CELL FUNCTION (MBHW)
active transport
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient
Hypertonic
Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution. SHRINKS CELLS
Hypotonic
Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution. SWELLS CELLS
Which one of the following is an example of osmosis?
Water enters a plant by passing through the root cell membranes.
When molecules move down their concentration gradient, they move from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated. Diffusion across a biological membrane is called passive transport.
When molecules move down their concentration gradient, they move from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated. Diffusion across a biological membrane is called passive transport.
The sodium-potassium pump uses energy from ATP to move sodium ions out of the cell, and potassium ions into the cell. This is an example of
active transport.
Active transport ________.
can involve the transport of ions.
The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell. This describes the process of
endocytosis.
When two solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will ________.
exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration
Specialized cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. Which process could be responsible for its secretion?
exocytosis
A molecule moves down its concentration gradient using a transport protein in the plasma membrane. This is an example of
facilitated diffusion.
Diffusion
form of passive transport, molecules move across the plasma membrane by crossing the lipid bilayer.
A plant cell placed in a(n) _____ solution will lose water and plasmolyze.
hypertonic
There is a net diffusion of water out of an animal cell when it is placed in a(n) ___ solution.
hypertonic
You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because it _____.
hypertonic solution ... lost water
An animal cell placed in a(n) ____ solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst.
hypotonic
The ideal osmotic environment for a plant cell is a(n) _____environment.
hypotonic
A plant cell surrounded by a(n) ____solution will be flaccid (limp).
isotonic
The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is a(n) _____ environment.
isotonic
A cell that neither gains nor loses a net amount of water at equilibrium when it is immersed in a solution is ________.
isotonic to its environment
In active transport,
molecules move across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient.
What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane?
osmosis
Diffusion is an example of ________.
passive transport
Which one of the following terms is sometimes called "cell eating"?
phagocytosis, In phagocytosis, a cell engulfs a particle and packages it within a food vacuole.
Endocytosis
process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane
facilitated diffusion
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through a transport protein. form of passive transport.
Exocytosis
release of substances out a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane.
Water crosses the plasma membrane
through facilitated diffusion or diffusion.
A balloon that is permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which statement correctly classifies the solutions?
The solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker.