CCNA Practice 3 (Ch 6-8)

At which layer of the OSI model would you assume the problem is if you type show interface serial 1 and receive the following message? Serial1 is down, line protocol is down A. Physical layer B. Data Link layer C. Network layer D. None; it is a router problem.

A (If you see that a serial interface and the protocol are both down, then you have a Physical layer problem. If you see serial1 is up, line protocol is down, then you are not receiving (Data Link) keepalives from the remote end.)

What metric does RIPv2 use to find the best path to a remote network? A. Hop count B. MTU C. Cumulative interface delay D. Load E. Path bandwidth value

A (RIPv1 and RIPv2 only use the lowest hop count to determine the best path to a remote network.)

When a packet is routed across a network, the ______________ in the packet changes at every hop while the ____ does not. A. MAC address, IP address B. IP address, MAC address C. Port number, IP address D. IP address, port number

A (Since the destination MAC address is different at each hop, it must keep changing. The IP address which is used for the routing process does not.)

The Corporate router receives an IP packet with a source IP address of 192.168.214.20 and a destination address of 192.168.22.3. Looking at the output from the Corp router, what will the router do with this packet? Corp#sh ip route [output cut] R 192.168.215.0 [120/2] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:23, Serial0/0 R 192.168.115.0 [120/1] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:23, Serial0/0 R 192.168.30.0 [120/1] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:23, Serial0/0 C 192.168.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0 C 192.168.214.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 A. The packet will be discarded. B. The packet will be routed out of the S0/0 interface. C. The router will broadcast looking for the destination. D. The packet will be routed out of the Fa0/0 interface.

A (Since the routing table shows no route to the 192.168.22.0 network, the router will discard the packet and send an ICMP destination unreachable message out of interface FastEthernet 0/0, which is the source LAN from which the packet originated.)

Which of the following statements are true regarding the command ip route 172.16.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2? (Choose two.) A. The command is used to establish a static route. B. The default administrative distance is used. C. The command is used to configure the default route. D. The subnet mask for the source address is 255.255.255.0. E. The command is used to establish a stub network.

A, B (Although option D almost seems right, it is not; the mask is the mask used on the remote network, not the source network. Since there is no number at the end of the static route, it is using the default administrative distance of 1.)

Which three commands can be used to check LAN connectivity problems on a switch? (Choose three.) A. show interfaces B. show ip route C. tracert D. ping E. dns lookups

A, B, D (The tracert command is a Windows command and will not work on a router or switch! IOS uses the traceroute command.)

What type(s) of route is the following? Choose all that apply. S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 172.16.10.5 A. Default B. Subnetted C. Static D. Local

A, C (The S* shows that this is a candidate for default route and that it was configured manually.)

What information is displayed by the show hosts command? (Choose two.) A. Temporary DNS entries B. The names of the routers created using the hostname command C. The IP addresses of workstations allowed to access the router D. Permanent name-to-address mappings created using the ip host command E. The length of time a host has been connected to the router via Telnet

A, D (The show hosts command provides information on temporary DNS entries and permanent name-to-address mappings created using the ip host command.)

Which of the following commands will configure all the default VTY ports on a switch? A. Switch#line vty 0 4 B. Switch(config)#line vty 0 4 C. Switch(config-if)#line console 0 D. Switch(config)#line vty all

B (From global configuration mode, use the line vty 0 4 command to set all five default VTY lines. However, you would typically always set all lines, not just the defaults.)

Which of the following is called an advanced distance-vector routing protocol? A. OSPF B. EIGRP C. BGP D. RIP

B (Hybrid protocols use aspects of both distance vector and link state—for example, EIGRP. Although be advised that Cisco typically just calls EIGRP an advanced distance vector routing protocol. Do not be mislead by the way the question is worded. Yes, I know that MAC addresses are not in a packet. You must read the question for understanding of what they are really asking.)

What is the problem with an interface if you type show interface g0/1 and receive the following message? Gigabit 0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down A. The keepalives are different times. B. The administrator has the interface shut down. C. The administrator is pinging from the interface. D. No cable is attached.

B (If an interface is shut down, the show interface command will show the interface as administratively down. It is possible that no cable is attached, but you can't tell that from this message.)

You are viewing the routing table and you see an entry 10.1.1.1/32. What legend code would you expect to see next to this route? A. C B. L C. S D. D

B (In the new 15 IOS code, Cisco defines a different route called a local route. Each has a /32 prefix defining a route just for the one address.)

