Cell and Transportation Mechanisms

In __________ processes, the cell provides energy in the form of ATP to power the transport process.

Active

hypertonic solution

Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water

What major function occurs on the specific membranes indicated by (rough er)?

synthesis of proteins

Which of the following would require an input of energy?

vesicular transport

Phagacytosis

Process of "cellular eating". consumes particle and becomes a vacuole.

hypotonic solution

Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water

receptor-mediated endocytosis

The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.

A passive process, __________ is the movement of solute molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.

diffusion

The plasma membrane not only provides a protective boundary for the cell but also determines which substances enter or exit the cell. We call this characteristic __________.

selective permeability

During overhydration, sodium ions move out of the cell into the extracellular fluid. What is the effect on cell shape?

shrinking

What process is indicated by C?

exocytosis of secretory proteins

Which solution in a test tube would work best in extracting DNA from cheek cells for analysis?

hypotonic

IPMAT

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

A solution surrounding a cell is hypertonic if __________.

it contains more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell

Pinocytosis

process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment

When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.

Chromatin

isotonic solution

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution

Diffusion (Passive Process)

the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Osmosis (passive process)

water moves down its concentration gradient. the movement of a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.