CDA Exam
A child in your group says "My truck!" to encourage more complex speech, you say
"Is that your truck? yes that is your truck!
Elliot says "Me go?" you respond
"Yes, you are going to the gym"
what is the most appropriate response to a toileting accident
"accidents happen, let me help you find some dry clothes"
An appropriate mealtime would include
- A well balanced meal that meets licensing regulations - Pleasant conversation at the table - Encouragement to eat
whose job is it to advocate for the needs of children and families
-the director - the owner -teachers -parents
why is it important to have different types of families represented in our preschool classroom?
-to help all families feel welcomed - to help children feel like the belong - to help children learn about families that are different from their own
why do we plan finger plays and movement games
-to help children develop fine and gross motor skills -to help children learn about the natural rhythms of language, as well as rhyming skills
sand and water play should be made available inside daily for which age groups?
-toddlers -preschoolers
true or false: when a parent has a concern about another child's behavior (not their own child) it is inappropriate to share information about the other child's family history
-true
when should teachers wash their hands?
-upon arrival -after toileting/diapering -before eating -after wiping a nose
cribs, cots and mats should be cleaned and sanitized
-weekly -between users
when should a child care provider introduce solid (pureed) foods to an infant?
-when the child is between 4 and 6 months old -when the parent has given permission to do so
materials should be displayed on low, open shelves and labeled with
-words -pictures
children in diapers should have their diapers changed once every
2 hours or if there is a bowel movement whichever comes first
how far apart should cots/mats for toddlers or preschoolers be spaced
3 feet
how far apart should cribs be spaced
3 feet
how much nap/rest time should be provided for preschoolers?
45 minutes
true or false: during a conference, subjective descriptors or labels (such as aggressive, lazy, and hyperactive) should be avoided
true
informal health checks should be completed
daily
Appropriate choices for young children include
" You may choose from art, the housekeeping area, or the puzzle table."
Caregivers should
- Be good listeners - Ask a lot of open-ended questions
To ensure safety, toys and equipment must meet
- Developmental needs of children - Current safety standards
Children need their own space in the classroom for their coat and other belongings because
- It promotes their positive self- concept - It helps maintain good health
At mealtime, a caregiver should
- Not insist that children finish all food on their plates - Not, not offer any dessert until all their food is finished - Not only offer dessert to the children who remained quiet at the table while eating
To extend a "teachable moment"
- Observe what is happening - Describe what is happening and ask open-ended questions - Let children come up with ideas about what they would like to do
What are not safe to place in a crib?
- Pillows - Bumpers - Fluffy blankets
A positive circle time experience includes
- Scheduling and planning beforehand - Interesting and active activities - Anticipating problems beforehand
The amount of adult supervision that is needed depends on
- The number of children in the group - The activity - The developmental needs of children who are present.
what temperature indicates a fever that a child should be excluded for?
-100 degrees orally -101 degrees under the arm
Some types of observations tools are
-Anectodal record - Running records and child interviews - Developmental checklists
Professional relationships with other staff include
-Attending professional development events together, such as conferences and workshops -Spending time planning cooperatively to meet the needs of the children. -Treating each other with respect
Classroom rules and rules for outdoor safety should be
-Few in number -Worded in simple terms, using pictures -Written in positive terms, saying what the children should be doing
The purpose of observing children is to
-Identify patterns of their growth and development - Provide the teachers with information so they can plan appropriate activities for the children
A developmentally appropriate group time
-Lasts only a short time - Gets the children actively involved - permits children to leave, if they wish
what do you do if you observe another teacher doing something that conflicts with what you have learned to be best practices
-express your concern calmly, in private - find out if theres an explanation - bring the information to your supervisor if there is harm being done to another person
Appropriate guidance techniques would include
-Planning to avoid problems with the use of space, placement and number of toys, and careful supervision. - Interacting with children in positive ways - Redirecting inappropriate behavior
Parent and teacher conflicts happen. A positive way to resolve them is to
-Practice active listening - Suggest the parents look over their copy of your programs parent handbook, referring to sections that may clear up misunderstanding and address the problem
Situations that reflect bias include
-Thanksgiving stories that depict Indians with war paint. - Halloween stories with pictures in which everything black is portrayed as scary
what is a family
-a group of two people or more related by birth, marriage or guardianship's/adoption most often residing together
teachers should teach children to sneeze and cough into
-a tissue -their elbow
transitions from one activity to another should
-be a learning opportunity - be completed in smaller groups, when possible
physical development occurs
-beginning with the head and ending with the feet -from the center of the body to the extremities
child abuse can cause
-behavior problems -low self-esteem -learning difficulties -abuse toward others
the best way to sanitize tables, counters and other surfaces is with
-bleach and water solution -other EPA approved, child-safe sanitizing products
according to NAEYC, which centers should be included when planning a preschool classroom?
-blocks, sand and water, pretend play -cooking, math and manipulative, science -art, music and movement, literacy
when a teacher has concerns about a child's development, her or she should refer the child to
-child development services (CDS) - the child's pediatrician
what should you do if you suspect that a child in your care is being abused?
-document observations -share concerns with your supervisor -report observations to DHHS
what is the best way to develop respectful relationships with families
-establish open communication by listening with respect to the family's needs and keeping each family informed - regard each other as equals who contribute to the partnership in different ways
observations are used to
-guide curriculum planning - inform parents about development - understand a child's behavior - assess the child's development
what records should be kept for each child in a locked file?
-immunizations -developmental screenings -hearing and vision exams
by promoting each child's physical health, teachers can help children to
-increase their attention span -increase academic success -feel confident and competent
what is a teachers role during outside time
-join in play -keep children safe
what are possible barriers to developing positive relationships with families
-language and/or culture - cultural differences - differing values
what is a subjective statement
-lola left the water table because she wanted to play with george - lola was sad because her dress got wet, so she left the water table
Ashley's mother has confided in her teacher that she is having financial difficulties. what is the best response from the teacher
-maintain confidentially and provide information about available resources
a child who is fearful of engaging in a physical activity can be encouraged through
-offering individual assistance -opportunities to practice -encouragement -modeling
who should you share a child's allergy information with?
-other teachers in your program -visitors
What are three things that need to be kept out of reach of preschool-aged children?
-over the counter medications - Window covering cords - Non-toxic cleaning solutions
An important part of a quality early childhood program is for caregivers to communicate with parents, some examples would be
-parent conferences - parent meetings - conversations at arrival and departure time
what community members do early childhood teachers work closely with
-parents -other teachers -school nurse - therapists
when parents have concerns about their own child, what do you do?
-provide books and/or activities that address the concern - refer the family to parenting classes and/or counseling (for the child or the family)
what do children learn through rountines
-self help skills -academic skills -social skills
Dylan's teacher is concerned about dylans language skills. what is the best way to approach dylans family with this concern?
-sett up a parent meeting and prepare observations and information about resources in advance
the best environment for non-mobile infants should include
-soft, comfortable areas to rest -soft toys within reach -pleasing things to look at, at eye level
what is the right thing to do when a family's cultural practices clash with our classroom practices
-talk to the parent and try to understand their culture - consider making accommodations for the child/family when possbile
A milestone of development is
A functional skills or task that most children can do at a certain age range
Who is the safest person (besides from a guardian or custodial parent) to release a child to at the end of the preschool day?
A neighbor authorized by the custodial parent or guardian
An example of a positive nonverbal communication is
A smile
true or false: unexpected "teachable moments" should be avoided in order to complete weekly curriculum plans
false
Children learn best when they
Actively participate
At what age is it safe to start applying sunblock to a child's skin?
After 6 months
Scribbling is
An early stage in the development of children's art and writing skills
You see a coworker leaving a group of napping children alone while she goes into the hallway. You decide to first
Approach her personally about your concerns
What should be under playground equipment to prevent injuries?
