Cardiac Output (A&P2)

What are the two factors that cause cardiac output to increase during exercise?

increased heart rate and increased stroke volume

The result of subtracting end systolic volume from end diastolic volume is called

stroke volume (SV)

Write the equation for cardiac output.

CO=HR x SV

How could a slower heart rate increase stroke volume?

a slower heart rate increases ventricular filling time, which increases end diastolic volume, this increases preload, which increases stroke volume.

The product of heart rate times stroke volume is called

cardiac output (CO)

The autonomic nervous system can increase heart rate through what two mechanisms?

decreased parasympathetic stimulation of the SA node and increased sympathetic stimulation of the SA node

Define end diastolic volume (EDV).

end diastolic volume (EDV) is the volume of blood in one ventricle at the end of diastole.

While running, your heart's stroke volume can increase by what two mechanisms?

increased preload due to increased venous return and increased contractility due to increased sympathetic activity

How does parasympathetic stimulation decrease cardiac output?

parasympathetic stimulation decreases cardiac output by decreasing heart rate