CH 04 TEST (96%)

Sharon is 60 and has experienced slowness of thought over the last year. She goes to her doctor to discuss why this is. Her doctor is most likely to tell her that slowed mental processes are a result of

shrinking frontal lobes.

When his sister becomes pregnant, Graham gives her a mini-lesson in prenatal care based on what he learned in his introductory psychology class. He should tell her all of the following EXCEPT that

teratogens work on recessive genes to affect prenatal child development.

In front of Chris, Tasha pours the same amount of water into both a short, fat glass and a tall, thin glass. She then asks Chris which glass has more water. If Chris is 10 years old, he is most likely to answer

that they have the same amount of water.

Ernst is jealous that several of his friends are going through puberty but he has not started yet. He eagerly keeps checking for signs that his body is changing. Ernst knows he should eventually experience all of the following EXCEPT

the development of a more rounded jaw.

Elaine travels around the world observing how children learn language. Elaine has written a book to relate her findings in which she discusses the fact that

the first words are used to identify objects or are simple action words.

Given what Naomi knows about physical development across the life span, which of the following people does she suspect will be the LEAST healthy at age 70?

Carson, who squints at his computer and listens to loud music on his iPod

Angela works at a nursing home and notices some distinct differences among her patients. Which of her patients is LEAST likely to have Alzheimer's?

John, who has no genetic predisposition and goes dancing with his friends twice a week

Lila is not an alcoholic and never drinks to excess. However, she does have wine with dinner every evening. When Lila is two weeks pregnant, she asks you whether this can injure her baby. What correct response can you give her?

She should stop drinking wine completely until after the baby is born.

Which of the following developmental researchers believed that some of our mental functions can be shaped by our social and cultural contexts?

Vygotsky

When Kate's grandma leans over the crib with a toy in her hand, eight-month-old Kate grasps it and pulls on it. When Kate's mom hangs a set of animals across the crib, Kate reaches up, grabs them, and pulls them down. Kate seems to be working on ________ for grasping and pulling.

a reflex (WRONG)

The first cell of new life, which is created from the union of the sperm and the egg, is known as

a zygote

Paul is babysitting Pamela for the first time. When Pamela's mom leaves, Pamela cries. When her mom returns, Pamela reaches for her but then pushes away from her. Paul assumes Pamela has a(n) ________ attachment.

ambivalent

Helen keeps her new baby boy well fed and clean. However, she does not want to spoil him, so she does not hold him or touch him too much. After reading about Harry Harlow's research, Helen now knows that

babies need to be touched and held to develop normally

Your best friend had a baby two weeks ago. She is excited because the baby smiled at birth, and she believes that the smiling indicated attachment. You know the truth is that

babies typically do not show social smiles until 4 to 6 weeks of age.

The ________ domain relates to how we think, reason, and communicate.

cognitive

Taylor was in a car accident when she was six months pregnant. Her doctors are worried that the accident may have caused problems with prenatal development because she is in the ________ period.

fetal

Rachel is about to retire from her successful job as a high school teacher, has several grandchildren now in college, and is excited about picking up some hobbies with her newfound free time. Erikson would argue that Rachel is most likely experiencing

generativity.

Claudia has been feeling ill for a couple weeks and finds out she is two weeks pregnant. Up to this point, her baby has been in the ________ period of development, and the ________ has begun to form.

germinal; placenta

When she received an emergency call from work, Arlene had to bring her nine-month-old son, Danvas, to their next-door neighbor Mrs. Adjei's house. Although Danvas knew Mrs. Adjei, he had never been left in her care, and he began crying as Arlene was leaving. According to attachment researchers, Danvas was crying because

his mother was not around.

Recently, Toafik has started to squint to see clearly and has noticed that his body does not process alcohol or junk food very well. What period of adulthood is Toafik most likely experiencing?

middle adulthood

Nadia knows that a substance's quantity does not change, even when its form does. Based on this, Nadia is most likely ________ years old.

nine

Janice is learning about the alphabet and how to read, but she is struggling to make the s and z sounds. Janice is having difficulty with

phonemes.

Which of the following domains of development relates to changes in levels of hormones and growth of the body, including the brain?

physical domain

Mr. Baidy was talking to his neighbor in the retirement community where they live. While they were discussing plans for the community's annual summer party, Mr. Baidy felt like he was forgetting one of the tasks they needed to complete. Which of the following is the best term that describes Mr. Baidy's forgetfulness?

senior moment

Brian has three children with very different personality traits. Even with such different personality traits, Brian sees strong maturation effects. Which of the following has Brian most likely observed?

All three children learned to walk at about 12 months of age.

Dr. Woolston is interested in studying teenagers' social lives and the challenges they face. Dr. Woolston should consult with his colleague ________, who would argue that the main difficulty teenagers face is forming a sense of ________.

Erikson; identity

Your aunt, who has several bad habits, recently found out she is pregnant. What is the best advice you can give her?

Quit drinking and smoking immediately.

When trying to explain Piaget's theory of development to his roommate, Martin correctly states that development

consists of a series of qualitatively different stages of cognitive ability.

Changes in terms of how we understand ourselves, interact with others, and experience and regulate emotions are part of the ________ domain.

socio-emotional

Gretchen is excited when her son Brian demonstrates that he has developed theory of mind and will now be able to

understand that his mom has intentions that guide her actions.