Approved shock-absorbing materials
A good early childhood practice is
Asking the children to pretend to be butterflies as they walk to the playground
An activity that develops small-motor skills would be
Bead stringing
true or false: usually it is not necessary to prepare for a conference in advance
false
You bring out a new toy fire truck for the children to play with today. The toddlers are having a hard time playing together with the truck, so you
Bring out a couple duplicates of this toy
true or false: what and how children learn during the first 5 years of life has no effect on the foundation for successful lifelong learning
false
The safest type of furnishings for preschoolers are
Child-sized
Children's artwork should be
Displayed at the children's eye level
Children' s artwork should
Emphasize the process rather than the product
A new child has just enrolled in your program. She is from china. Several of the children have approached you to say, "Mei Lee talks funny." You will
Explain to them that she is from another culture, speaks a different language, and is learning ours. Encourage them to help her learn words and to be a kind friend to her
true or false: when a parent cannot spend time in our program, there is little we can do to help them feel involved and informed
false
true or false: when an infant can hold their bottle on their own, they no longer need to be held for feedings
false
family style dining means
food is served in large serving bowls and children are encouraged to serve themselves, and pass the food to others
what are examples of developmentally appropriate gross motor skills?
scarves, bean bags, balls and ribbons
True or false: Infants should be soothed with a little honey on their pacifier
False
True or false: Outlets should be covered by safety caps only when infants are present
False
True or false: minimal screen time is developmentally appropriate part of the day for toddlers in a child care setting
False
True or false: teachers are responsible for checking for indoor safety hazards, only
False
When talking with a child, the caregiver should
Get down to the child's eye level
You want children to learn the rules of conversation, so you
Give them practice talking, listening, and responding in casual conversation as you sit with them at the lunch table
what are the four areas of ethical responsibility that are outlines in the code of ethical conduct
children, families, colleagues and community
The children have been asking for the same book to be read at story time everyday for the past week. You will
Happily reread it, because you know children benefit from repetition
An open-ended question
Has no right or wrong answer
The first- aid kit should be kept
In an easily accessible location, clearly marked, and out of the reach of children
A parent has expressed concern that her son is spending too much time in your program "just playing". A good response to her concern would be to
Invite her into the classroom to observe the children in order to understand what they are learning as they play
Frequent hand washing is important because
It keeps germs from spreading
Why do you give children a warning before activities are about to change
It provides them time to finish up an activity
Children's play materials should be
Kept on low, open shelves
If your building was built before 1978, it should be checked by a professional for
Lead
What materials are appropriate for preschoolers to prepare them for reading?
Magnetic letters, a well- stocked book corner, and reading to them everyday
A new child has enrolled who has a physical disability. So that she will feel welcomed, you will
Make any adaptions to the indoor and outdoor environment necessary so she can fully participate in activities to the greatest extent possible
Another activity that develops small-motor skills would be
Manipulating play-dough
In order to keep children safe, toys and materials must be
Non-toxic and non-flammable
Coloring books, ABC worksheets, and offering sample artwork are
Not developmentally appropriate
What is the best position for a child to be placed in their crib?
On their back
Where should dangerous substances, such as medicine and cleaning products, be kept?
Out of reach of children
A creative arts project is
Painting with orange and black paint on white paper
A writing center for preschoolers should include
Pencils, paper, markers, envelopes, an old typewriter, and pieces of old mail
The best example of an open- ended material would be
Unit blocks
Experience charts, labeling items in the room, and making lots of books available are all examples of
Practices that support emergent literacy
what is the constructivist theory
concept that children construct their own knowledge through engagement with their surroundings
Two boys want the same truck to haul blocks across the room. One boy goes to the housekeeping area and gets a basket. This is an example of
Problem solving
Exits should be
Properly marked and free of barriers
You want the children to learn cooperation, so you
Provide activities that require taking turns, sharing materials, and solving problems together
A good technique for dealing with favorite toys is to
Provide duplicates of them
Marcy came to school today with an angry, negative mood. You can see that this may soon erust into physical aggression. The best way to deal with this would be
Provide her with an activity that will help to diffuse her angry feelings, such as working with play dough or throwing sponge balls at a target
When arranging a classroom, a teacher should
Put related activities near each other
You find that it is becoming difficult to keep the children engaged during circle time. You should
Re-evaluate the length of time you are expecting the children to stay at circle time and whether the kinds of activities you are providing are interesting to them
Positive ways to involve parents in the program include
Reading stories
Gross- motor skills refer to skills that
Require children to make large movements with their bodies
Fine- motor skills refer to skills that
Require children to work with their hands and fingers
A parent has confided in you that her husband has left her and she is upset and unsure what will happen next. The best way to proceed would be to
Respect the parents privacy by keeping the information confidential and offer her a list of community agencies she might find helpful at this time
When you are preparing an environment for children, what should always be considered first?
