CCNA 3 FINAL
Refer to the exhibit. A Layer 3 switch routes for three VLANs and connects to a router for Internet connectivity. Which two configurations would be applied to the switch? (Choose two.) (config)# interface fastethernet0/4(config-if)# switchport mode trunk (config)# interface vlan 1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0(config-if)# no shutdown (config)# ip routing (config)# interface gigabitethernet 1/1(config-if)# no switchport(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252 (config)# interface gigabitethernet1/1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
(config)# ip routing (config)# interface gigabitethernet 1/1(config-if)# no switchport(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
A company is deploying a wireless network in the distribution facility in a Boston suburb. The warehouse is quite large and it requires multiple access points to be used. Because some of the company devices still operate at 2.4GHz, the network administrator decides to deploy the 802.11g standard. Which channel assignments on the multiple access points will make sure that the wireless channels are not overlapping? channels 1, 6, and 11 channels 2, 6, and 10 channels 1, 5, and 9 channels 1, 7, and 13
1,6,11
Refer to the exhibit. What is the metric to forward a data packet with the IPv6 destination address 2001:DB8:ACAD:E:240:BFF:FED4:9DD2? 90 128 2170112 2681856 2682112 3193856
2682112 The IPv6 destination address 2001:DB8:ACAD:E:240:BFF:FED4:9DD2 belongs to the network of 2001:DB8:ACAD:E::/64. In the routing table, the route to forward the packet has Serial 0/0/1 as an exit interface and 2682112 as the cost.
Which three Wi-Fi standards operate in the 2.4GHz range of frequencies? (Choose three.) 802.11ac 802.11a 802.11n 802.11b 802.11g
802.11n 802.11b 802.11g
Refer to the exhibit. Which static route command can be entered on R1 to forward traffic to the LAN connected to R2?
IPv6 route 2001:db8:12:10::/64 s0/0/1 fe80::2
A network administrator of a small advertising company is configuring WLAN security by using the WPA2 PSK method. Which credential do office users need in order to connect their laptops to the WLAN? a key that matches the key on the AP a username and password configured on the AP a user passphrase the company username and password through Active Directory service
A user passphrase
On what switch ports should BPDU guard be enabled to enhance STP stability? only ports that are elected as designated ports only ports that attach to a neighboring switch all PortFast-enabled ports all trunk ports that are not root ports
All PortFast-enabled ports
A WLAN engineer deploys a WLC and five wireless APs using the CAPWAP protocol with the DTLS feature to secure the control plane of the network devices. While testing the wireless network, the WLAN engineer notices that data traffic is being exchanged between the WLC and the APs in plain-text and is not being encrypted. What is the most likely reason for this? DTLS only provides data security through authentication and does not provide encryption for data moving between a wireless LAN controller (WLC) and an access point (AP). Data encryption requires a DTLS license to be installed on each access point (AP) prior to being enabled on the wireless LAN controller (WLC). Although DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel, it is disabled by default for the data channel. DTLS is a protocol that only provides security between the access point (AP) and the wireless client.
Although DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel, it is disabled by default for the data channel. DTLS is a protocol which provides security between the AP and the WLC. It allows them to communicate using encryption and prevents eavesdropping or tampering. DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel but is disabled by default for the data channel. All CAPWAP management and control traffic exchanged between an AP and WLC is encrypted and secured by default to provide control plane privacy and prevent Man-In-the-Middle (MITM) attacks.
Which three statements accurately describe duplex and speed settings on Cisco 2960 switches? (Choose three.) By default, the speed is set to 100 Mb/s and the duplex mode is set to autonegotiation. An autonegotiation failure can result in connectivity issues. The duplex and speed settings of each switch port can be manually configured. When the speed is set to 1000 Mb/s, the switch ports will operate in full-duplex mode. By default, the autonegotiation feature is disabled. Enabling autonegotiation on a hub will prevent mismatched port speeds when connecting the hub to the switch.
An autonegotiation failure can result in connectivity issues. The duplex and speed settings of each switch port can be manually configured. When the speed is set to 1000 Mb/s, the switch ports will operate in full-duplex mode.
Refer to the exhibit. Based on the exhibited configuration and output, why is VLAN 99 missing? because there is a cabling problem on VLAN 99 because VLAN 1 is up and there can only be one management VLAN on the switch because VLAN 99 has not yet been created because VLAN 99 is not a valid management VLAN
Because VLAN 99 has not yet been created
A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.) * creating SVI interfaces creating VLANs installing a static route adjusting the route metric implementing a routing protocol modifying the default VLAN assigning ports to VLANs
Creating vlans implementing a routing protocol assinging ports to vans
An administrator is trying to remove configurations from a switch. After using the command erase startup-config and reloading the switch, the administrator finds that VLANs 10 and 100 still exist on the switch. Why were these VLANs not removed? These VLANs cannot be deleted unless the switch is in VTP client mode. These VLANs can only be removed from the switch by using the no vlan 10 and no vlan 100 commands. These VLANs are default VLANs that cannot be removed. Because these VLANs are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory, this file must be manually deleted.
Because these VLANs are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory, this file must be manually deleted. Standard range VLANs (1-1005) are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory. Erasing the startup configuration and reloading a switch does not automatically remove these VLANs. The vlan.dat file must be manually deleted from flash memory and then the switch must be reloaded
Refer to the exhibit. Router R1 has an OSPF neighbor relationship with the ISP router over the 192.168.0.32 network. The 192.168.0.36 network link should serve as a backup when the OSPF link goes down. The floating static route command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/1 100 was issued on R1 and now traffic is using the backup link even when the OSPF link is up and functioning. Which change should be made to the static route command so that traffic will only use the OSPF link when it is up? Change the administrative distance to 120. Change the administrative distance to 1. Add the next hop neighbor address of 192.168.0.36. Change the destination network to 192.168.0.34.
