CDEM2 PRE-ASSESS, SEC1, SEC2
Syntax
GRAMMAR. It has to do with the rules that determine how words are combined in phrases and sentences and how meaning is influenced or enhanced. Knowledge of syntax involves the understanding of the functions of words, or the parts of speech, and their relation to other words to comprehend oral and written language and to produce it.
Oral language development is highly correlated to:
Literacy achievement
A third-grade student is having difficulty reading and spelling words with multiple syllables. As the teacher is working on syllables, he notices that the student isn't able to chunk the word into syllables during oral language activities. Which language component seems to be impacted?
Phonology
____________________ pertains to the sounds of our language and the rules that govern how sounds are combined to form words.
Phonology
5 Components of Oral Language
Phonology: Sounds, Morphology: Meaning, Semantics: Vocabulary, Syntax, Grammar, Pragmatics: Function
pragmatics
Rules how language and words can be used is also a system
syntax
Rules that words have to be placed in a specific order
_______________________is knowledge of word meanings and how to use words for specific purposes and contexts.
Semantics
A kindergarten teacher asks a student to say the word yesterday in parts (yes-ter-day). Which level of phonological awareness is being assessed?
Syllable level
A kindergarten student who is learning English as a second language is telling his teacher and friends about his family. While he's talking, he is forming sentences like, "He have hair brown. He go to school big. He have a baby. He not working home. Me go to here school." Which of the language components seems to be most impacted for this student?
Syntax
Phonemic awareness is primarily:
The ability to recognize and manipulate the individual sounds in spoken language.
The terms onset and rime refer to:
The two parts of a syllable: the initial consonant or consonants and the vowel and any final consonants
semantics
Words and words in combinations that have meanings
Academic language is
a subset of oral language that can be oral or written and is the language used for communicative purposes in school. It is the language of school texts and assessments and is used during classroom experiences.
Pragmatics
he function or purpose of oral or written language. When we produce words, phrases, or sentences, we select and combine them for a purpose. Understanding the function of language helps us learn word meanings and select an appropriate word that matches the function.
To better understand language components and their impact on literacy, I should:
~Be able to identify examples of all the language components, ~Understand the underlying skills involved in language components and how they relate to the reading process, ~Determine how to best support all my students to maximize how language can facilitate reading development
Bloom and Lahey define language as
"a code whereby ideas about the world are represented through a conventional system of arbitrary signals for communication"
Identify the pair of voiced and unvoiced consonant sounds:
/b/, /p/
A phoneme is:
A single speech sound
Language Comprehension includes
Background knowledge, Vocabulary knowledge, Language structures, Verbal knowledge, Literacy knowledge
Laying Down the Building Blocks
Basic vocabulary and grammar are clearly essential to comprehension because each enables understanding of words and their interrelationships in and across individual sentences in a text
Academic language is a subset of oral language that can be oral or written and is the language of:
Both school texts and assessments
Making a Difference: The Teacher's Role in Literacy Development
Combining shared book reading along with other language activities with explicit decoding instruction in the context of a supportive and responsive classroom, can make the difference between a child whose literacy development is at or above standards or one who struggles with reading, writing, and literacy throughout his or her K-12 education
Which of the following is NOT part of the language comprehension strand according to the Scarborough Reading Rope model?
Decoding and spelling
Simple View of Reading
DxLC=RC
Helping Children "Crack the Code"
Emphasize the importance of print knowledge, phonological processing abilities and oral language skills as important predictors of later literacy skills, and with evidence that teaching these early on can have long-term benefits.
As a first-grade teacher, you want to determine if your students have acquired the necessary phonological awareness skills necessary to apply the alphabetic principle to decoding and encoding. You would probably assess all of the following EXCEPT:
Identifying the first word in a spoken sentence
Assessing Early Stage Development
In the early grades, for example, reading comprehension depends heavily on emerging word-reading skills. In the later grades, however, reading comprehension assessments contain more difficult passages that require more complex mental models.
Which of the words below have a one-letter onset and a four-letter rime?
Mouth
Word Recognition includes
Phonological Awareness, Decoding (and Spelling), Sight Recognition
A first-grade student writes the word fan for van and lof for love. Which language component is impacting this student:
Phonology
How many phonemes are in each of the following words: bat, choke, mouth.
Three
Sounds in which the vocal cords are used are called:
Voiced
Why should we assess phonological awareness?
We should assess phonological awareness to determine where the student is performing in the sequence of phonological awareness skills in order to plan instruction.
Phonology
When a reader struggles with remembering the word Ngoro after reading it and hearing it, what language system is not working?
Semantics
When considering what the phrase, "It's raining cats and dogs out" means, what language system is activated?
Discourse
When differentiating between the organization of text structures, namely narrative and expository, hwat language system is activated?
Morphology
When given the Latin root, -ject and then asked to generate words containing the root, what primarty system is activated?
Phonetics
When helping an EL student pronounce the difference between the /sh/ and the /ch/ sound, what language system is activated?
Syntax
When placing words in the correct order in a sentence, what language system is being activated?
Semantics
When supporting Spanish speaking EL students word learning in the classroom, the teacher prepares by finding cognates for known words and clear conceptual links.
Pragmatics
When using awareness of the use of language and how it is used in social contexts, what language system is being activated?
Which has correctly separated the word blend into the onset and the rime?
Which has correctly separated the word blend into the onset and the rime?
Semantics
knowledge of word meanings and how to use words for specific purposes and contexts. As students learn about new words, they begin to form connections between words and develop conceptual understanding. They learn that there are specific words that fit in a context as well as classes of words.
Oral language includes
listening, speaking, opportunities for conversation and vocabulary development
Morphology
relates to the individual words or word parts that convey meaning. It is the study of morphemes, or smallest unit of meaning, and how these can be combined to create words.
Language is made up of
systems, and the speakers of a language understand the rules that govern the production of sounds, words, and sentences and when to use them
Oral language is
the ability to produce or comprehend spoken language. It is the system through which we use spoken words to express knowledge, ideas, and feelings
Phonology
the sounds of our language and the rules that govern how sounds are combined to form words. Sound units vary in size, but the smallest unit of sound is the phoneme, an individual sound. There are between 42 and 44 individual sounds in the English language.