Safety of the children
You are aware that many of the children watch a great deal of TV and videos at home. You would like the parents to support their children's development at home instead of relying on screen media. You will
Send home books and activity packets that the children can enjoy with their families
You plan to take a walk through the neighborhood to the fire station tomorrow. To prepare for this trip you will
Sit down and explain the trip to the children, reviewing the procedures for safely crossing the street, staying close to the teachers, and other safety rules
One of the children is having a tantrum just as circle time is beginning. The best way to proceed would be
Stay close to the child and explain to the others that she is having a hard time right now but will be alright in a few minutes. Let your co-teacher start the circle time
Andrew often hits and bites other children. After doing so, he laughs and runs off. He doesn't seem to realize he is hurting them. You will
Stop the behavior immediately and attend to the hurt child. Then get down on Andrew's level, pointing out and labeling the feelings of the child he has hurt
You are out on the playground with twelve preschool-age children. One of the children says he needs to use the restroom, so you
Take the child and half of the other children into the building
Preschoolers will use shocking language. An appropriate response would be
Telling the child that such language is not appropriate
A child needs help blowing his nose. You will help him use a tissue and then
You wash your hands and ask the child to wash their hands as well
Safety regulations are established by
The department of health and human services
Child abuse and neglect reporting is the responsibility of
The person who observed the incident
bronfenbrenners ecological theory can be described as
a theory that examines the impact of children's social environments on their development
what is a time sample
a tool that documents events in pre-determined time increments. can involve the whole group or one child
True or false: A toddler can drown in a toilet in only 2 minutes
True
What is another activity that is creative?
Using musical instruments with a CD that tells children when to play the instruments
A creative activity is
Using play dough
Children should be provided with these items for washing their hands
Warm water, liquid soap, and paper towels
the process involved in executive function include
confidence, curiosity and self- control
You have a small budget to use for purchasing materials for your classroom. When choosing, you will first consider
Whether the materials are developmentally appropriate, are mostly open-ended, and will enable the children to experience success.
What is one thing that should be out of reach of young children?
Window blind cords
what is an anecdotal record
a brief description of an incident involving one or more children
what is an example of a schema
a child refers to a cow as a horse because it has four legs and a tail
a mentor is
a colleague in a similar role that may help to guide a less -experiences teacher in their role
what is a running record
a description of children's behavior/activity recorded objectively, accurately, and chronologically over a specific length of time
what is a schema
a mental concept that informs a person about what to expect form a variety of experiences and situations
what is a reflection, in regard to teaching practices
a process of observation and self-evaluation
what is the safest place for an infant to sleep
crib
what information about families should be held in confidence
all information
bleach and water solution should be prepared
daily
what is a yes environment
an environment in which children are given the opportunity to explore freely, while remaining safe from hazards
what is an objective observation
an observation that does not evaluate or judge behavior, actions or skills
what is a work sample
an observation that provides an example of a child's work/play activity. can be a photograph of the child at play, a sample of artwork, or a writing sample
what is not a consideration when planning an environment for non-mobile infants
art materials at child's reach
reflection makes teachers better able to
assess their own teaching practices and their level of professionalism
what is the most effective way to advocate for children
attend town meetings and ensure that early childhood issues get on the agendas.
what are not examples of materials that encourage fine motor development
balls, bean bags and targets
what does ethical mean
being in accordance with the rules or standards for right conduct or practice, especially the standards of a profession
at what age is it appropriate for children to start learning how to use the toilet
between 2 and 3
what is a sign of physical abuse
bite marks
when an infant is not interested in finishing a prepared bottle, what should a child care provider do with the remainder of the bottle's contents (breast milk or formula?)
