Cell Organelle Functions Match Up

Organelle

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Mitochondria

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Assembles membrane lipids and detoxifies the cell of drugs; no ribosomes on this organelle.

Ribosome

Assembles proteins; free ribosomes make proteins that will stay in the cell. Attached ribosomes (attached to the ER) make proteins that will be transported out of the cell.

Lysosome

Contains digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down materials within a cell

Nucleus

DNA is found in the nucleus, RNA is also made here; controls the cells activites

Cell Membrane

Double layer of phospholipids (lipid bilayer) that surrounds the cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Cytoskeleton

Helps maintain cell shape. Its primary importance is in cell motility. It makes the cell move internally and externally.

Cytoplasm

Part of the cell that is outside the nucleus; contains organelles

Centriole

Play a role in mitosis (cell division), in animal cels only - Ring of nine groups of fused microtubules. Three microtubles in each group. These are part of the cytoskeleton.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Proteins are made on the endoplasmic reticulum's ribosomes. They are collected inside the endoplasmic reticulum and transported throughout the cell. Transports and modifies organelles, highway for cell.

Vacuoles

Store waste products, nutrients, and water. In plant cells it also store nutrients, and regulates turgor pressure in the cell.

Cell Wall

Thick outer layer in plant cells. Made of the carbohydrate cellulose. It maintains the shape of these cells and creates a protective barrier. Fluid collects in the plant cell's vacuole and pushes against it, creating turgor pressure. Also found in fungi, algae, and some bacteria.

Nucleolus

This produces ribosomes and is NOT a "regular" organelle; found in the nucleus

Chloroplast

Use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. Found in plant cells and some protists. They reflect green light while absorbing all other colors.

Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Bodies

modifies, sorts, and packages proteins

Chromatin/Chromosomes

plant and animal cell: strands that contain the genetic material that tells the cell how to function.