CFS 31 Exam #3

How has no-fault divorce laws affected the number of divorces.

-"no fault divorce"- under which one spouse could obtain a divorce even if the other spouse objected. -Divorce is an acceptable option for people who feel personally unfulfilled -A sharp rise in divorce in the 1960s and 1970s and to the growth of cohabitation starting in that era.

What is the modern welfare state and how does it treat husbands and fathers and wives and mothers.

-A capitalist government that has enacted numerous measures to protect workers and their families from the harshness of the capitalist system -In terms of the feminist theory, the development of the welfare state has been "gendered" -Reformers campaigned, without much success for law that would require employers to pay male workers enough so they could support their families -Women organizations campaigned for protective legislation

What effects do girls from stepfamilies experience

-Children, especially girls, in stepparent families leave households at an earlier age than children in single-parent-or two parent households -Leave or either marry or establish an independent household -Caused by: -disruption of the mother-daughter bond -Presence of the mother's sexual partner whose relationships to the daughter is ambiguous

What are the statistic of divorced women and remarriage

-Custodial mothers are most affected when they end a relationship with the fathers of their children -Do not receive child support -Incomes tend to drop sharply

Liberals are in favor of what

-Government should assist all families equally -Favor and support expansions of existing programs -Propose new programs -Advocated more support for: -Employed parents -Child care policies -All family forms are acceptable -Liberals believe that the breadwinner-homemaker family form is unjustifiable restricts women's autonomy

What do the vast majority of parents in the United States think of spanking

-Hitting children is the most tolerated form of family violence -Nearly all parents spank or slap their children at some point

How are stepfathers involved in their stepchildren's lives in general

-Household income increases and standard of living improves -Stepparent adds a second adult to the home -Children in stepfamilies do not do as well as those in two-biological parent families -20 percent of children in stepfamilies had clinically significant behavioral problems, compared to 10 percent of children in first-marriage families

Who receives government assistance:

-Most American families, including middle-class families, receive government assistance.

What is the percentage of fathers and mothers that head single parent families.

-Most single parents are headed by mothers, the number of single fathers has been growing. Between 1980 and 2015, the number of single fathers living with their own children under 18 increased from 690,000 to 1.9 million

What is the Earned Income Tax Credit and who is eligible

-Refundable tax credit to low-income families with children in which at least one parent is employed -Even if no taxes are due, families will still receive a check for the value of the credit if they file a return -One of the main antipoverty programs -Applies to not only to dual-earner, two parent families but also to breadwinner-homemaker families

What are the current statistics of rape or sexual assault by an intimate partner

-Serious but nonfatal intimate partner violence against women (rape or sexual assault, robbery, or aggravated assault) declined by 72 percent between 1994 and 2011.

How are stepfamilies created and how do they make them work

-Stepfamily: House in which two adults are married or cohabiting at at least one has a child present from a previous marriage or relationship -Household income increases and standard of living improves -Stepparent adds a second adult to the home

What are the statistics of teenage marriages and divorce

-Teenage marriage: People who marry as teenagers have a greater likelihood of divorce than those who postpone marriage.

How does a child's age affect adjustment to step family life

-The experience of parental union dissolution could potentially affect the well-being of children: their emotional and behavioral development, their school achievement. their long-term mental health, or the work and family lives they out when they reach adulthood.

Who is the victim in most instances of domestic violence

-Woman more likely to report being victimized by an intimate partner -Chance of a woman being victimized was 36 percent as of 2010 -Woman face greater risk of being injured by someone they know well than men do -Women who are separated but not divorced report the highest levels of violence in relationships may have caused the separation

How do racial ethnic groups compromise families in poverty

African American and Hispanic families remain much more likely to be poor than white families, although African American poverty, shows its historic highs. -14.9% of white families with children under 18 were poor, 27.8% of Hisapanic families and 31.7 percent of African American families.

Legally, what relationship do stepparents have with their stepchildren.

Unless a stepparent has legally adopted a stepchild, they likely have no legal right to make decisions on behalf of the child's well-being. They have no say in the child's medical decisions, who has access to the child, or educational decisions regarding the child.

The Social Security Act of 1935 followed the division of labor implicit in the family wage system and who was it intended to provide pensions

Working males

Is there a difference in violence between husbands and wives

family violence found that there was little difference in the rate of violence between husbands and wives.

According to Cherlin what is the debate over marriage promotion and what does it include

keeping the family wage system working

Historically who retains legal and physical custody of their children after divorce

mothers retain legal and physical custody of their children.

Conservatives are in favor of what

the breadwinner-homemaker, family wage system model -Defend and encourage heterosexual, marriage-based families -Encourage women to marry and men to provide -Most compensation was designed with men in mind -Income tax also supported the system

What is the "sleeper effect"

the phenomenon whereby individuals who previously showed positive recovery following childhood parental divorce later exhibit adjustment difficulties in young adulthood stemming from the earlier experience of parental divorce

What are two kinds of conflicts that underlie much of the controversy and discussion of major public issues concerning the family in the United States

women's employment and childhood poverty.

A fundamental premise of the original Social Security System was that the recipients

would be primarily men.