discard it
professional relationships are an important part of working with young children primarily because
effective team communication produces better outcomes for the child
unstructured play
encourages gross motor skills
gross motor activities should be scheduled
every day
curriculum is
everything that happens in the classroom, including activities, interactions, schedule and routines
One of the greatest factors that causes SIDS is
exposure to second hand smoke
True or false: children should be required to finish the food on their plate
false
True or false: infants who are not old enough to have sunblock applied should not be allowed to go outside
false
True or false: it is not appropriate for teachers to plan lessons around health and nutrition because it is the family's job to impact their own values about health and nutrition to their children
false
True or false: it is safe to warm formula in a microwave, but not breast milk
false
true or false: all art materials should be kept out of reach when working with toddlers
false
true or false: coloring books and worksheets are a developmentally appropriate teaching tool for preschoolers
false
true or false: cots or mats should be arranged so that children sleep head to head, toe to toe
false
true or false: executive function is not an important factor in regard to success in school
false
true or false: food should be used as rewards and/or punishments
false
true or false: if a child is showing symptoms that may be contagious, teachers should refrain from touching them
false
true or false: if a teacher observes one of the signs of abuse, the child is definitely in danger and should be removed from the home
false
true or false: in regard to appearance, it is important to dress everyday as if you are going on an interview
false
true or false: independence should always be encouraged, expect for children with special needs
false
true or false: individual needs and interests do not need to be considered when choosing materials for the whole group
false
true or false: lesson plans should be delivered in the same manner to every child, with the same levels of support
false
true or false: materials should reflect just one race and/or culture, in order to create less confusion for refugee and immigrant families
false
true or false: once teachers complete their CDA, there is no need for additional training and/or coursework
false
true or false: parent observations have no place in a parent/ teacher conference
false
true or false: relationships with families are less important than the relationships we build with children
false
true or false: sensory play is not an important part of preschool curriculum
false
true or false: shaming is a necessary component of toilet learning
false
true or false: shirts or hates with profanity or inappropriate imagery are acceptable for teachers to wear in preschool environments because the children cannot yet read
false
true or false: short skirts are okay to wear to work if you avoid sitting on the floor
false
true or false: teacher observations are not used to plan curriculum
false
true or false: teachers should avoid getting dirty at work
false
true or false: teachers should individualize curriculum only when there are no specific curriculum plans for the week
false
true or false: teachers should lead, not participate in movement activities
false
what is not an appropriate part of the schedule for infants
group meetings
what words should be avoided when completing observations
happy, sad, selfish and excited
family-style meals are offered in order to
help to model healthy eating habits and build positive relationships with food
What is the number one choking hazard for young children?
hot dogs
what does IEP stand for
individualized education plan
what is scaffolding in regard to education
introducing new information by extending up what the child already knows
what is an inappropriate form of parent involvment
invite parents to revise our parent handbook
what do children need most in order to develop cognitive skills to the best of their ability
loving, caring adults and opportunities for play
the best environment for mobile infants should include
low, secure railings
manipulative movement means
movement involving moving an object from one place to another
loco motor means
movement that gets you from one place to another
stability movement means
movement that requires and enhances balancing skills
what does NAEYC stand for
national association of the education of young children
when is it appropriate to share information with parents about other families and their children
never
when is it okay to place an infant in their crib on their stomach for nap time?
never
how many inches of cleavage are appropriate to be exposed at work
none
when is it okay to post images of children on the internet?
only on a program based website, and only with parental consent
formal meetings with parents include
parent/teacher conferences, parent meetings, home visits, and workshops
according to howard gardners theory of multiple intelligence's, what is true
people's intelligence is multi-faceted, not a one- dimensional measure of verbal and/or mathematical skill
what factor does not need to be considered when planning an indoor environment for preschoolers
placement of adult furniture
what is a sign of neglect
poor hygiene
what is not an example of sensory materials
pretend play food
what is cognitive development
process of acquiring intelligence and increasingly advance thought and problem, solving ability from infancy to adulthood
what is a good example of practices that encourage reflection
regularly observing children
what is a sign of emotional abuse
sleeping problems
what type of body language portrays a positive attitude
smiling, making eye contact, and maintaining good posture
What materials and equipment should be cleaned and sanitized daily?