Change the administrative distance to 120. The problem with the current floating static route is that the administrative distance is set too low. The administrative distance will need to be higher than that of OSPF, which is 110, so that the router will only use the OSPF link when it is up.
A junior technician was adding a route to a LAN router. A traceroute to a device on the new network revealed a wrong path and unreachable status. What should be done or checked? Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. Create a floating static route to that network. Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD. Check the configuration of the exit interface on the new static route.
Check the configuration of the exit interface on the new static route.
An administrator notices that large numbers of packets are being dropped on one of the branch routers. What should be done or checked? Create extra static routes to the same location with an AD of 1. Check the routing table for a missing static route. Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet. Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.
Check the routing table for a missing static route
What is a secure configuration option for remote access to a network device? Configure SSH. Configure 802.1x. Configure an ACL and apply it to the VTY lines. Configure Telnet.
Configure SSH
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator configures both switches as displayed. However, host C is unable to ping host D and host E is unable to ping host F. What action should the administrator take to enable this communication? Associate hosts A and B with VLAN 10 instead of VLAN 1. Configure either trunk port in the dynamic desirable mode. Add the switchport nonegotiate command to the configuration of SW2. Include a router in the topology. Remove the native VLAN from the trunk.
Configure either trunk port in the dynamic desirable mode
A technician is troubleshooting a slow WLAN and decides to use the split-the-traffic approach. Which two parameters would have to be configured to do this? (Choose two.) Configure the 2.4 GHz band for basic internet traffic that is not time sensitive. Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for both networks. Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for one network and WPA2 Personal AES for the other network Configure a common SSID for both split networks. Configure the 5 GHz band for streaming multimedia and time sensitive traffic.
Configure the 2.4 ghz band for basic internet traffic that is not time sensitive Configure the 5 ghz band for streaming multimedia and time sensitive traffic
A new switch is to be added to an existing network in a remote office. The network administrator does not want the technicians in the remote office to be able to add new VLANs to the switch, but the switch should receive VLAN updates from the VTP domain. Which two steps must be performed to configure VTP on the new switch to meet these conditions? (Choose two.) Configure the existing VTP domain name on the new switch. Configure all ports of both switches to access mode. Enable VTP pruning. Configure an IP address on the new switch. Configure the new switch as a VTP client.
Configure the existing VTP domain name on the new switch Configure the new switch as a VTP client
A network administrator is using the router-on-a-stick model to configure a switch and a router for inter-VLAN routing. What configuration should be made on the switch port that connects to the router? Configure the port as a trunk port and assign it to VLAN1. Configure it as a trunk port and allow only untagged traffic. Configure the port as an 802.1q trunk port. Configure the port as an access port and a member of VLAN1.
Configure the port as an 802.1q trunk port. The port on the switch that connects to the router interface should be configured as a trunk port. Once it becomes a trunk port, it does not belong to any particular VLAN and will forward traffic from various VLANs.
A network administrator is adding a new WLAN on a Cisco 3500 series WLC. Which tab should the administrator use to create a new VLAN interface to be used for the new WLAN? WLANs CONTROLLER WIRELESS MANAGEMENT
Controller
A technician is configuring a router for a small company with multiple WLANs and doesn't need the complexity of a dynamic routing protocol. What should be done or checked? Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD. Create a floating static route to that network. Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet.
Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet.
What network attack seeks to create a DoS for clients by preventing them from being able to obtain a DHCP lease? CAM table attack IP address spoofing DHCP spoofing DHCP starvation
DHCP starvation DCHP starvation attacks are launched by an attacker with the intent to create a DoS for DHCP clients. To accomplish this goal, the attacker uses a tool that sends many DHCPDISCOVER messages in order to lease the entire pool of available IP addresses, thus denying them to legitimate hosts.
What protocol should be disabled to help mitigate VLAN attacks? STP CDP DTP ARP
DTP
Select the three PAgP channel establishment modes. (Choose three.) active passive desirable on auto blocking
Desirable on auto
Which three pairs of trunking modes will establish a functional trunk link between two Cisco switches? (Choose three.) access - trunk dynamic auto - dynamic auto dynamic desirable - dynamic desirable dynamic desirable - dynamic auto dynamic desirable - trunk access - dynamic auto
Dynamic desirable-dynamic desirable dynamic desirable-dynamic auto dynamic desirable-trunk
What protocol or technology uses source IP to destination IP as a load-balancing mechanism? EtherChannel VTP STP DTP
EtherChannel
How will a router handle static routing differently if Cisco Express Forwarding is disabled? Serial point-to-point interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies. It will not perform recursive lookups. Static routes that use an exit interface will be unnecessary. Ethernet multiaccess interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies.
Ethernet multiaccess interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies.
What is the IPv6 prefix that is used for link-local addresses? FE80::/10 FF01::/8 FC00::/7 2001::/3
FE80::/10
Refer to the exhibit. All the displayed switches are Cisco 2960 switches with the same default priority and operating at the same bandwidth. Which three ports will be STP designated ports? fa0/21 fa0/10 fa0/13 fa0/9 fa0/20 fa0/11
Fa0/21 fa0/10 fa0/13
Which type of static route is configured with a greater administrative distance to provide a backup route to a route learned from a dynamic routing protocol? standard static route default static route floating static route summary static route
Floating static route There are four basic types of static routes. Floating static routes are backup routes that are placed into the routing table if a primary route is lost. A summary static route aggregates several routes into one, reducing the of the routing table. Standard static routes are manually entered routes into the routing table. Default static routes create a gateway of last resort.
