Ch 1, 2, 4, 5, 12 Evolve
A nurse demonstrates cultural competence by using statements such as: "I know how you feel." "Tell me about your health care beliefs." "Let me show you the way you should do this." "You can do things in a more modern way now."
"Tell me about your health care beliefs."
Congress-supported categorical funding has produced what negative effect on the delivery of health care services? Beginning of 2-year associate's degree programs in nursing. A reduction in comprehensive community health programs End of insurance company support for visiting nurses. Rise in hospital-based care.
A reduction in comprehensive community health programs
What was the initial impact of African-American nurses working in the public health setting? (SATA) African-American nurses in the South were paid less than their white counterparts. African-American nurses held supervisory roles. Public health nursing certificate and graduate education programs were segregated in the South. Nursing education for southern nurses was provided through free educational grants. Study outside the South for southern nurses was difficult to afford and study leaves from the workplace were rarely granted.
African-American nurses in the South were paid less than their white counterparts. Public health nursing certificate and graduate education programs were segregated in the South. Study outside the South for southern nurses was difficult to afford and study leaves from the workplace were rarely granted.
The public health nurse deals with the examination of a community setting to determine the community's health status. Which of the following activities should be considered in the assessment phase? (SATA) Assisting communities to implement and evaluate plans and projects Building constituencies to work with the community Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information Evaluating the social, economic, and environmental characteristics of the population Questioning the availability of health services to the community
Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information Evaluating the social, economic, and environmental characteristics of the population Questioning the availability of health services to the community
Which of the following factors assisted such community-oriented nursing pioneers as Lillian Wald to develop approaches and programs to solve the health care and social problems of the late 1800s? (SATA) Community health's focus on teaching and prevention Establishment of settlement houses Establishment of the Town and Country Nursing Services in large cities Lack of public interest in limiting disease Middle and upper class fear of diseases
Community health's focus on teaching and prevention Establishment of settlement houses Middle and upper class fear of diseases
A nurse planning a smoking cessation clinic for adolescents in the local middle schools and high schools is providing: community-oriented care. community-based care. secondary care. tertiary care.
Community-oriented care
A community-based HIV/AIDS clinic would be concerned about which aspects of the Public Health Code of Ethics? Select all that apply. Autonomy of the professional Confidentiality when possible Funding Promoting advocacy for disenfranchised persons Respecting only community rights
Confidentiality when possible Promoting advocacy for disenfranchised persons
A nurse exclaims proudly to other nurses at the agency, "The care I provide is the same for everyone. I treat everyone the same." In fact, this nurse is demonstrating what inhibitor to developing cultural competence? Cultural blindness Cultural competence Cultural conflict Culture shock
Cultural blindness
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the current status of nursing in community health? Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities. Community health serves only clients with chronic conditions. Comprehensive reform of health care is required. People no longer believe they can protect themselves.
Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities.
In the United States, the current system of the local government's responsibility for providing care for the disenfranchised emerged from: Elizabethan Poor Law Florence Nightingale Public Health Service (PHS) Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
Elizabethan Poor Law
The historical figure whose work in providing care to poor people, primary prevention, and environmental health established that individual as nursing's first moral leader and community-oriented nurse was: Sister Mary Augustine. Florence Nightingale. William Rathbone. Lillian Wald.
Florence Nightingale.
The historical nursing figure who contributed to establishing the foundation for current community health and nursing in community health by working in military field hospitals using a population-based approach that improved nursing care and environmental conditions was: Florence Nightingale. Frances Root. Lillian Wald. Mary Breckinridge.
Florence Nightingale.
Which of the following best supports the concept of community-oriented nursing practice? Select all that apply. Direct nursing care of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) Hospice home care for a terminally ill individual and family Nursing interventions to stop elder abuse Nutrition education programs for teenagers and their families Wound care for a homebound individual
Nursing interventions to stop elder abuse Direct nursing care of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) Nutrition education programs for teenagers and their families
The nurse in community health identifies an elder abuse problem because of caregiver stress among families in the local community resulting from lack of caregiver support services. The next step in the community-oriented nursing process would be to: analyze the community problem. establish priorities. establish goals and objectives. identify intervention activities.
analyze the community problem.
