a "loose interpretation" approach. Which one believes that the Constitution is a "living" document?
Judge B only
If the Electoral College did not exist and presidents campaigned with the goal of maximizing their portion of the popular vote, which of the following would occur?
Large states would be visited more than small states.
A state brings a case to the Supreme Court arguing the Federal Government has overstepped its constitutional bounds. Which of the following cases would describe this scenario?
McCulloch v. Maryland
Which of the following cases began the expansion of federal powers over state powers?
McCulloch v. Maryland
Which of the following elected officials could have the most influence on the selection of a Supreme Court justice?
Members of the Senate would have the most influence.
The notion that a nation can enhance its power by enriching itself through world trade is a key tenet of which form of government?
Mercantilism
What does civilian control of the military mean?
Military leaders do not have any independent authority, but are the servants of the elected representatives of the people.
What falls under the 2nd amendment?
Militia and Right to Bear Arms
According to Adam Smith's notion of the invisible hand, which of the following is the best way to enhance national wealth?
National wealth is best achieved by everyone seeking his or her own self-interest.
What was considered the first major opportunity for citizens to voice their views via the mass media?
Newspapers
Your friend complains to you about the partisan and biased nature of the media. Which of the following information could you share with him to help improve his outlook?
Partisanship in the media was much worse just after the country was founded.
According to Tocqueville, Civic virtue means simply that individuals have interests and desires that are not solely focused on themselves. Rather, they are willing to give up some of the things they want in order to promote the common good. What did he mean by this?
People should help one another because the welfare of others affects individual welfare
According to Hobbes, what would life be like without limits on an individual's behavior or if living in a state of nature?
Perilous (dangerous)
asserted that separate institutions could be equal
Plessy v. Ferguson
Which pope pushed for reform in Poland in a nonconfrontational, nonviolent way?
Pope John Paul II
Which of the following is true concerning the current state of the war power?
Presidents can commit troops but must obtain congressional approval to keep them "in harm's way."
Which of the following best describes health care delivery in a socialist economy?
Prices are set by government; individuals pay higher taxes in return for government funded insurance/health care.
What were the "Fireside chats"?
Radio speeches by Franklin D. Roosevelt designed to reassure and inform by appealing directly to the American public
Which of the following presidents best fits the title lame duck?
Reagan, who served from 1981-1989
declared that a white student had been unfairly denied admission to medical school because affirmative action policies
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Which of the following is true of religion at the time of the founding of America?
Religion was important to many people, so much so that many states had established churches.
What is protected under the first amendment?
Religion, speech, assembly, politics
Which of the following best describes the role of religion in modern day America?
Religious belief is widespread, but most Americans are tolerant of others with different beliefs.
When a random representative sample is drawn from a population, the procedure is deemed to be what type of sample?
Scientific Sampling
Permissive
States only have rights as granted by the federal government
New
States receive greater responsibility and funding for programs
Who has the authority to review constitutionality of presidential activities?
Supreme Court
The rise of cable television has decreased the power and audience of which group?
TV network news
Two hundred and seventy Electoral College votes are needed to win the presidency. What would happen if the Republican candidate won 245 votes, the Democrat won 265 votes, and a third candidate won the remaining votes?
The House of Representative would decide.
Which of the following is the three part test the Supreme Court uses to determine if government involvement in religion has become an establishment?
The Lemon Test.
Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court's role in the legislative process?
The Supreme Court can declare legislation unconstitutional after it is passed.
What happens after the Congress passes a bill and the president signs it into law?
The Supreme Court can still review it and strike it down if it is inconsistent with the limitations, structures, or principles established by the Constitution.
Why are there eleven amendments discussed in reference to the Bill of Rights during this lesson?
The Twenty-seventh Amendment was proposed by Madison at the time the Bill of Rights was created.
A law that forbids bands from playing in concerts when there is evidence that the band has previously engaged in illegal forms of expression is put in force. How is this not consistent with the guarantees in the First Amendment?
The law imposes prior restraint.
A law makes it illegal to burn Bibles, but not other books, in public parks. How is this not consistent with the guarantees in the First Amendment?
The law is not content neutral and gives one book precedence over another.
A law bans the sale of wooden poles and nails to prevent people from building crosses which they might burn on peoples lawns. How is this not consistent with the guarantees in the First Amendment?
The law is not the least drastic means available.
A law that prohibits indecent material on the Internet is put into force. How is this not consistent with the guarantees in the First Amendment?
The law is too vague.
Which of the following is true of bills in the legislative process?
They are harder to pass than to kill.
What change in presidential elections was made by the Twelfth Amendment?
The president and vice president ran as a team, not individually.
After studying and reading examples about liberty and order consider the following: After the terrorist attack on September 11, President Bush and Congress passed the PATRIOT Act, which expanded the power of law enforcement to secretly investigate potential terrorists. What does this suggest?