Refer to the exhibit. What will router R1 do with a packet that has a destination IPv6 address of 2001:db8:cafe:5::1? forward the packet out GigabitEthernet0/0 forward the packet out Serial0/0/0 forward the packet out GigabitEthernet0/1 drop the packet
ForwRd the packet out Serial0/0/0 The route ::/0 is the compressed form of the 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/0 default route. The default route is used if a more specific route is not found in the routing table.
Which statement is correct about how a Layer 2 switch determines how to forward frames? Only frames with a broadcast destination address are forwarded out all active switch ports. Frame forwarding decisions are based on MAC address and port mappings in the CAM table. Cut-through frame forwarding ensures that invalid frames are always dropped. Unicast frames are always forwarded regardless of the destination MAC address.
Frame forwarding decisions are based on MAC address and port mappings in the CAM table Cut-through frame forwarding reads up to only the first 22 bytes of a frame, which excludes the frame check sequence and thus invalid frames may be forwarded. In addition to broadcast frames, frames with a destination MAC address that is not in the CAM are also flooded out all active ports. Unicast frames are not always forwarded. Received frames with a destination MAC address that is associated with the switch port on which it is received are not forwarded because the destination exists on the network segment connected to that port.
What protocol or technology uses a standby router to assume packet-forwarding responsibility if the active router fails? HSRP EtherChannel VTP DTP
HSRP
Refer to the exhibit. Which three hosts will receive ARP requests from host A, assuming that port Fa0/4 on both switches is configured to carry traffic for multiple VLANs? (Choose three.) host F host B host D host G host C host E
Host f host d host c ARP requests are sent out as broadcasts. That means the ARP request is sent only throughout a specific VLAN. VLAN 1 hosts will only hear ARP requests from hosts on VLAN 1. VLAN 2 hosts will only hear ARP requests from hosts on VLAN 2.
A network administrator is configuring a new Cisco switch for remote management access. Which three items must be configured on the switch for the task? (Choose three.) IP address default gateway default VLAN vty lines VTP domain loopback address
IP address default gateway vty lines To enable the remote management access, the Cisco switch must be configured with an IP address and a default gateway. In addition, vty lines must configured to enable either Telnet or SSH connections. A loopback address, default VLAN, and VTP domain configurations are not necessary for the purpose of remote switch management.
Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is configuring IPv6 routing on the network. Which command issued on router HQ will configure a default route to the Internet to forward packets to an IPv6 destination network that is not listed in the routing table? ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/1/1 ipv6 route ::1/0 serial 0/1/1 ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/0/0 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/1/1
IPv6 route ::/0 serial 0/1/1
Which two statements are characteristics of routed ports on a multilayer switch? (Choose two.) In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers. They are used for point-to-multipoint links. They are not associated with a particular VLAN. They support subinterfaces, like interfaces on the Cisco IOS routers. The interface vlan <vlan number> command has to be entered to create a VLAN on routed ports.
In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers. They are not associated with a particular VLAN.
Refer to the exhibit. Currently router R1 uses an EIGRP route learned from Branch2 to reach the 10.10.0.0/16 network. Which floating static route would create a backup route to the 10.10.0.0/16 network in the event that the link between R1 and Branch2 goes down? ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 Serial 0/0/0 100 ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.226 100 ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.225 100 ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.225 50
In route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.255 100 A floating static route needs to have an administrative distance that is greater than the administrative distance of the active route in the routing table. Router R1 is using an EIGRP route which has an administrative distance of 90 to reach the 10.10.0.0/16 network. To be a backup route the floating static route must have an administrative distance greater than 90 and have a next hop address corresponding to the serial interface IP address of Branch1.
What else is required when configuring an IPv6 static route using a next-hop link-local address? ** network number and subnet mask on the interface of the neighbor router ip address of the neighbor router interface number and type administrative distance
Interface number and type
Which option shows a correctly configured IPv4 default static route? ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 ip route 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 S0/0/0 ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/0/0 ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 S0/0/0
Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0 The static route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is considered a default static route and will match all destination networks
What is the effect of entering the switchport mode access configuration command on a switch? It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface. It disables an unused port. It manually enables a trunk link. It enables BPDU guard on a specific port.
It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface.
What is the effect of entering the shutdown configuration command on a switch? It disables an unused port. It enables portfast on a specific switch interface. It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface. It enables BPDU guard on a specific port
It disables an unused port
What is the effect of entering the ip arp inspection vlan 10 configuration command on a switch? It enables DHCP snooping globally on a switch. It specifies the maximum number of L2 addresses allowed on a port. It enables DAI on specific switch interfaces previously configured with DHCP snooping. It globally enables BPDU guard on all PortFast-enabled ports.
It enables DAI on specific switch interfaces previously configured with DHCP snooping
What is the effect of entering the switchport port-security configuration command on a switch? It enables port security globally on the switch. It dynamically learns the L2 address and copies it to the running configuration. It restricts the number of discovery messages, per second, to be received on the interface. It enables port security on an interface.
It enables port security globally on the switch.
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring inter-VLAN routing on a network. For now, only one VLAN is being used, but more will be added soon. What is the missing parameter that is shown as the highlighted question mark in the graphic? It identifies the number of hosts that are allowed on the interface. It identifies the type of encapsulation that is used. It identifies the subinterface. It identifies the native VLAN number. It identifies the VLAN number.
It identifies the VLAN number. The completed command would be encapsulation dot1q 7 . The encapsulation dot1q part of the command enables trunking and identifies the type of trunking to use. The 7 identifies the VLAN number.