A community-oriented nurse has identified obesity as a problem in the middle school. The next step in a population-focused practice is to make information available about the health of the middle school students. This describes the public health core function of: assessment assurance Policy development research
assessment
The ethical question, "Are persons assigned to develop community knowledge adequately prepared to collect data on groups and populations?" is based on an ethical tenet that supports the community-oriented core function of: assessment. assurance. policy development. compliance.
assessment
A state agency has received multiple complaints regarding the availability of elder transportation services to a specific county senior center. The state agency assigns a public health nurse to work with the community to evaluate its program for elder transportation services to publicly sponsored elder care programs. The public health core function applied is: assurance policy development. primary prevention. public transportation.
assurance
A community-based hospice nurse has an Asian male client with terminal stage cancer. The client complains that he is in continuous pain and receives no relief from the codeine prescribed by his primary care practitioner (PCP). The nurse contacts the client's PCP to discuss replacing the prescription of codeine with another pain-reducing non-codeine-based drug. The nurse is demonstrating knowledge of the cultural organizing factor of: biological variance. communication. space. time perception.
biological variance.
A nurse in community health is invited to work with a coalition of churches to address safety concerns for children in the local community. The nurse provides training in problem-solving skills, manages conflict, facilitates the process, and provides expertise in interpreting data. This nurse has chosen the implementation role of: change agent. change partner. group leader. data collector.
change partner.
Virtue ethics is distinctly different from moral justification via theories or principles because the emphasis of virtue ethics is practical reasoning applied to: character development. consequentialism. distributive justice. egalitarianism.
character development.
A nurse in community health contacts three individuals who have had sexual encounters with an individual recently diagnosed with syphilis. The concept basic to community-oriented nursing practice that is best described by this intervention is: community. community as client. individual as client. partnership.
community as client.
A Hispanic outreach program works with the nurse in community health to train Hispanic health care workers in providing basic services and education within the local Hispanic community. The concept basic to community-oriented nursing practice that is best described by this intervention is: community. community client. community health. community partnerships.
community partnerships.
A nurse in a clinic that provides direct care services to clients with tuberculosis would be classified as practicing: community-based nursing. community-oriented nursing. institutional nursing. public health nursing.
community-based nursing.
A school nurse teaches three middle school students with asthma conditions techniques to minimize their incidence of bronchial spasms. This is an application of: community-based nursing. community-oriented nursing. institutional nursing. public health nursing.
community-based nursing.
Jennifer is a nurse in a family medicine clinic. Today she is assessing Jose, a 4-year-old who is being seen for an earache. The type of nursing Jennifer practices is: community-oriented nursing. community-based nursing. public health nursing. tertiary health nursing
community-based nursing.
Migrant workers and their families who reside in a specific mobile home park during the summer months would best be classified as a: community. group. setting of practice. target population.
community.
Nurses in community health who understand the basis of their own behaviors and how those behaviors help or hinder the delivery of competent care to persons from cultures other than their own are demonstrating the cultural competence development process construct of: cultural awareness. cultural desire. cultural encounter. cultural skill.
cultural awareness.
While conducting a community health assessment, a nurse in community health meets with local religious leaders to understand the values, norms, perceived needs, and influence structures within the community. This process of data collection can best be described as: data gathering. data generation. data interpretation. problem identification.
data generation.
Caring and the ethic of care is a core value of nursing in community health. This ethical view was developed in the mid-1980s and early 1990s in response to the technical advances in health care science and the desire of nurses to: apply gender-related voices to moral judgment. apply principles of utilitarianism. differentiate distributive justice from beneficence. differentiate nursing practice from medical practice.
differentiate nursing practice from medical practice.
A nurse overhears the doctor saying, "Let's not give him codeine; he is Asian." The nurse reflects on the comment and determines that the: (select all that apply) doctor is culturally competent. doctor is prejudiced. doctor should have called an interpreter. doctor's ability to assess pain based on culture may be limited. doctor is planning care based on racial enzymatic differences.
doctor is culturally competent. doctor is planning care based on racial enzymatic differences.
A Public Health Service nurse working for the Indian Health Service is working with a client diagnosed with cancer. The client uses sweat lodges to "cure the disease." The nurse understands that within the culture, disease is often perceived as disharmony with other forces, and clients may look to hot or cold treatments to resolve or cure a cancerous condition. The nurse is integrating her knowledge of the cultural organizing factor of: biological variations. communication. environmental control. space.
environmental control.
The nurse in community health defines goals and measurable objectives during the planning phase of a community health intervention. This also marks the beginning of the: evaluation phase. implementation phase. needs assessment. problem analysis.
evaluation phase.
In caring for a young adult from West Africa, the community nurse is introduced to another individual who is referred to as "auntie." A culturally competent nurse who is aware of the basic organizing factor of culture related to social organization would: assess the competence of the "auntie" to care for the young adult. assume that the "auntie" is related to one of the young adult's parents. declare that the young adult is capable of making personal health decisions. find out who is considered to be a member of the family.
find out who is considered to be a member of the family.
