CCNA 1 Chapter 3 Exam Q&A's
A web client is sending a request for a webpage to a web server. From the perspective of the client, what is the correct order of the protocol stack that is used to prepare the request for transmission?
HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet 1. HTTP governs the way that a web server and client interact. 2. TCP manages individual conversations between web servers and clients. 3. IP is responsible for delivery across the best path to the destination. 4. Ethernet takes the packet from IP and formats it for transmission.
Refer to the exhibit. HostA is attempting to contact ServerB. Which two statements correctly describe the addressing that HostA will generate in the process? (Choose two.)
1) A frame with the destination MAC address of RouterA. 2) A packet with the destination IP address of ServerB. In order to send data to ServerB, HostA will generate a packet that contains the IP address of the destination device on the remote network and a frame that contains the MAC address of the default gateway device on the local network.
What three application layer protocols are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite? (Choose three.)
1) DHCP 2) DNS 3) FTP DNS, DHCP, and FTP are all application layer protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite. ARP and PPP are network access layer protocols, and NAT is an internet layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite.
What is an advantage of network devices using open standard protocols?
A client host and a server running different operating systems can successfully exchange data. An advantage of network devices implementing open standard protocols, such as from the TCP/IP suite, is that clients and servers running different operating systems can communicate with each other. Open standard protocols facilitate innovation and competition between vendors and across markets, and can reduce the occurrence of monopolies in networking markets.
Match each description to its corresponding term. (Not all options are used.) Message encoding Message sizing Message Encapsulation
Message Encoding: the process of putting a sequence of characters (letters, numbers, punctuation, and certain symbols) into a specialized format for efficient transmission or storage. Message Sizing:
What is an advantage of using standards to develop and implement protocols?
Products from different manufacturers can interoperate successfully. Standards-based protocols enable products from different manufacturers to interoperate successfully. Standards-based protocols enable many manufacturers to implement that protocol. If different manufacturers implement different requirements within the same protocol, then their products will not be interoperable.
Which statement is true about the TCP/IP and OSI models?
The TCP/IP transport layer and OSI Layer 4 provide similar services and functions. The TCP/IP internet layer provides the same function as the OSI network layer. The transport layer of both the TCP/IP and OSI models provides the same function. The TCP/IP application layer includes the same functions as OSI Layers 5, 6, and 7.
Which characteristic describes the default gateway of a host computer?
The logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host computer The default gateway is the IP address of an interface on the router on the same network as the sending host.
Which statement is correct about network protocols?
They define how messages are exchanged between the source and the destination. Network protocols are implemented in hardware, or software, or both. They interact with each other within different layers of a protocol stack. Protocols have nothing to do with the installation of the network equipment. Network protocols are required to exchange information between source and destination devices in both local and remote networks.
Refer to the exhibit. If Host1 were to transfer a file to the server, what layers of the TCP/IP model would be used?
application, transport, Internet, and network access layers The TCP/IP model contains the application, transport, internet, and network access layers. A file transfer uses the FTP application layer protocol. The data would move from the application layer through all of the layers of the model and across the network to the file server.
What type of communication will send a message to all devices on a local area network?
broadcast Broadcast communication is a one-to-all communication. A unicast communication is a one-to-one communication. Multicast is a one-to-many communication where the message is delivered to a specific group of hosts. Allcast is not a standard term to describe message delivery.
Which address does a NIC use when deciding whether to accept a frame?
destination MAC address
What process is used to place one message inside another message for transfer from the source to the destination?
encapsulation Encapsulation is the process of placing one message format into another message format. An example is how a packet is placed in its entirety into the data field as it is encapsulated into a frame.
What method can be used by two computers to ensure that packets are not dropped because too much data is being sent too quickly?
flow control In order for two computers to be able to communicate effectively, there must be a mechanism that allows both the source and destination to set the timing of the transmission and receipt of data. Flow control allows for this by ensuring that data is not sent too fast for it to be received properly.
Which PDU format is used when bits are received from the network medium by the NIC of a host?
frame When received at the physical layer of a host, the bits are formatted into a frame at the data link layer. A packet is the PDU at the network layer. A segment is the PDU at the transport layer. A file is a data structure that may be used at the application layer.
At which layer of the OSI model would a logical address be added during encapsulation?
network layer Logical addresses, also known as IP addresses, are added at the network layer. Physical addresses are edded at the data link layer. Port addresses are added at the transport layer. No addresses are added at the physical layer.
What are proprietary protocols?
protocols developed by organizations who have control over their definition and operation Proprietary protocols have their definition and operation controlled by one company or vendor. Some of them can be used by different organizations with permission from the owner. The TCP/IP protocol suite is an open standard, not a proprietary protocol.
Which PDU is processed when a host computer is de-encapsulating a message at the transport layer of the TCP/IP model?
segment At the transport layer, a host computer will de-encapsulate a segment to reassemble data to an acceptable format by the application layer protocol of the TCP/IP model.
Which three layers of the OSI model are comparable in function to the application layer of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.)
1) Application 2) Presentation 3) Session The TCP/IP model consists of four layers: application, transport, internet, and network access. The OSI model consists of seven layers: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical. The top three layers of the OSI model: application, presentation, and session map to the application layer of the TCP/IP model.
What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?
The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks. When a host needs to send a message to another host located on the same network, it can forward the message directly. However, when a host needs to send a message to a remote network, it must use the router, also known as the default gateway. This is because the data link frame address of the remote destination host cannot be used directly. Instead, the IP packet has to be sent to the router (default gateway) and the router will forward the packet toward its destination. Therefore, if the default gateway is incorrectly configured, the host can communicate with other hosts on the same network, but not with hosts on remote networks.