What action does a DHCPv4 client take if it receives more than one DHCPOFFER from multiple DHCP servers? It sends a DHCPREQUEST that identifies which lease offer the client is accepting. It sends a DHCPNAK and begins the DHCP process over again. It accepts both DHCPOFFER messages and sends a DHCPACK. It discards both offers and sends a new DHCPDISCOVER.
It sends a DHCPREQUEST that identifies which lease offer the client is accepting.
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is reviewing the configuration of switch S1. Which protocol has been implemented to group multiple physical ports into one logical link? DTP LACP PAgP STP
PAgP
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring the router R1 for IPv6 address assignment. Based on the partial configuration, which IPv6 global unicast address assignment scheme does the administrator intend to implement? manual configuration stateful stateless SLAAC
State full
Why is DHCP snooping required when using the Dynamic ARP Inspection feature? It uses the MAC address table to verify the default gateway IP address. It redirects ARP requests to the DHCP server for verification. It relies on the settings of trusted and untrusted ports set by DHCP snooping. It uses the MAC-address-to-IP-address binding database to validate an ARP packet.
It uses the MAC-address-to-IP-address binding database to validate an ARP packet. DAI relies on DHCP snooping. DHCP snooping listens to DHCP message exchanges and builds a bindings database of valid tuples (MAC address, IP address, VLAN interface). When DAI is enabled, the switch drops ARP packet if the sender MAC address and sender IP address do not match an entry in the DHCP snooping bindings database. However, it can be overcome through static mappings. Static mappings are useful when hosts configure static IP addresses, DHCP snooping cannot be run, or other switches in the network do not run dynamic ARP inspection. A static mapping associates an IP address to a MAC address on a VLAN.DAI relies on DHCP snooping. DHCP snooping listens to DHCP message exchanges and builds a bindings database of valid tuples (MAC address, IP address, VLAN interface). When DAI is enabled, the switch drops ARP packet if the sender MAC address and sender IP address do not match an entry in the DHCP snooping bindings database. However, it can be overcome through static mappings. Static mappings are useful when hosts configure static IP addresses, DHCP snooping cannot be run, or other switches in the network do not run dynamic ARP inspection. A static mapping associates an IP address to a MAC address on a VLAN.
A network administrator is preparing the implementation of Rapid PVST+ on a production network. How are the Rapid PVST+ link types determined on the switch interfaces? Link types can only be determined if PortFast has been configured. Link types can only be configured on access ports configured with a single VLAN. Link types are determined automatically. Link types must be configured with specific port configuration commands.
Link types are determined automatically. When Rapid PVST+ is being implemented, link types are automatically determined but can be specified manually. Link types can be either point-to-point, shared, or edge.
Refer to the exhibit. Which destination MAC address is used when frames are sent from the workstation to the default gateway? MAC address of the virtual router MAC addresses of both the forwarding and standby routers MAC address of the standby router MAC address of the forwarding router
MAC address of the virtual router The IP address of the virtual router acts as the default gateway for all the workstations. Therefore, the MAC address that is returned by the Address Resolution Protocol to the workstation will be in the MAC address of the virtual router.
A cybersecurity analyst is using the macof tool to evaluate configurations of switches deployed in the backbone network of an organization. Which type of LAN attack is the analyst targeting during this evaluation? VLAN double-tagging MAC address table overflow VLAN hopping DHCP spoofing
MAC address table overflow
Refer to the exhibit. In addition to static routes directing traffic to networks 10.10.0.0/16 and 10.20.0.0/16, Router HQ is also configured with the following command: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/1/1 What is the purpose of this command? Packets from the 10.10.0.0/16 network will be forwarded to network 10.20.0.0/16, and packets from the 10.20.0.0/16 network will be forwarded to network 10.10.0.0/16. Packets that are received from the Internet will be forwarded to one of the LANs connected to R1 or R2. Packets with a destination network that is not 10.10.0.0/16 or is not 10.20.0.0/16 or is not a directly connected network will be forwarded to the Internet. Packets that are destined for networks that are not in the routing table of HQ will be dropped.
Packets with a destination network that is not 10.10.0.0/16 or is not 10.20.0.0/16 or is not a directly connected network will be forwarded to the Internet.
A network administrator uses the spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default global configuration command to enable BPDU guard on a switch. However, BPDU guard is not activated on all access ports. What is the cause of the issue? PortFast is not configured on all access ports. Access ports belong to different VLANs. BPDU guard needs to be activated in the interface configuration command mode. Access ports configured with root guard cannot be configured with BPDU guard.
PortFast is not configured on all access ports.
A PC has sent an RS message to an IPv6 router attached to the same network. Which two pieces of information will the router send to the client? (Choose two.) prefix domain name subnet mask in dotted decimal notation administrative distance DNS server IP address prefix length
Prefix prefix length Router is part of the IPv6 all-routers group and received the RS message. It generates an RA containing the local network prefix and prefix length (e.g., 2001:db8:acad:1::/64)
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded about the configuration shown on R1? R1 is configured as a DHCPv4 relay agent. R1 will send a message to a local DHCPv4 client to contact a DHCPv4 server at 10.10.10.8. R1 will broadcast DHCPv4 requests on behalf of local DHCPv4 clients. R1 is operating as a DHCPv4 server.
