CCNA - Networking fundamental
What part of the URL, http://www.sait.ca/index.html, represents the top-level DNS domain?
.ca
What subnet mask provides the fewest wasted addresses for a subnet with 27 hosts?
/27
Class A
0 to 127 Prefix: /8
How many host addresses are available on a /22 network?
1022
If 148.10.0.0/16 is subnetted, and all subnets have the same mask of 255.255.254.0, how many subnets can be created?
128
Class B
128 to 191 Prefix: /16
If you subnet 142.120.0.0/16 to create 512 equal-sized subnets, what is the subnet address for the third subnet? (Subnet zero is the first subnet.)
142.120.1.0
What is the network address for a host that has IP address 172.16.140.24 and Subnet Mask 255.255.192.0?
172.16.128.0/18
Which of the following is the broadcast address for 172.16.0.0/22?
172.16.3.255
Given the IP address 187.10.5.135/26, what is the last usable IP address in the subnet?
187.10.5.190
Class C
192 to 223 Prefix: /24
192.168.1.0/24 is subnetted and every subnet is /28. Which of the following is a valid subnet address?
192.168.1.176
Your company has a policy to use the first IP address in a network as the default gatewayaddress. A new server has IP address 192.168.184.227 and subnet mask 255.255.255.248. What should be the default gateway for this server?
192.168.184.225
Which of the following is a valid IPv6 address?
2001:0:130F::9C0:876A:130B
Which of the following is the compressed representation of the IPv6 address: 2001:0000:0DB8:1111:0000:0000:0000:0200
2001:0:DB8:1111::200
What is the network address for the host address 2001:DB8:BC15:A0:12AB::1/64?
2001:DB8:BC15:A0::0
Class D
224 to 239 Multicast class
Which is multicast address of RIP ver 2
224.0.0.9
Class E
240 to 255 (Experimental)
Which subnet mask would produce a subnet with up to 30 host addresses?
255.255.255.224
How many bits are in an IPv4 address ?
32
Which of the following is an IPv6 loopback address?
::1
When sending messages on a network, the protocol stack on a host operates from top to bottom. Identify the order in which the following events occur when an HTML web page is sent from a Web Server to a client PC.
A segment is encapsulated within an IP packet. The network layer adds IP addressing information to the packet's header. A frame is created with the respective physical addresses and error-checking information. The message is segmented and port numbers are added to the segment header. HTTP delivers the HTML formatted web page data to the transport layer. The bits are encoded and sent onto the media to the destination
What is an example of network communication that uses the client-server model?
A workstation initiates a DNS request when the user types www.sait.ca in the address bar of a web browser.
Host A needs to learn the Ethernet MAC address of Host B, which is on the same network. What protocol provides this information?
ARP
How to determine IP address class?
Base on first four bits
What IPv4 address type has all host bits = 1?
Broadcast address.
What class is the IPv4 address 122.11.1.244?
Class A
Block for each private IPv4 class
Class A: 10.0.0.0/8 (10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255) Class B: 172.16.0.0/12 (172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255) Class C: 192.168.0.0/16 (192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255)
A wireless host needs to request an IP address. What protocol would be used to process the request?
DHCP
Indicate with a number (1 to 4) the order in which the following DHCP messages would normally occur.
DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFFER DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK (D-O-R-A)
Which protocol translates a website name such as www.sait.ca into a network address?
DNS
Which two of the following upper layer protocols use TCP as a transport layer protocol ?
DNS FTP
Match the following protocol names to their respective functions.
Dynamically assigns IP addresses to client workstations when they boot. Allows addresses to be re-used when the workstation no longer needs it. Translates domain names into IP addresses. A simple, connectionless file transfer protocol. Enables clients to access email stored on a mail server. Maintains a copy of the email on the server.
Which two of the following are true about IPv6?
Every IPv6 interface contains at least one link-local address. A single interface may be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses of any type.
Which of the following is an IPv6 Link-Local address created using the EUI-64 format if the device MAC address is D4:8C:B5:CE:A0:C1?
FE80::D68C:B5FF:FECE:A0C1
For the global unicast IPv6 address: 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::1/64 What are the global routing prefix, subnet ID, and interface ID ?
Global routing prefix is 2001:DB8:ACAD Subnet ID is 000A Interface ID is 0000:0000:0000:1
TCP Port Number 80 matches what correct Protocol or Application?
HTTP
What header field is used by ICMPv6 to determine that how far a packet can travel?
Hop Limit field
Which of the following is a connectionless network layer protocol?
IP
What is the purpose of the subnet mask?
It allows a host to determine which bits in its IPv4 address belong to the network.
What are two functions of a router? (Choose two.)
It connects multiple IP networks. It determines the best path to send packets.
Consider the following routing table entry for R1: O 10.1.1.0/24 [120/12] via 209.165.200.226, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0 What is the significance of the Serial0/0/0?
It is the interface on R1 used to send data that is destined for 10.1.1.0/24.
How does a host on a network in Calgary determine what destination MAC address to use to reach a host on a different network in Toronto?
It will use the MAC address of its default gateway.
Which IP address is used to send hello packets to all OSPF routers?
Multicast 224.0.0.5
JPEG , GIF, and MPEG would all be examples of formats developed for what layer of the OSI ?
Presentation
What is the purpose of the passive-interface command?
Prevents routing updates from being sent out the specified interface.
Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and metric? (Choose two.)
Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route.
What is the combination of IP address and port number of a connection called?
Socket
Which characteristic describes an IPv6 enhancement over IPv4?
The IPv6 header is simpler than the IPv4 header, which improves packet handling.
An OSPF enabled router is processing learned routes to select best paths to reach
The cumulative bandwidth that is used along the routing path.
If the Default Gateway is configured incorrectly on a host, what is the impact on communications?
The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with other hosts on remote networks.
What address does an IPv6 host use to reach all other hosts on the network?
The multicast address FF02::1.
Multiple connections to a web server from the same client are tracked using what method ?
The source port number of the connection from the client.
What happens to paczzkets if they cannot be delivered using IP?
They are dropped, it is the job of the upper layer protocols to manage lost data.
What is the purpose of the Protocol field in the IP header?
To identify the Transport layer protocol in its payload.
Which of the transport layer protocols has the lower overhead?
UDP
What is the purpose of sequence numbers in a TCP header?
Used to reorder the segments upon arrival at the destination.
What is loopback?
Usually 127.0.0.1 (Network 127.0.0.0/8) Also called self-address, localhost address Enables process on a single host to communicate (mostly for testing) If a host can ping 127.0.0.1 it implies that the TCP/IP software stack on the machine is working correctly
Which two tasks can be performed by a local DNS server? (Choose two.)
forwarding name resolution requests between servers mapping name-to-IP addresses for internal hosts
In order for packets to be sent to a remote destination, what three pieces of information must be configured on a host? (Choose three.)
subnet mask default gateway IP address
During a TCP session, a destination device sends an acknowledgment number to the source device. What does the acknowledgment number represent?
the next byte that the destination expects to receive
When is UDP preferred to TCP?
when an application can tolerate some loss of data during transmission