surfaces (tables and counter tops)
what is self regulation
the ability to control one's behavior, emotions and thinking
what is empathy
the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person
whose job is it to investigate suspected child abuse
the department of health and human services
erik eriksons theory describes a stage of development called trust vs. mistrust. what is an accurate description of this stage?
the development of an infants ability to trust the adults around them and the world in which they live
piagets sensorimotor period describes
the development of the coordination of sensory input and motor responses
what is the main consideration in setting an infants sleep schedule?
the infants personal rhythms of sleeping and waking
what does executive function mean
the mental processes needed to connect past experience with present action
what is early intervention?
the process of identifying unique learning needs at an early age, and creating a learning plan to best support the child
what is a blended family
the product of a divorcee and/or breakup and new partner-ships
what is a rapport
the quality of the relationship or connection built with one or more people
what is autonomy
the state of acting or existing separately from others
which staff members have authority to administer medication?
those who have completed the medication administration training
what is intentionality , in regard to teaching
to act purposefully, with a goal in mind and a plan for accomplishing it
why do supervisors provide employees with feedback
to help you improve your performance
what is the primary reason why we observe children
to learn about how children develop
what is advocacy
to speak or write in favor of; support or urge by argument; recommend publicly
what is a sign of sexual abuse
toileting issues
True or false: teachers should help children understand safety rules, even when they are non--school related
true
true or false: a supervisor who does not provide feedback for employees regarding their performance is not doing their job
true
true or false: according to NAEYC, children who are ill, or unable to sit to remain with the group should not be forced to do so
true
true or false: according to maslows hierarchy of needs , children whose physical needs are not being met will have trouble developing positive self esteem
true
true or false: children should be emotional and intellectually ready, in addition to physically ready, before learning to use the toilet
true
true or false: development of the senses is part of physical development
true
true or false: even if you have many concerns about a child's behavior and/or development, a parent/teacher conference should always end on a positive note
true
true or false: everyday routines such as folding napkins, getting ready to go outside, and washing paint brushes are good opportunities for children to develop fine motor skills
true
true or false: fine motor activities can be planned for each area of the classroom (art, literacy, dramatic play, blocks,science, math and manipulative, and sand and water)
true
true or false: if possible, an interpreter should be provided for any families who are not fluent in english
true
true or false: intentional teachers ask themselves questions to ensure that they are meeting the educational needs of all the children
true
true or false: it is developmentally appropriate to demonstrate physical tasks such as cutting with scissors, throwing/catching a ball
true
true or false: kinship care is when extended family or close family friends care for the child(ren), rather than the parents
true
true or false: materials should be developmentally appropriate for children ages 6 months below the youngest child in the group, and 6 months older than the oldest child in the group
true
true or false: one step in enrolling a new family and helping them to feel welcomed is to provide them with a packet of information that reviews our program policies and procedures
true
true or false: one way teachers stay engaged is by continuing with their professional development
true
true or false: parents should be considered partners in the education of their child
true
true or false: riding a tricycle around cones is a developmentally appropriate activity for preschoolers
true
true or false: self-regulation is linked with future success in school
true
true or false: skirts should be long enough to allow teachers to able to sit on the floor, criss-cross applesauce, without showing anyone their private parts
true
true or false: spontaneous, unplanned form of learning is a part of quality curriculum
true
true or false: toddlers are capable of playing with blocks
true
what is the healthiest meal option for preschoolers?
turkey and cheese sandwich on whole wheat bread, lettuce and tomatoes, sliced peaches, and milk
what is a nuclear family
two married adults and their children
what is object performance
understanding that an object exists even when you can no longer see it
what is the correct sequence of steps when washing hands?
wet hands, apply soap, wash for twenty seconds, rinse, dry, turn off water using paper towel
individually curriculum is
when teachers modify lesson plans based on the needs and interests of individual children
what is not an important consideration when planning a parent/teacher conference
whether or not the parent is volunteering their time in the program