R1 is configured as a DHCPV4 relay agent
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has added a new subnet to the network and needs hosts on that subnet to receive IPv4 addresses from the DHCPv4 server.What two commands will allow hosts on the new subnet to receive addresses from the DHCP4 server? (Choose two.) R2(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250 R1(config)# interface G0/1 R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250 R1(config)# interface G0/0 R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.1.0.254 R2(config)# interface G0/0
R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250 R1(config)# interface G0/0
Which command will create a static route on R2 in order to reach PC B? R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.254 R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1 R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1 R2(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.254
R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1 The correct syntax is: router(config)# ip route destination-network destination-mask {next-hop-ip-address | exit-interface} If the local exit interface instead of the next-hop IP address is used then the route will be displayed as a directly connected route instead of a static route in the routing table. Because the network to be reached is 172.16.2.0 and the next-hop IP address is 172.16.3.1, the command is R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1
Refer to the exhibit. After attempting to enter the configuration that is shown in router RTA, an administrator receives an error and users on VLAN 20 report that they are unable to reach users on VLAN 30. What is causing the problem? The no shutdown command should have been issued on Fa0/0.20 and Fa0/0.30. There is no address on Fa0/0 to use as a default gateway. Dot1q does not support subinterfaces. RTA is using the same subnet for VLAN 20 and VLAN 30
RTA is using the same subnet for VLAN 20 and VLAN 30.
A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no longer exists. What should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing table? Remove the route using the no ip route command. Change the administrative distance for that route. Nothing. The static route will go away on its own. Change the routing metric for that route.
Remove the route using the no ip route command.
A network administrator configures the port security feature on a switch. The security policy specifies that each access port should allow up to two MAC addresses. When the maximum number of MAC addresses is reached, a frame with the unknown source MAC address is dropped and a notification is sent to the syslog server. Which security violation mode should be configured for each access port? warning restrict shutdown Protect
Restrict
Which network attack is mitigated by enabling BPDU guard? rogue switches on a network rogue DHCP servers on a network MAC address spoofing CAM table overflow attacks
Rouge switches on a network There are several recommended STP stability mechanisms to help mitigate STP manipulation attacks:
Refer to the exhibit. Which route was configured as a static route to a specific network using the next-hop address? S 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.16.2.2 S 10.17.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C 10.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 S 10.17.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.16.2.2
S 10.17.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.16.2.2 The C in a routing table indicates an interface that is up and has an IP address assigned. The S in a routing table signifies that a route was installed using the ip route command. Two of the routing table entries shown are static routes to a specific destination (the 10.17.2.0 network). The entry that has the S denoting a static route and [1/0] was configured using the next-hop address. The other entry (S 10.17.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0) is a static route configured using the exit interface. The entry with the 0.0.0.0 route is a default static route which is used to send packets to any destination network that is not specifically listed in the routing table
Which method of IPv6 prefix assignment relies on the prefix contained in RA messages? EUI-64 stateful DHCPv6 static SLAAC
SLAAC
What protocol or technology allows data to transmit over redundant switch links? STP VTP EtherChannel DTP
STP
What protocol or technology disables redundant paths to eliminate Layer 2 loops? EtherChannel DTP STP VTP
STP
Which two types of spanning tree protocols can cause suboptimal traffic flows because they assume only one spanning-tree instance for the entire bridged network? (Choose two.) STP Rapid PVST+ MSTP PVST+ RSTP
STP RSTP
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has connected two switches together using EtherChannel technology. If STP is running, what will be the end result? The switches will load balance and utilize both EtherChannels to forward packets. Both port channels will shutdown. The resulting loop will create a broadcast storm. STP will block one of the redundant links.
STP will block one of the redundant links. Cisco switches support two protocols for negotiating a channel between two switches: LACP and PAgP. PAgP is Cisco-proprietary. In the topology shown, the switches are connected to each other using redundant links. By default, STP is enabled on switch devices. STP will block redundant links to prevent loops.
Refer to the exhibit. How is a frame sent from PCA forwarded to PCC if the MAC address table on switch SW1 is empty? SW1 forwards the frame directly to SW2. SW2 floods the frame to all ports connected to SW2, excluding the port through which the frame entered the switch. SW1 floods the frame on all ports on the switch, excluding the interconnected port to switch SW2 and the port through which the frame entered the switch. SW1 drops the frame because it does not know the destination MAC address. SW1 floods the frame on all ports on SW1, excluding the port through which the frame entered the switch.
SW1 floods the frame on all ports on SW1, excluding the port through which the frame entered the switch. When a switch powers on, the MAC address table is empty. The switch builds the MAC address table by examining the source MAC address of incoming frames. The switch forwards based on the destination MAC address found in the frame header. If a switch has no entries in the MAC address table or if the destination MAC address is not in the switch table, the switch will forward the frame out all ports except the port that brought the frame into the switch.
Which three steps should be taken before moving a Cisco switch to a new VTP management domain? (Choose three.) Reset the VTP counters to allow the switch to synchronize with the other switches in the domain. Download the VTP database from the VTP server in the new domain. Select the correct VTP mode and version. Reboot the switch. Configure the VTP server in the domain to recognize the BID of the new switch. Configure the switch with the name of the new management domain.
Select the correct VTP mode and version reboot switch configure the switch with the name of the new management domain When adding a new switch to a VTP domain, it is critical to configure the switch with a new domain name, the correct VTP mode, VTP version number, and password. A switch with a higher revision number can propagate invalid VLANs and erase valid VLANs thus preventing connectivity for multiple devices on the valid VLANs.
What are three techniques for mitigating VLAN attacks? (Choose three.) Enable BPDU guard. Set the native VLAN to an unused VLAN. Use private VLANs. Disable DTP. Enable Source Guard. Enable trunking manually.
Set the native VLAN to an unused VLAN disable DTP enable trunking manually Mitigating a VLAN attack can be done by disabling Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP), manually setting ports to trunking mode, and by setting the native VLAN of trunk links to VLANs not in use.