The president believed Americans had too much liberty and too little security.
Which of the following IS NOT an example of checks and balances in the United States Constitution?
The president can veto a Supreme Court decision, but only with the support of a two-thirds majority vote in Congress
Which of the following is correct concerning the relationship between the press and politicians?
The press and politicians generally have an adversarial relationship, each having different goals.
With which of the following distributions of wealth would Karl Marx be most dissatisfied?
The richest 20 percent has 50 percent of the wealth. The middle 60 percent has 30 percent of the wealth. The poorest 20 percent has 20 percent of the wealth.
According to the lesson, who is given the responsibility to draw congressional and state legislative districts?
The state legislature
Which of the following is true about the case of McCulloch v. Maryland and the conflict between the state and federal government?
The state sued the national government based on the claims that the national government had overstepped its bounds by creating the bank and the states could tax it.
Which of the following accurately describes the way the United States House and Senate are organized?
There are 100 members in the Senate and 435 in the House.
For the separation of powers or Three Branches of Government to work in practice, what item(s) are needed?
The use of checks and balances.
What is the natural number of political parties in the American political system?
There are naturally two major political parties.
What do the efforts of Lech Walesa and Solidarity in Poland demonstrate?
There is power in large numbers of people joined together in a common cause.
Why did tyranny arise in Nigeria?
They have been plagued by economic turmoil, ethnic tensions, and rampant corruption.
Which individual did not win the majority of electoral votes in the general election but was chosen by the House to become president of the U.S.?
Thomas Jefferson
Which of the following is covered by the Constitutional guarantee of due process?
Those who are accused of crimes will have a fair trial.
What falls under the 7th amendment?
Trial and jury
Rhode Island became the first colony established that did not have an established religion. T or F
True
Bills must be passed in identical form by both the Senate and the House before being sent to the president. Under what circumstances does this most frequently occur?
Two versions of the bill are run through the House and Senate simultaneously and a special House-Senate conference committee is established to create a compromise version of the bill.
What is required for the proposal of a new amendment?
Two-thirds of Congress must agree to propose, or two-thirds of all state legislatures can call a constitutional convention
Who establishes the white house budget?
US Congress
Great Britain is a unitary system of government. The U.S. is a federal system of government. The European Union is a confederation. In which of these governments will policy be made the fastest?
Unitary
The President of the United States will recommend a name to be on the Supreme Court, but which branch has to approve the appointment?
United States Senate
What are two examples of the checks and balances the Executive Branch has on Congress and the Judicial Branch?
Veto power, nominates judges
How does the author recommend you minimize media bias?
Watch multiple sources of news to get multiple viewpoints.
Which of the following examples best illustrates how state and local governments can serve as "laboratories of democracy"?
Welfare policy, wherein the national government adopted the welfare system used in Wisconsin.
At what point do Lobbyists stop being involved in the policy making process?
When a policy is implemented
When is a form of media considered obscene?
When most average citizens do not find it appropriate
What was the central issue in the Case of Marbury v. Madison?
Who would decide what roles and responsibilities the Supreme Court had
Which of the following news stories would Thomas Patterson most likely find out of order or that he would oppose during an election campaign?
a Washington sex scandal
declared that a defendant must have a competent attorney to receive due process of law
a. Gideon v. Wainwright
In country A, one person holds all of the political power.
a. dictatorship
Which media activity will afford a politician the greatest control over the content of the message received by citizens? an appearance at a presidential news conference an appearance on Fox News an appearance on David Letterman an appearance in a campaign advertisement
an appearance in a campaign advertisement
In country E, several powerful economic leaders collectively hold political power.
b. oligarchy
In country D, a religious leader or leaders holds political power.
c. theocracy
What are the documents that establish the structures and functions of city governments called?
charters
Which of the following is a formal role, not one of the informal roles assumed by presidents when they are elected?
chief diplomat
Through various organizations, citizens can contribute to their communities and to the broader political system through civic-minded service and participation. Which of the following groups did the most to promote participation during the Civil Rights Movement?
churches
There is a narcotics agent who regularly gets information from a reliable informant. The information the informant has given the agent in the past has led to several arrests and convictions. One day, the informant tells the agent about a man, whom the agent has never met, who has gone to another city to purchase 20 kilograms of cocaine. Based on the tip, the agent goes to the airport, recognizes the man from the informant's description, arrests him, and seizes the cocaine. What is this action considered
constitutional because there was "probable cause" to search the man
The Supreme Court strives to protect freedom of speech and expression. As such, it is worried about creating "chilling effects"; The violation of which of the following is least likely to produce "chilling effects"
content neutrality
What is the main purpose of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution?
create greater equality for African Americans
In country C, one person holds political power due to family inheritance.