A nurse who speaks only English has just gotten a new client for an intake interview. The client is a refugee who has very limited English proficiency (LEP). The nurse should: get an interpreter. see whether another nurse, more comfortable with refugees, will work with the client. see what helpful information is on the Internet. try to communicate with hand gestures.
get an interpreter.
The term "instructive district nursing" was coined in the nineteenth century to describe the relationship of nursing to: health education. home health care. settlement houses. visiting nurse services.
health education.
In a federally funded preschool program such as Head Start, nursing services that include conducting developmental-level screening for cognitive and psychomotor development of individual children would most likely be considered community-oriented nursing care when: individual results are compared with established standards for children of the same age group. program characteristics are assessed for their effectiveness in making the school population healthier. referral is provided for a child identified with delayed psychomotor development. treatment is initiated for a child with an identified learning disability.
individual results are compared with established standards for children of the same age group.
Mary Breckinridge established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in 1925. One of Breckinridge's primary contributions to health care in the United States was: the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). introduction of the first nurse-midwives. the nursing process. occupational health nursing.
introduction of the first nurse-midwives.
In applying Ethical Principles for Effective Advocacy, the ethical principle that empowers the client (groups or communities) to make knowledgeable decisions is: act impartially and offer frank, independent advice. act in accordance with the client's wishes and instructions. act in the client's best interest. keep the client properly informed.
keep the client properly informed.
Community-oriented nursing in the twenty-first century has been influenced by historical events and government initiatives that support the approach of: caring for the disenfranchised. illness care. keeping the public healthy. preventing acute illness.
keeping the public healthy.
Ethical decision making is conducted in a generic framework. One step of ethical decision making is to place an ethical issue or dilemma within a meaningful context. The rationale for this step is: multiple factors affect the formulation and justification of ethical issues and dilemmas. the nature of ethical issues and dilemmas determines the specific ethical approach used. people cannot make sound ethical decisions if they cannot identify ethical issues and dilemmas. professional persons cannot avoid choice and action in applied ethics.
multiple factors affect the formulation and justification of ethical issues and dilemmas.
Provision 3 of the Code of Ethics for Nurses states, "The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient." In applying this provision to practice, the public health nurse understands that: patient means the recipient of nursing care. the profession's integrity is at stake. rights of the individual supersede. this applies only to nursing in community health.
patient means the recipient of nursing care.
The most significant commonalities between the ANA's Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice and the Public Health Code of Ethics assert that advocacy is conducted in the: assertiveness arena. education arena. litigation arena. policy arena.
policy arena.
Public health nursing is a specialty with a distinct focus and scope of practice and requires a special knowledge base different from other specialty areas of nursing. A public health nurse would first be interested in: drug treatments for diabetes. populations with the highest rate of diabetes. educational materials for individuals with diabetes. new technology for diabetic care.
populations with the highest rate of diabetes.
In 1902 Lillian Wald introduced the concept of school nursing to address the problem of student absenteeism by: enforcing the Department of Health's rules and regulations. excluding infectious children from the school environment. providing and obtaining medical treatment for absent students. providing shoes and clothing for absent students.
providing and obtaining medical treatment for absent students.
It is important that nurses understand the nontraditional healing practices of their clients because: folk practices are usually ineffective. nurses can refer clients to the appropriate local folk healers. safe, effective nontraditional healing methods can be blended with Western medicine. the nurse must understand them to help the client give them up.
safe, effective nontraditional healing methods can be blended with Western medicine.
The nurse in community health reviews the monthly and year-to-date health service use report for the local community to monitor trends as correlates of the community's health. The nurse is viewing community health through the dimension of: partnership. process. status. structure.
structure.
A nurse in community health seeks to determine whether the visit with an older adult Asian woman is successful. The nurse has not encountered many clients from this culture. An effective way to judge whether a cultural encounter has been effective would include the nurse's sense that the visit was successful, the nurse and client experience little or no stress, and: the client says "thank you." the client nods frequently. the client's family does not complain. tasks are done efficiently.
tasks are done efficiently.
In a community clinic that screens and treats individuals for cardiovascular disorders, the nurse practicing public health/population-focused nursing would most likely ascertain: a holistic treatment plan. a specific clinical diagnosis. individual dietary interventions for cardiovascular disorders. the prevalence rate of cardiovascular disorders among various groups.
the prevalence rate of cardiovascular disorders among various groups
The community-oriented nursing care function of policy development is supported by the ethical tenet of: competency. do no harm. what is ethical is also good policy. to each person a fair share.
what is ethical is also good policy.
Two nurses in community health schedule a day to ride through a low-income community to better understand the community and its boundaries, trends, rhythm, stability, and changes that can affect the health of that community. This direct data collection method is often referred to as: composite database. participant observation. secondary analysis. windshield survey.
windshield survey.