A network administrator views the output from the show ip route command. A network that is advertised by both RIP and EIGRP appears in the routing table flagged as an EIGRP route. Why is the RIP route to this network not used in the routing table? A. EIGRP has a faster update timer. B. EIGRP has a lower administrative distance. C. RIP has a higher metric value for that route. D. The EIGRP route has fewer hops. E. The RIP path has a routing loop.

B (RIP has an administrative distance (AD) of 120, while EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90, so the router will discard any route with a higher AD than 90 to that same network.)

You type Switch#sh r and receive a % ambiguous command error. Why did you receive this message? A. The command requires additional options or parameters. B. There is more than one show command that starts with the letter r. C. There is no show command that starts with r. D. The command is being executed from the wrong mode.

B (The % ambiguous command error means that there is more than one possible show command that starts with r. Use a question mark to find the correct command.)

In the following command what does the 150 at the end of the command mean? Router(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.4 150 A. Metric B. Administrative distance C. Hop count D. Cost

B (The 150 at the end changes the default administrative distance (AD) of 1 to 150.)

Which of the following is a standards-based protocol that works much like CDP? A. DHCP B. LLDP C. DDNS D. SSTP

B (The IEEE created a new standardized discovery protocol called 802.1AB for Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery. We'll just call it Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).)

You are troubleshooting a connectivity problem in your corporate network and want to isolate the problem. You suspect that a router on the route to an unreachable network is at fault. What IOS user exec command should you issue? A. Router>ping B. Router>trace C. Router>show ip route D. Router>show interface E. Router>show cdp neighbors

B (The command traceroute (trace for short), which can be issued from user mode or privileged mode, is used to find the path a packet takes through an internetwork and will also show you where the packet stops because of an error on a router.)

Using the output shown, what protocol was used to learn the MAC address for 172.16.10.1? Interface: 172.16.10.2 --- 0x3 Internet Address Physical Address Type 172.16.10.1 00-15-05-06-31-b0 dynamic A. ICMP B. ARP C. TCP D. UDP

B (This mapping was learned dynamically which means it was learned through ARP.)

6. Using the given output, what type of interface is f0/0? [output cut] Hardware is MV96340 Ethernet, address is 001a.2f55.c9e8 (bia 001a.2f55.c9e8) Internet address is 192.168.1.33/27 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 A. 10 MB B. 100 MB C. 1000 MB D. 1000 MB

B (We can see that the bandwidth is 100000 Kbit, which is 100,000,000. Kbit means to add three zeros, which is 100 Mbits per second, or FastEthernet.)

Which two of the following are true regarding the distance-vector and link-state routing protocols? (Choose two.) A. Link state sends its complete routing table out of all active interfaces at periodic time intervals. B. Distance vector sends its complete routing table out of all active interfaces at periodic time intervals. C. Link state sends updates containing the state of its own links to all routers in the internetwork. D. Distance vector sends updates containing the state of its own links to all routers in the internetwork.

B, C (The distance-vector routing protocol sends its complete routing table out of all active interfaces at periodic time intervals. Link-state routing protocols send updates containing the state of their own links to all routers in the internetwork.)

You are unsuccessful in telnetting into a remote device from your switch, but you could telnet to the router earlier. However, you can still ping the remote device. What could the problem be? (Choose two.) A. IP addresses are incorrect. B. Access control list is filtering Telnet. C. There is a defective serial cable. D. The VTY password is missing.

B, D (The best answers, the ones you need to remember, are that either an access control list is filtering the Telnet session or the VTY password is not set on the remote device.)

Which of the following commands will display the current IP addressing and the layer 1 and 2 status of an interface? (Choose two.) A. show version B. show interfaces C. show controllers D. show ip interface E. show running-config

B, D (The commands show interfaces and show ip interface will show you the layer 1 and 2 status and the IP addresses of your router's interfaces.)

What two commands can you use to verify your NTP client? A. show ntp server B. show ntp status C. show vtp status D. show ntp associations E. show clock source

B, D (You can verify your NTP client with the show ntp status and show ntp associations commands.)

Which statement is true regarding classless routing protocols? (Choose two.) A. The use of discontiguous networks is not allowed. B. The use of variable length subnet masks is permitted. C. RIPv1 is a classless routing protocol. D. IGRP supports classless routing within the same autonomous system. E. RIPv2 supports classless routing.