d. monarchy
In country B, citizens are allowed to vote on who will be their representative.
democratic republic
The Constitution defines some limits on the powers of states. Which of the following state actions are permitted by the Constitution?
determining the details of public education
Constitutionally, the president is quite powerful. However, many obstacles limit the power of the president. Which of the following is a significant limit on presidential power?
divided-party control of the national government
Which of the following would Tocqueville most likely endorse?
encouraging civic groups to help the poor
The Fourteenth Amendment is violated in cases where policies or programs favor one group over another (for example, favoring men over women or vice versa). T or F
false
What does the Civil Rights Act of 1964 deal with?
forbids discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, and national origin
What is the least common way to adapt the Constitution to modern needs?
formal constitutional amendment
Search and Seizure amendment
forth
If you do not have much money to run a political campaign, yet live in a large media market, which of the following would you employ most?
free media
Which of the following is "not" a characteristic that an applicant for U.S. citizenship must demonstrate?
have a relative who currently lives in the United States
Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for presidential eligibility?
having at least ten years of prior political experience
Judge X has served on the Supreme Court for ten years and wants to continue service. Which of the following correctly describes this judge's options for staying on the Supreme Court?
his judge can serve until death, unless impeached, or steps down.
Where was the term "affirmative action" first used?
in an executive order
Local governments have the greatest control over which type of public policy?
law enforcement
Classical republicanism is principally concerned with ____________ while classical liberalism is concerned with _______________.
liberty; order
What does the Constitution forbid states from?
making treaties with foreign governments
The ownership of news outlets in the U.S. has changed over time. Which of the following correctly represents who owns and operates major media outlet today?
media owned by large corporations
In country B, one person holds political power due to family inheritance. What type of government would country B be?
monarchy
According to George Washington in his farewell speech, he mentioned two areas important to political prosperity. One was religion, what was the second important ingredient that was indispensable for the success of the nation?
morality
Which type of federalism would Abraham Lincoln most likely advocate, considering his Civil War experience and his belief that no state had the right to leave the Union?
permissive
Which of the following describes the potential of groups in America that affords virtually everyone the opportunity to participate and influence the nation's politics, economy, and culture?
pluralism
Interest groups often conduct media campaigns to get citizens and politicians to see the urgency of a problem. What is this activity known as?
policy making agenda setting
If you were a campaign manager for a person running for Congress in a major city, where would you spend most of your money?
political advertisements
Who appoints supreme court justices?
president
Which events are listed in the correct order?
primary election, party candidate announced, general election, Electoral College votes, new president announced
You are interested in fully understanding how your local public schools are funded. Which of the following local taxes will be most important to understand?
property taxes
Which of the following is the most commonly used route for adopting amendments to the U.S. Constitution?
proposed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress and ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures
What does the 3rd amendment protect?
quartering of solidiers
Which of the following is one of the most important functions of political parties in the United States?
recruiting and supporting candidates to run for office under the party's banner
A law is passed limiting the free speech rights of high school students. A group of teachers brings a case before the Supreme Court, challenging the law on the grounds that it violates the students First Amendment rights. What is the Supreme Court most likely to do in this case?
refuse to hear the case because the individuals bringing the case before it do not have standing or "injury in fact," i.e., that they have been harmed in some real way.
In Federalist 10, James Madison describes our form of government where political ideas or current issues are enlarged or refined "by passing them through the medium of a chosen body of citizens whose wisdom may best discern the true interest of their country." What term is best used to describe our government?
representative republic
As discussed in the chapter, what term is used to describe each branch of government's separate and distinct sphere of power?
separation of powers
A prominent political scientist famously described American government as separate institutions sharing powers; Which two constitutional principles are embodied in this statement?
separation of powers and checks and balances
What is the time limit on ratification of amendments?
seven years
You are fighting to get Congress and the Supreme Court to agree that there is a right to travel. Which part of the constitution would be your best support?
the Ninth Amendment
What are the major political parties in the United States of America today?
the Republican and Democratic Parties
If a country has a political system where some decisions are made in local legislatures and others are made in the national legislature. Whose government would this most likely be compared to?
the U.S. system of government created in Philadelphia
Which individual or organization has primary constitutional authority to establish and develop relations with other nations
the president of the United States
In country F, a religious leader or leaders holds political power. What type of government would country F be?
theocracy
What was the purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment?
to abolish slavery
What was the purpose of the Fifteenth Amendment?
to guarantee all citizens the right to vote
Which of the following is not a power shared by federal, state, and local governments?
waging war against other nations
Who was legally allowed to vote at the time the Constitution was ratified
white men who owned property
Voting is an excellent way for the public to become involved in civic dialogue. Which of the following described ways citizens can become involved?
writing letters, contributing to campaigns, or running for office.