Refer to the exhibit. Host A has sent a packet to host B. What will be the source MAC and IP addresses on the packet when it arrives at host B? Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799Source IP: 10.1.1.10 Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799Source IP: 10.1.1.1 Source MAC: 00E0.FE10.17A3Source IP: 10.1.1.10 Source MAC: 00E0.FE10.17A3Source IP: 192.168.1.1 Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799Source IP: 192.168.1.1
Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799Source IP: 10.1.1.10 As a packet traverses the network, the Layer 2 addresses will change at every hop as the packet is de-encapsulated and re-encapsulated, but the Layer 3 addresses will remain the same.
A company security policy requires that all MAC addressing be dynamically learned and added to both the MAC address table and the running configuration on each switch. Which port security configuration will accomplish this? auto secure MAC addresses dynamic secure MAC addresses static secure MAC addresses sticky secure MAC addresses
Sticky secure MAC addresses With sticky secure MAC addressing, the MAC addresses can be either dynamically learned or manually configured and then stored in the address table and added to the running configuration file. In contrast, dynamic secure MAC addressing provides for dynamically learned MAC addressing that is stored only in the address table.
Which two protocols are used to provide server-based AAA authentication? (Choose two.) TACACS+ RADIUS SNMP 802.1x SSH
TACACS+ RADIUS
A network engineer is troubleshooting a newly deployed wireless network that is using the latest 802.11 standards. When users access high bandwidth services such as streaming video, the wireless network performance is poor. To improve performance the network engineer decides to configure a 5 Ghz frequency band SSID and train users to use that SSID for streaming media services. Why might this solution improve the wireless network performance for that type of service? The 5 GHz band has more channels and is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band, which makes it more suited to streaming multimedia. The only users that can switch to the 5 GHz band will be those with the latest wireless NICs, which will reduce usage. Requiring the users to switch to the 5 GHz band for streaming media is inconvenient and will result in fewer users accessing these services. The 5 GHz band has a greater range and is therefore likely to be interference-free.
The 5 GHz band has more channels and is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band, which makes it more suited to streaming multimedia. Wireless range is determined by the access point antenna and output power, not the frequency band that is used. In this scenario it is stated that all users have wireless NICs that comply with the latest standard, and so all can access the 5 GHz band. Although some users may find it inconvenient to switch to the 5 Ghz band to access streaming services, it is the greater number of channels, not just fewer users, that will improve network performance.
Refer to the exhibit. If the IP addresses of the default gateway router and the DNS server are correct, what is the configuration problem? The default-router and dns-server commands need to be configured with subnet masks. The DNS server and the default gateway router should be in the same subnet. The IP address of the DNS server is not contained in the excluded address list. The IP address of the default gateway router is not contained in the excluded address list.
The IP address of the default gateway router is not contained in the excluded address list. In this configuration, the excluded address list should include the address that is assigned to the default gateway router. So the command should be ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.9.
What two default wireless router settings can affect network security? The SSID is broadcast. MAC address filtering is enabled. WEP encryption is enabled. The wireless channel is automatically selected. A well-known administrator password is set.
The SSID is broadcast a well-known administrator password is set Default settings on wireless routers often include broadcasting the SSID and using a well-known administrative password. Both of these pose a security risk to wireless networks. WEP encryption and MAC address filtering are not set by default. The automatic selection of the wireless channel poses no security risks.
Which statement describes a result after multiple Cisco LAN switches are interconnected? There is one broadcast domain and one collision domain per switch. The broadcast domain expands to all switches. One collision domain exists per switch. Frame collisions increase on the segments connecting the switches.
The broadcast domain expands to all switches. In Cisco LAN switches, the microsegmentation makes it possible for each port to represent a separate segment and thus each switch port represents a separate collision domain. This fact will not change when multiple switches are interconnected. However, LAN switches do not filter broadcast frames. A broadcast frame is flooded to all ports. Interconnected switches form one big broadcast domain.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is configuring the port security feature on switch SWC. The administrator issued the command show port-security interface fa 0/2 to verify the configuration. What can be concluded from the output that is shown? (Choose three.) The port is configured as a trunk link. This port is currently up. The switch port mode for this interface is access mode. Three security violations have been detected on this interface. There is no device currently connected to this port. Security violations will cause this port to shut down immediately.
There is no device currently connected to this port. Security violations will cause this port to shut down immediately. This port is currently up.
After a host has generated an IPv6 address by using the DHCPv6 or SLAAC process, how does the host verify that the address is unique and therefore usable? The host checks the local neighbor cache for the learned address and if the address is not cached, it it considered unique. The host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation message to the DHCP or SLAAC-learned address and if no neighbor advertisement is returned, the address is considered unique. The host sends an ICMPv6 echo request message to the DHCPv6 or SLAAC-learned address and if no reply is returned, the address is considered unique. The host sends an ARP broadcast to the local link and if no hosts send a reply, the address is considered unique.
The host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation message to the DHCP or SLAAC-learned address and if no neighbor advertisement is returned, the address is considered unique. Before a host can actually configure and use an IPv6 address learned through SLAAC or DHCP, the host must verify that no other host is already using that address. To verify that the address is indeed unique, the host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation to the address. If no neighbor advertisement is returned, the host considers the address to be unique and configures it on the interface.
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is attempting to install an IPv6 static route on router R1 to reach the network attached to router R2. After the static route command is entered, connectivity to the network is still failing. What error has been made in the static route configuration? The interface is incorrect. The next hop address is incorrect. The network prefix is incorrect. The destination network is incorrect.
The interface is incorrect In this example the interface in the static route is incorrect. The interface should be the exit interface on R1, which is s0/0/0.
Refer to the exhibit. R1 has been configured as shown. However, PC1 is not able to receive an IPv4 address. What is the problem? R1 is not configured as a DHCPv4 server. A DHCP server must be installed on the same LAN as the host that is receiving the IP address. The ip helper-address command was applied on the wrong interface. The ip address dhcp command was not issued on the interface Gi0/1.