B, E (Classful routing means that all hosts in the internetwork use the same mask and that only default masks are in use. Classless routing means that you can use variable length subnet masks (VLSMs).)

Which of the following is an EGP? A. RIPv2 B. EIGRP C. BGP D. RIP

C (BGP is the only EGP listed.)

The corporate office sends you a new router to connect, but upon connecting the console cable, you see that there is already a configuration on the router. What should be done before a new configuration is entered in the router? A. RAM should be erased and the router restarted. B. Flash should be erased and the router restarted. C. NVRAM should be erased and the router restarted. D. The new configuration should be entered and saved.

C (Before you start to configure the router, you should erase the NVRAM with the erase startup-config command and then reload the router using the reload command.)

If you delete the contents of NVRAM and reboot the switch, what mode will you be in? A. Privileged mode B. Global mode C. Setup mode D. NVRAM loaded mode

C (If you delete the startup-config and reload the switch, the device will automatically enter setup mode. You can also type setup from privileged mode at any time.)

You save the configuration on a router with the copy running-config startup-config command and reboot the router. The router, however, comes up with a blank configuration. What can the problem be? A. You didn't boot the router with the correct command. B. NVRAM is corrupted. C. The configuration register setting is incorrect. D. The newly upgraded IOS is not compatible with the hardware of the router. E. The configuration you saved is not compatible with the hardware.

C (If you save a configuration and reload the router and it comes up either in setup mode or as a blank configuration, chances are you have the configuration register setting incorrect.)

The output of the show running-config command comes from ___________. A. NVRAM B. Flash C. RAM D. Firmware

C (Once the IOS is loaded and up and running, the startup-config will be copied from NVRAM into RAM and from then on, referred to as the running-config.)

You copy a configuration from a network host to a router's RAM. The configuration looks correct, yet it is not working at all. What could the problem be? A. You copied the wrong configuration into RAM. B. You copied the configuration into flash memory instead. C. The copy did not override the shutdown command in running-config. D. The IOS became corrupted after the copy command was initiated.

C (Since the configuration looks correct, you probably didn't screw up the copy job. However, when you perform a copy from a network host to a router, the interfaces are automatically shut down and need to be manually enabled with the no shutdown command.)

If your routing table has a static, an RIP, and an EIGRP route to the same network, which route will be used to route packets by default? A. Any available route B. RIP route C. Static route D. EIGRP route E. They will all load-balance.

C (Static routes have an administrative distance of 1 by default. Unless you change this, a static route will always be used over any other dynamically learned route. EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90, and RIP has an administrative distance of 120, by default.)

According to the output, what interface does SW-2 use to connect to SW-3? SW-3#sh cdp neighbors Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - Phone, D - Remote, C - CVTA, M - Two-port Mac Relay Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port ID SW-1 Fas 0/1 170 S I WS-C3560- Fas 0/15 SW-1 Fas 0/2 170 S I WS-C3560- Fas 0/16 SW-2 Fas 0/5 162 S I WS-C3560- Fas 0/2 A. Fas 0/1 B. Fas 0/16 C. Fas 0/2 D. Fas 0/5

C (The Port ID column describes the interfaces on the remote device end of the connection.)

Which of the following commands sets the privileged mode password to Cisco and encrypts the password? A. enable secret password Cisco B. enable secret cisco C. enable secret Cisco D. enable password Cisco

C (The enable secret password is case sensitive, so the second option is wrong. To set the enable secret password, use the enable secret password command from global configuration mode. This password is automatically encrypted.)

Which of the following prompts indicates that the switch is currently in privileged mode? A. Switch(config)# B. Switch> C. Switch# D. Switch(config-if)

C (The prompts offered as options indicate the following modes: Switch(config)# is global configuration mode. Switch> is user mode. Switch# is privileged mode. Switch(config-if)# is interface configuration mode.)

Which command will show you whether a DTE or a DCE cable is plugged into serial 0/0 on your router's WAN port? A. sh int s0/0 B. sh int serial 0/0 C. show controllers s 0/0 D. show serial 0/0 controllers

C (The show controllers serial 0/0 command will show you whether either a DTE or DCE cable is connected to the interface. If it is a DCE connection, you need to add clocking with the clock rate command.)

