Ch. 1

Identify at least 4 major causes of under nutrition.

- Poverty - War - Limited Access to Food - Population Densities - Gender Inequalities - Lack of Education

Identify the available carbohydrates per gram of the three macronutrients and alcohol.

CHO (carbohydrates) 4 kcal/gram, Lipids 9 kcal/gram, Proteins 4 kcal/gram, Alcohol 7 kcal/gram

Calculate the amount calories or grams when given the macronutrient content of a food or meal and vice versa.

Convert any percents to decimals or fractions and label with calories or grams (depending on the problem). Multiply that with the total amount given in the problem to get the portion of meal for each macronutrient. Set up a proportion of calories per gram of each nutrient so that the labels cancel out.

Malnutrition is what?

Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of the vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function.

-Understand how nutrition is affected by many other disciplines and be able to identify at least 3 of those disciplines.

Nutrition is a science, so it evolved from many science-based disciplines, such as organic chemistry, molecular biology, and biochemistry. Nutrition not only studies issues with foods but also to why people eat what they do, which is evolved from disciplines such as anthropology, psychology, physiology, economics, public health, and sociology.

Identify 5 chronic diseases that are related to nutrition.

Obesity, Cancer, Heart Disease, Bone Health, Diabetes

Identify 3 programs that are federally (government involvement) managed.

RDA are the USDA's oversight dietary guidelines for American's National School Lunch and Breakfast Program. Expanded Food and Nutritional Education Program (EFNEP). Special Supplemental Nutritional Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC)

Understand malnutrition as it relates to over and under nutrition.

Under nutrition is the lack of specific nutrients. Over nutrition is too much of a specific nutrients. Examples of overnutrition include: overuse of supplements & vitamins, consumption of too many calories .

-Differentiate between macro and microminerals.

macrominerals: excess (100) mg per day microminerals: less (100) mg per day

Understand the concepts of diet, health, and a healthy diet (what are the three characteristics of a healthy diet.

Diet is the sum of all things an individual typically eats in a day. Health is the absence of infirmity and disease, as well as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being. A healthy diet is one that includes variety, balance, and moderation: Variety- Eat different foods in each food group. Balance- Incorporate all food groups. One group is not more important than another Moderation- Be careful not to over-consume a food group or food. Portion size/control is important.

Difference between Cal and cal.

1 cal = 1 calorie 1 kcal = 1000 cal = 1000 calories = 1 Cal k is a symbol for 1000 units, like 1 kg = 1000 grams, or 1 Km = 1000 metres

Identify the 6 nutrients.

1. Carbohydrate 2. Fat (lipids) 3. Protein 4. Minerals 5. Vitamins 6. Water

Define and differentiate between an essential nutrient and non-essential nutrient.

A nutrient is a substance that the body needs for energy, growth, and development. An essential nutrient is one that is necessary for life and one that the body cannot make at all or in sufficient amounts to sustain its functions; therefore, it must be included in the diet. A non-essential nutrient is one that the body can make in sufficient amounts if it is lacking in the diet, or one that may deliver a health benefit when added to the diet.

-Understand the concept of the calorie.

calorie is scientific unit of energy

Differentiate between credible and non credible sources of information

Sources PhD Nutrition or RD: Peer-reviewed journals because they are well-controlled studies. They have no magic claims. Stick with websites of well known health organizations

Identify at least 5 factors that influence the way we eat.

environment, culture& tradition, likes and dislikes, family, finances, convenience, the media, Age, and Health issues