The ip helper-address command was applied on the wrong interface. The ip helper-address command has to be applied on interface Gi0/0. This command must be present on the interface of the LAN that contains the DHCPv4 client PC1 and must be directed to the correct DHCPv4 server.
Refer to the exhibit. Which two conclusions can be drawn from the output? The port channel ID is 2. The bundle is fully operational. The port channel is a Layer 3 channel. The load-balancing method used is source port to destination port. The EtherChannel is down.
The port channel ID is 2 The EtherChannel is down
Successful inter-VLAN routing has been operating on a network with multiple VLANs across multiple switches for some time. When an inter-switch trunk link fails and Spanning Tree Protocol brings up a backup trunk link, it is reported that hosts on two VLANs can access some, but not all the network resources that could be accessed previously. Hosts on all other VLANS do not have this problem. What is the most likely cause of this problem? The allowed VLANs on the backup link were not configured correctly. The protected edge port function on the backup trunk interfaces has been disabled. Dynamic Trunking Protocol on the link has failed. Inter-VLAN routing also failed when the trunk link failed.
The protected edge port function on the backup trunk interfaces has been disabled.
To obtain an overview of the spanning tree status of a switched network, a network engineer issues the show spanning-tree command on a switch. Which two items of information will this command display? (Choose two.) The role of the ports in all VLANs. The root bridge BID. The number of broadcasts received on each root port. The IP address of the management VLAN interface. The status of native VLAN ports.
The role of the ports in all VLANS The root bridge BID
Which information does a switch use to populate the MAC address table? the source MAC address and the incoming port the destination MAC address and the incoming port the source MAC address and the outgoing port the source and destination MAC addresses and the outgoing port the source and destination MAC addresses and the incoming port the destination MAC address and the outgoing portThe
The source MAC address and the incoming port To maintain the MAC address table, the switch uses the source MAC address of the incoming packets and the port that the packets enter. The destination address is used to select the outgoing port.
What action takes place when the source MAC address of a frame entering a switch is not in the MAC address table? The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port. The switch adds a MAC address table entry for the destination MAC address and the egress port. The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. The switch adds the MAC address and incoming port number to the table.
The switch adds the MAC address and incoming port number to the table
What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a unicast destination MAC address appearing in the MAC address table? The switch resets the refresh timer on all MAC address table entries. The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port. The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port.
The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
What action takes place when the source MAC address of a frame entering a switch appears in the MAC address table associated with a different port? The switch purges the entire MAC address table. The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port. The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.
What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a unicast destination MAC address that is not in the MAC address table? The switch resets the refresh timer on all MAC address table entries. The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port. The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming Port
The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming
Compared with dynamic routes, what are two advantages of using static routes on a router? (Choose two.) They automatically switch the path to the destination network when the topology changes. They improve the efficiency of discovering neighboring networks. They use fewer router resources. They improve network security. They take less time to converge when the network topology changes.
They use fewer router resources. They improve network security.
What is the common term given to SNMP log messages that are generated by network devices and sent to the SNMP server? traps auditing acknowledgments warnings
Traps
Refer to the exhibit. Which trunk link will not forward any traffic after the root bridge election process is complete?
Trunk 2
Employees are unable to connect to servers on one of the internal networks. What should be done or checked? Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down. Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation. Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internit
Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down.
What is a drawback of the local database method of securing device access that can be solved by using AAA with centralized servers? There is no ability to provide accountability. It is very susceptible to brute-force attacks because there is no username. The passwords can only be stored in plain text in the running configuration. User accounts must be configured locally on each device, which is an unscalable authentication solution.
User accounts must be configured locally on each device, which is an unscalable authentication solution. The local database method of securing device access utilizes usernames and passwords that are configured locally on the router. This allows administrators to keep track of who logged in to the device and when. The passwords can also be encrypted in the configuration. However, the account information must be configured on each device where that account should have access, making this solution very difficult to scale.
What protocol or technology requires switches to be in server mode or client mode? VTP EtherChannel HSRP DTP
VTP
Users on a LAN are unable to get to a company web server but are able to get elsewhere. What should be done or checked? Ensure that the old default route has been removed from the company edge routers. Verify that the static route to the server is present in the routing table. Create a floating static route to that network. Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD.
Verify that the static route to the server is present in the routing table.
On a Cisco 3504 WLC Summary page ( Advanced > Summary ), which tab allows a network administrator to configure a particular WLAN with a WPA2 policy? MANAGEMENT WLANs SECURITY WIRELESS
WLANS
What method of wireless authentication is dependent on a RADIUS authentication server? WEP WPA2 Enterprise WPA Personal WPA2 Personal
WPA2 Enterprise
Which wireless encryption method is the most secure? WPA2 with AES WPA2 with TKIP WEP WPA
WPA2 with AES
In which situation would a technician use the show interfaces switch command? to determine if remote access is enabled when an end device can reach local devices, but not remote devices to determine the MAC address of a directly attached network device on a particular interface when packets are being dropped from a particular directly attached host
When packets are being dropped from a particular directly attached host The show interfaces command is useful to detect media errors, to see if packets are being sent and received, and to determine if any runts, giants, CRCs, interface resets, or other errors have occurred. Problems with reachability to a remote network would likely be caused by a misconfigured default gateway or other routing issue, not a switch issue. The show mac address-table command shows the MAC address of a directly attached device.