What command produced the following output? Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial0/0/0 172.16.10.2 YES manual up up Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down A. show ip route B. show interfaces C. show ip interface brief D. show ip arp

C (The show ip interface brief command displays a concise summary of the interfaces.)

Which command can be used to determine a router's capacity to generate debug output? A. show version B. show controllers C. show processes cpu D. show memory

C (The show processes (or show processes cpu) is a good tool for determining a given router's CPU utilization. When it is high, it is not a good time to execute a debug command.)

If you wanted administrators to see a message when logging into the switch, which command would you use? A. message banner motd B. banner message motd C. banner motd D. message motd

C (The typical banner is a message of the day (MOTD) and is set by using the global configuration mode command banner MOTD.)

What command can you use to determine the IP address of a directly connected neighbor? A. show cdp B. show cdp neighbors C. show cdp neighbors detail D. show neighbor detail

C (This command can be run on both routers and switches and it displays detailed information about each device connected to the device you're running the command on, including the IP address.)

When a router looks up the destination in the routing table for every single packet it is called _____________ . A. dynamic switching B. fast switching C. process switching D. Cisco Express Forwarding

C (This is how most people see routers, and certainly they could do this type of plain ol' packet switching in 1990 when Cisco released their very first router and traffic was seriously slow, but not in today's networks! This process involves looking up every destination in the routing table and finding the exit interface for every packet.)

You telnet into a remote device and type debug ip icmp, but no output from the debug command is seen. What could the problem be? A. You must type the show ip icmp command first. B. IP addressing on the network is incorrect. C. You must use the terminal monitor command. D. Debug output is sent only to the console.

C (To see console messages through your Telnet session, you must enter the terminal monitor command.)

Which of the following commands displays the configurable parameters and statistics of all interfaces on a switch? A. show running-config B. show startup-config C. show interfaces D. show versions

C (With the show interfaces command, you can view the configurable parameters, get statistics for the interfaces on the switch, check for input and CRC errors, and verify if the interfaces are shut down.)

Which two of the following commands are required when configuring SSH on your router? (Choose two.) A. enable secret password B. exec-timeout 0 0 C. ip domain-name name D. username name password password E. ip ssh version 2

C, D (To configure SSH on your router, you need to set the username command, the ip domain-name, login local, and the transport input ssh under the VTY lines and the crypto key command. However, SSH version 2 is suggested but not required.)

What destination addresses will be used by HostA to send data to the HTTPS server as shown in the following network? (Choose two.) A. The IP address of the switch B. The MAC address of the remote switch C. The IP address of the HTTPS server D. The MAC address of the HTTPS server E. The IP address of RouterA's Fa0/0 interface F. The MAC address of RouterA's Fa0/0 interface

C, F (The switches are not used as either a default gateway or other destination. Switches have nothing to do with routing. It is very important to remember that the destination MAC address will always be the router's interface. The destination address of a frame, from HostA, will be the MAC address of the Fa0/0 interface of RouterA. The destination address of a packet will be the IP address of the network interface card (NIC) of the HTTPS server. The destination port number in the segment header will have a value of 443 (HTTPS).)

Which of the following is an advantage of static routing? A. Less overhead on the router CPU B. No bandwidth usage between routers C. Adds security D. Recovers automatically from lost routes

D (Recovery from a lost route requires manual intervention by a human to replace the lost route. The advantages are less overhead on the router and network, as well as more security.)

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of static routing? A. Less overhead on the router CPU B. No bandwidth usage between routers C. Adds security D. Recovers automatically from lost routes

D (Recovery from a lost route requires manual intervention by a human to replace the lost route.)

You telnet to a router and make your necessary changes; now you want to end the Telnet session. What command do you type in? A. close B. disable C. disconnect D. exit

D (Since the question never mentioned anything about a suspended session, you can assume that the Telnet session is still open, and you would just type exit to close the session.)

In the following command, what does the IP address 10.10.10.254 refer to? Router#config t Router(config)#interface fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip helper-address 10.10.10.254 A. IP address of the ingress interface on the router B. IP address of the egress interface on the router C. IP address of the next hop on the path to the DHCP server D. IP address of the DHCP server

D (Specifying the address of the DHCP server allows the router to relay broadcast traffic destined for a DHCP server to that server.)