After attaching four PCs to the switch ports, configuring the SSID and setting authentication properties for a small office network, a technician successfully tests the connectivity of all PCs that are connected to the switch and WLAN. A firewall is then configured on the device prior to connecting it to the Internet. What type of network device includes all of the described features? standalone wireless access point firewall appliance switch wireless router
Wireless router
Refer to the exhibit. What are the possible port roles for ports A, B, C, and D in this RSTP-enabled network? designated, alternate, root, root designated, root, alternate, root alternate, root, designated, root alternate, designated, root, root
alternate, designated, root, root Because S1 is the root bridge, B is a designated port, and C and D root ports. RSTP supports a new port type, alternate port in discarding state, that can be port A in this scenario.
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator disable the broadcast feature for the SSID? to reduce the risk of interference by external devices such as microwave ovens to reduce the risk of unauthorized APs being added to the network to provide privacy and integrity to wireless traffic by using encryption to eliminate outsiders scanning for available SSIDs in the area
to eliminate outsiders scanning for available SSIDs in the area
Refer to the exhibit. R1 was configured with the static route command ip route 209.165.200.224 255.255.255.224 S0/0/0 and consequently users on network 172.16.0.0/16 are unable to reach resources on the Internet. How should this static route be changed to allow user traffic from the LAN to reach the Internet? Add the next-hop neighbor address of 209.165.200.226. Change the destination network and mask to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0. Change the exit interface to S0/0/1. Add an administrative distance of 254.
change the destination network and mask to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 The static route on R1 has been incorrectly configured with the wrong destination network and mask. The correct destination network and mask is 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.
Match the description to the correct VLAN type. data vlan default vlan native vlan management vlan
data vlan configured to carry user generated traffic default vlan all switch ports are assigned to this VLAN after initial boot up of the switch native vlan arrives untangles traffic management vlan an IP address and subnet mask are assigned to this vlan allowing the switch to be accessed by HTTP, TELNET, SSH or SNMP
Which two functions are performed by a WLC when using split media access control (MAC)? (Choose two.) packet acknowledgments and retransmissions frame translation to other protocols association and re-association of roaming clients beacons and probe responses frame queuing and packet prioritization
frame translation to other protocols association and re-association of roaming clients
During the AAA process, when will authorization be implemented? immediately after the determination of which resources a user can access immediately after an AAA client sends authentication information to a centralized server immediately after AAA accounting and auditing receives detailed reports immediately after successful authentication against an AAA data source
immediately after successful authentication against an AAA data source AAA authorization is implemented immediately after the user is authenticated against a specific AAA data source.
Which command will start the process to bundle two physical interfaces to create an EtherChannel group via LACP? channel-group 2 mode auto channel-group 1 mode desirable interface port-channel 2 interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 - 5
interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 - 5 To specify the interfaces in an EtherChannel group, use the interface range interface global configuration command for the range of interfaces used. The interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 - 5 command is the correct option because it specifies two interfaces for the EtherChannel group.
What is a method to launch a VLAN hopping attack? introducing a rogue switch and enabling trunking flooding the switch with MAC addresses sending spoofed IP addresses from the attacking host sending spoofed native VLAN information
introducing a rogue switch and enabling trunking
Refer to the exhibit. Which static route would an IT technician enter to create a backup route to the 172.16.1.0 network that is only used if the primary RIP learned route fails? ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 91 ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 111 ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 121
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 121 A backup static route is called a floating static route. A floating static route has an administrative distance greater than the administrative distance of another static route or dynamic route.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement shown in the output allows router R1 to respond to stateless DHCPv6 requests? ipv6 nd other-config-flag ipv6 dhcp server LAN1 prefix-delegation 2001:DB8:8::/48 00030001000E84244E70 ipv6 unicast-routing dns-server 2001:DB8:8::8
ipv6 nd other-config-flag The interface command ipv6 nd other-config-flag allows RA messages to be sent on this interface, indicating that additional information is available from a stateless DHCPv6 server.
What would be the primary reason an attacker would launch a MAC address overflow attack? so that the attacker can execute arbitrary code on the switch so that the switch stops forwarding traffic so that the attacker can see frames that are destined for other hosts so that legitimate hosts cannot obtain a MAC address
so that the attacker can see frames that are destined for other hosts
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator configured routers R1 and R2 as part of HSRP group 1. After the routers have been reloaded, a user on Host1 complained of lack of connectivity to the Internet The network administrator issued the show standby brief command on both routers to verify the HSRP operations. In addition, the administrator observed the ARP table on Host1. Which entry should be seen in the ARP table on Host1 in order to gain connectivity to the Internet? the IP address and the MAC address of R1 the virtual IP address of the HSRP group 1 and the MAC address of R1 the virtual IP address of the HSRP group 1 and the MAC address of R2 the virtual IP address and the virtual MAC address for the HSRP group 1
the virtual IP address and the virtual MAC address for the HSRP group 1 Hosts will send an ARP request to the default gateway which is the virtual IP address. ARP replies from the HSRP routers contain the virtual MAC address. The host ARP tables will contain a mapping of the virtual IP to the virtual MAC.
Refer to the exhibit. Consider that the main power has just been restored. PC3 issues a broadcast IPv4 DHCP request. To which port will SW1 forward this request? to Fa0/1 only to Fa0/1, Fa0/2, and Fa0/4 only to Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, and Fa0/4 to Fa0/1, Fa0/2, and Fa0/3 only to Fa0/1 and Fa0/2 only
to Fa0/1, Fa0/2, and Fa0/3 only
What are two reasons a network administrator would segment a network with a Layer 2 switch? (Choose two.) to isolate ARP request messages from the rest of the network to create more broadcast domains to enhance user bandwidth to eliminate virtual circuits to create fewer collision domains to isolate traffic between segments
to enhance user bandwidth to isolate traffic between segments A switch has the ability of creating temporary point-to-point connections between the directly-attached transmitting and receiving network devices. The two devices have full-bandwidth full-duplex connectivity during the transmission.