Which command will delete the contents of NVRAM on a switch? A. delete NVRAM B. delete startup-config C. erase flash D. erase startup-config E. erase start

D (The erase startup-config command erases the contents of NVRAM and will put you in setup mode if the switch is restarted. Option E is wrong because you must type in the full command!)

You try to telnet into SF from router Corp and receive this message: Corp#telnet SF Trying SF (10.0.0.1)...Open Password required, but none set [Connection to SF closed by foreign host] Corp# Which of the following sequences will address this problem correctly? A. Corp(config)#line console 0 Corp (config-line)#password password Corp (config-line)#login B. SF (config)#line console 0 SF(config-line)#enable secret password SF(config-line)#login C. Corp(config)#line vty 0 4 Corp (config-line)#password password Corp (config-line)#login D. SF (config)#line vty 0 4 SF(config-line)#password password SF(config-line)#login

D (To allow a VTY (Telnet) session into your router, you must set the VTY password. Option C is wrong because it is setting the password on the wrong router. Notice that you have to set the password before you set the login command. Remember, Cisco may have you set the password before the login command.)

What command do you type to save the configuration stored in RAM to NVRAM? A. Switch(config)#copy current to starting B. Switch#copy starting to running C. Switch(config)#copy running-config startup-config D. Switch#copy run start

D (To copy the running-config to NVRAM so that it will be used if the router is restarted, use the copy running-config startup-config command in privileged mode (copy run start for short.)

You need to configure all your routers and switches so they synchronize their clocks from one time source. What command will you type for each device? A. clock synchronization ip_address B. ntp master ip_address C. sync ntp ip_address D. ntp server ip_address version number

D (To enable a device to be an NTP client, use the ntp server IP_address version number command at global configuration mode. That's all there is to it! Assuming your NTP server is working of course.)

If you want to have more than one Telnet session open at the same time, what keystroke combination would you use? A. Tab+spacebar B. Ctrl+X, then 6 C. Ctrl+Shift+X, then 6 D. Ctrl+Shift+6, then X

D (To keep open one or more Telnet sessions, use the Ctrl+Shift+6 and then X keystroke combination.)

You type "show interfaces fa0/1" and get this output: 275496 packets input, 35226811 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 69748 broadcasts (58822 multicasts) 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 111395 input errors, 511987 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored 0 watchdog, 58822 multicast, 0 pause input 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 2392529 packets output, 337933522 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier, 0 PAUSE output 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out What could the problem possibly be with this interface? A. Speed mismatch on directly connected interfaces B. Collisions causing CRC errors C. Frames received are too large D. Interference on the Ethernet cable

D (Typically we'd see the input errors and CRC statistics increase with a duplex error, but it could be another Physical layer issue such as the cable might be receiving excessive interference or the network interface cards might have a failure. Typically you can tell if it is interference when the CRC and input errors output grow but the collision counters do not, which is the case with this question.)

You type the following command into the switch and receive the following output: Switch#show fastethernet 0/1 ^ % Invalid input detected at '^' marker. Why was this error message displayed? A. You need to be in privileged mode. B. You cannot have a space between fastethernet and 0/1. C. The switch does not have a Fastethernet 0/1 interface. D. Part of the command is missing.

D (You can view the interface statistics from user mode, but the command is show interface fastethernet 0/0.)

You need to gather the IP address of a remote switch that is located in Hawaii. What can you do to find the address? A. Fly to Hawaii, console into the switch, then relax and have a drink with an umbrella in it. B. Issue the show ip route command on the router connected to the switch. C. Issue the show cdp neighbor command on the router connected to the switch. D. Issue the show ip arp command on the router connected to the switch. E. Issue the show cdp neighbors detail command on the router connected to the switch.

E (Although option A is certainly the "best" answer, unfortunately option E will work just fine and your boss would probably prefer you to use the show cdp neighbors detail command.)

1. What command was used to generate the following output? Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, [output cut] 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 4 masks C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/3 L 10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/3 C 10.10.0.0/16 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/2 L 10.10.0.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/2 C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 L 10.10.10.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

show ip route (The ip route command is used to display the routing table of a router.)

You need to view console messages on a device to which you have connected through telnet. The command you need to execute to see these is ___________.

terminal monitor (When you telnet into a remote device, you will not see console messages by default. For example, you will not see debugging output. To allow console messages to be sent to your Telnet session, use the terminal monitor command.)